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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of eight herbicides from five different chemical groups on nitrogen fixation and grain yield in Lupinus albus L. grown in semi-arid zones (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 29 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. The effects of five different chemical groups of herbicides: dinitroanilines, 1, 3, 5-triazines, 1, 2, 4-triazinones, α-chloroacetamides and carbamates on N2-fixation & yield in Lupinus were compared. Cyanazine, simazine and trifluralin caused a significant increase in acetylene reduction activity (ARA), whereas the rest had no effect on ARA. Cyanazine and simazine significantly increased the grain yield and the weight of lupin seeds. The percentage of nitrogen in the seeds was significantly increased by cyanazine. An inventory of the weeds resistant to the herbicides in the treated subplots was also carried out. The dinitroaniline group mainly controlled Galium tricorne, Lolium multiflorum, Papaver rhoeas, and Avena sterilis whereas the 1, 3, 5-triazine and dinitroaniline herbicides. Carbamates and α-chloroacetamides were less effective Papaver rhoeas, Scandix pecten-veneris and Avena sterilis. Avena sterilis was controlled by both triazine and dinitro-aniline herbicides. Carbamates and α-chloroacetamides were less effective on the weeds growing with the lupinus plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1989.tb01313.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A fadD mutant of Sinorhizobium meliloti shows multicellular swarming migration and is impaired in nodulation efficiency on alfalfa roots (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Molecular microbiology 43 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Swarming is a form of bacterial translocation that involves cell differentiation and is characterized by a rapid and co-ordinated population migration across solid surfaces. We have isolated a Tn5 mutant of Sinorhizobium meliloti GR4 showing conditional swarming. Swarm cells from the mutant strain QS77 induced on semi-solid minimal medium in response to different signals are hyperflagellated and about twice as long as wild-type cells. Genetic and physiological characterization of the mutant strain indicates that QS77 is altered in a gene encoding a homologue of the FadD protein (long-chain fatty acyl-CoA ligase) of several microorganisms. Interestingly and similar to a less virulent Xanthomonas campestris fadD(rpfB) mutant, QS77 is impaired in establishing an association with its host plant. In trans expression of multicopy fadD restored growth on oleate, control of motility and the symbiotic phenotype of QS77, as well as acyl-CoA synthetase activity of an Escherichia coli fadD mutant. The S. meliloti QS77 strain shows a reduction in nod gene expression as well as a differential regulation of motility genes in response to environmental conditions. These data suggest that, in S. meliloti, fatty acid derivatives may act as intracellular signals controlling motility and symbiotic performance through gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02749.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colonisation of Pinus halepensis roots by Pseudomonas fluorescens and interaction with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus granulatus (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 51 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Colonisation of Pinus halepensis roots by GFP-tagged Pseudomonas fluorescens Aur6 was monitored by epifluorescence microscopy and dilution plating. Aur6-GFP was able to colonise and proliferate on P. halepensis roots. Co-inoculation with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus granulatus did not affect the bacterial colonisation pattern whereas it had an effect on bacterial density. Bacterial counts increased during the first 20 days of seedling growth, irrespective of seedlings being mycorrhizal or not. After 40 days, bacterial density significantly decreased and bacteria concentrated on the upper two-thirds of the pine root. The presence of S. granulatus significantly stimulated survival of bacteria in the root elongation zone where fungal colonisation was higher. The number of mycorrhizas formed by S. granulatus was not affected by co-inoculation with Aur6-GFP. Neither Aur6-GFP nor S. granulatus stimulated P. halepensis development when inoculated alone, but a synergistic effect was observed on seedling growth when bacteria and fungus were co-inoculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.09.006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subcellular localization of glycoprotein epitopes during the development of lupin root nodules (1998)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 201 (1998), S. 71-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Lupinus albus ; Nitrogen fixation ; Oxygen diffusion ; Glycoprotein ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The monoclonal antibodies MAC236 and MAC265, raised against a soluble component of pea nodules, were used to elucidate the presence and subcellular localization of glycoprotein epitopes during the development of lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Multolupa) nodules, by means of immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis. These antibodies recognize a single band of 95 kDa in pea, soybean and bean nodules, whilst two different bands of 240 and 135 kDa cross-react with MAC236 and MAC265 respectively in lupin nodules. This fact may indicate that the recognized epitopes can be present in different subcellular compartments and/or play different roles through the development of functional nodules. The results show that MAC265 is mainly associated with Bradyrhizobium infection and with the development of nodule primordium, in the first stages of nodulation. MAC265 is also detected when glycoprotein transport takes place across the cytoplasm and the cell wall, and also in the intercellular spaces of the middle cortex, attached to cell walls. The amount of MAC265 remains constant through nodule development. In contrast the amount of MAC236 increases with nodule age, parallel to the establishment of nitrogenase activity. This antibody is localized in cytoplasmic globules attached to the inner side of cell walls in the middle cortex, and mainly in the matrix filling the intercellular spaces of the middle and inner cortex. This main site of localization of MAC236 may indicate a role in the functioning of the oxygen diffusion barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280713
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the herbicides Lindex and Simazine on chloroplast and nodule development, nodule activity, and grain yield inLupinus albus L. (1987)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 101 (1987), S. 99-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acetylene reduction ; Bradyrhizobium ; chloroplasts ; herbicides ; lupins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field and laboratory investigations were carried out to determine the influence of two commercial herbicides Lindex and Simazine on symbiotic N2 fixation, the photosynthetic apparatus, percentage of proteins, and grain yield of lupins (Lupinus albus L. cv. Multolupa). The herbicides were added (3 kg commercial product in 9001 per ha) two weeks after sowing. The nodulated roots were tested for nitrogenase activity by the acetylene reduction assay (ARA) at the first and second flowering. The ARA values decreased with herbicide application. The decrease was smaller in the Simazine treatments with inoculated seeds. The ARA for plants treated with Lindex did not increase with inoculation. Nitrogenase activity was greater in the non-inoculated plants growing together with weeds. The effect of Simazine on the photosynthetic apparatus proved to be more toxic than that of Lindex, not only considerably reducing the size of the chloroplasts but also affecting the grana structure. The latter appeared as an electron-dense compact mass. There were no visible alterