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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of 2-amino-5-methylisophthalonitrile (1992)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 48 (1992), S. 208-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010827019100865X
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water budget of Semiadalia undecimnotata schn. larvae feeding on myzus persicae sulz. studied with HT^1^8O
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    The @International Journal Of Applied Radiation And Isotopes 31 (1980), S. 781-786 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-708X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0020-708X(80)90069-1
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and ultrastructure of integumentary glands of Semiadalia undecimnotata schn. (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 21 (1992), S. 223-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0020-7322
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(92)90018-I
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La prise d'informations visuelles chez la coccinelle Harmonia axyridis (1996)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 79 (1996), S. 121-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Harmonia axyridis ; Coccinellidae ; adult ; larva ; vision ; visual target ; dummies ; Harmonia axyridis ; Coccinellidae ; adulte ; larve ; vision ; cibles visuelles ; leurres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The sensorial relationships of predators to plant and prey are seldom taken into account in biological control programmes. However, methods of conditioning, attracting and/or settling predator populations may result from a knowledge of their visual and/or olfactive sensorial capacities. The study of the visual capacities of Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Col., Coccinellidae), a species used in France for aphid control, was undertaken to this aim with artificial targets and dummies. Larvae and adults of this coccinellid seemed to present ‘a long distance’ vision (perception of geometric shapes) and ‘a short distance’ vision (perception of aphid-like dummies). This vision, which is more accurate in adults, allows this coccinellid to change the orientation of its movement in order either to contact the targets (or the dummies), or to walk close to them. Under field conditions, these visual capacities may participate in the localisation of tall objects such as plants. After plant exploration, which is controlled by internal factors (tropism) and external ones either physical (leaf vein and edge) or chemical (plant secretion due to aphid infestation, olfactive trails, honeydew or pheromones), visual capacities may also participate in prey perception.
    Notes: Résumé Les capacités visuelles de la coccinelle H. axyridis, espèce utilisée en lutte biologique, ont été étudiées l'aide de formes géométriques différentes et de leurres qui miment un puceron. Les larves et les adultes de cette coccinelle semblent présenter une vision à ‘distance’ (perception de formes géométriques) et une vision de ‘proximité’ (perception de leurres comparables à des proies). Cette vision qui est plus développée chez les adultes, permet à cette coccinelle de changer l'orientation de ses déplacements soit pour entrer en contact avec ces cibles artificielles soit pour passer à proximité. Toutefois, ces performances ont été mises en évidence dans des conditions particulières, les cibles et les leurres présentant un fort contraste par rapport à l'environnement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343330
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    La répartition spatiale des différents stades de Coccinella septempunctata dans un champ de blé: variation au cours de la saison (1989)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 53 (1989), S. 229-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coccinella septempunctata ; Coccinellidae ; wheat ; egg laying ; larva ; adult ; vertical distribution ; Coccinella septempunctata ; Coccinellidae ; blé ; ponte ; larve ; adulte ; répartition spatiale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary At the beginning of spring, post-hibernating adults of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae), larvae and nymphs are found on the lower part of wheat plants. In June, adults born in the field as well as their progeny are dispersed all over the plant and a significant proportion of them is found on the apical parts of plants. Most of the egg clutches are layed on soil lumps, stones and small wild plants which represent preferential sites. Variations in coccinellid distribution may be influenced by climatic conditions, especially the temperature, by the thermophilic nature of this species and by the repartition of the three main aphid species on the plants. These results are relevant for the selection of a sampling methods.
    Notes: Résumé Au début du printemps les adultes de Coccinella septempunctata L. (Col., Coccinellidae) issus des sites d'hivernation, les larves et les nymphes qui en proviennent, fréquentent le sol et les parties basses du blé. En juin, les adultes nés dans le champ et leur descendance sont dispersés sur toute la hauteur des talles bien qu'une fraction non négligeable de leur population se rencontre à l'extrémité supérieure. La plupart des pontes sont déposées sous les mottes de terre, les pierres et les petites adventices qui constituent des sites privilégiés. Ces variations de la distribution de cette coccinelle peuvent être mises en relation avec le climat, en particulier la température, avec la thermophilie de cette espèce et avec la répartition sur les différentes parties des talles des 3 espèces de puceron qui se succèdent au cours de la saison. Ces observations sont importantes à considérer lors du choix ou de la mise au point d'une méthode d'échantillonnage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00162854
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A natural flightless mutation in the ladybird, Harmonia axyridis (2000)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 96 (2000), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coccinellidae ; Harmonia axyridis ; flightless mutation ; elytra ; wing ; biological control ; China
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A homozygous flightless strain, obtained by selection from a laboratory population of Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae), has been reared under controlled conditions since 1982 after sampling in China. The adults of this flightless strain have normal elytra and wings but drop almost vertically when they attempt to fly. The origin of this mutation, whether laboratory or natural, is discussed. As the mutation does not affect the fitness of the beetles, this flightless strain can be used in biological control. Releasing flightless adults rather than larvae should provide the potential for more continuous control of aphids by both larvae and adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004068822740
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exploration of wheat leaves byCoccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) larvae (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 5 (1992), S. 147-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Coccinella septempunctata ; position ; search pattern ; predator-prey relationships ; predator efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new method for the quantification of insect movements on leaves is presented and applied to larvae of a wheat aphid predator, C. septempunctata. The method results from behavioral definition of positions adopted by this predator during its advance along the wheat leaf. Through a factor analysis of multiple correspondences, the method allowed specification of some aspects of predator movements on plants, especially the frequency of position associations, to give a new definition of local search and to describe some behavioral interactions with aphids. The consequences for predator efficiency are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01049286
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Locomotor Behavior of Flightless Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Col., Coccinellidae) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 12 (1999), S. 545-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Harmonia axyridis Pallas ; Coccinellidae ; mutation ; flight ; flight behavior ; prey search behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To improve the efficiency of the lady beetle H. axyridis as a biological control agent against aphids, a flightless population was obtained by feeding adults with a mutagen and selecting their progeny for nonflying but otherwise morphologically normal individuals. These flightless adults attempted to fly but immediately fell. They softened their fall by opening their elytrae and wings. The inability to fly could result from change in their flying behavior compared to control adults. The flight duration was very much shorter, and the wing beat frequency and, more particularly, the amplitude of the wing beats were clearly lower. More time was spent in the other components of the flight behavior such as wing rotation, wing immobility, and wing folding. The sequence of these patterns differed slightly, due mainly to change in their frequency. The locomotor behavior was not modified by the mutation, which affected only the wing muscles. Searching behavior of mutant adults differed from that of control adults only in that they took longer to encounter and ingest aphids. Nevertheless, the larval growth and reproductive rate remained unchanged. The behavioral and biological features of these flightless adults indicate that it should be possible to use them in biological control programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020923025379
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sources of variability in the transition from extensive to intensive search in coccinellid predators (Homoptera: Coccinellidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 7 (1994), S. 633-647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Coccinellidae ; Semiadalia undecimpunctata ; search behavior ; foraging ; intra- and interindividual comparison
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In an environment structured by habitats, prey patches, and prey, predators such as coccinellids have two movement modes. The extensive search and the intensive search which results from prey capture are adopted for patch localization and exploration, respectively. The variability of changes from extensive search to intensive search was studied in larvae of the aphidophagous coccinellidSemiadalia undecimpunctata to find out their possibility of adaptation to a fluctuating environment. The temporal organization of coccinellid movements appears far more complicated than the generally accepted succession of extensive search, feeding, and intensive search. Their paths are characterized by the presence of time intervals devoted to intensive search before feeding, a highly variable path response after prey consumption (larvae may adopt intensive search immediately, later, or never), and the alternation of time periods devoted to either extensive search or intensive search after prey ingestion. This interindividual variability suggests that coccinellids have the ability to adapt to heterogeneity or short-term changes in environmental conditions, particularly in prey distribution. These results are in favor of the use of these predators in biological control programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01997436
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L'élevage de deux coccinelles Harmonia axyridis et Semiadalia undecimnotata à l'aide d'oeufs d'Anagasta kuehniella tués aux rayons ultraviolets (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 49 (1988), S. 235-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Coccinellidae ; Harmonia axyridis ; Semiadalia undecimnotata ; Aphids ; Acyrthosiphon pisum ; Pyralidae ; Anagasta kuehniella ; growth ; reproduction ; breeding ; natural prey ; unnatural prey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Aphidophagous coccinellids Harmonia axyridis and Semiadalia undecimnotata were reared on eggs of the pyralid moth, Anagasta kuehniella during three generations previously killed by exposure to ultra violet radiation. Incidentally, these eggs are used for the mass production of Trichogramma. For H. axyridis larvae, this prey has the same nutritional value as the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (control). In adults, it causes an increase in reproductive activity which persisted during three generations. Decreased egg fertility is compensated for by stimulated oviposition. However, regardless of generations, the number of larvae produced per female per day remained equal to or became larger than the control. When the adults are transferred to aphid prey after 15 days of oviposition on the substitution food, a high level of fecundity is maintained and egg fertility improved, particulary during the last two generations. In S. undecimnotata, a specific aphid predator, preying on substitute prey is associated with prolonged pre-imaginal development and increased mortality, the latter affecting up to 50% of the larvae during the third generation. In adults, it induces a deterioration of the reproductive capacities (fecundity, fertility) which however seemed to improve during the third generation. Substitute prey has negative effect on these adults. At present, only H. axyridis might be considered for temporary mass production, as suggested by the results obtained at the end of the first generation.
    Notes: Résumé Les coccinelles aphidiphages Harmonia axyridis Pallas et Semiadalia undecimnotata Schneider (Coccinellidae) ont été élevées pendant trois générations à l'aide d'oeufs d'Anagasta kuehniella Zell. (Pyralidae) tués par une exposition à un rayonnement ultraviolet. Chez la première espèce, cette proie de substitution présente une valuer alimentaire comparable si ce n'est pas supérieure à celle du puceron Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Ces résultats permettent d'envisager, dès à présent, une production massive dans ces conditions trophiques. La mise en place d'un élevage continu dépend de l'évolution sur un grand nombre de générations de certains paramètres biologiques notamment de la fertilité des femelles. Chez la seconde espèce, une telle application paraît impossible pour l'instant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187498
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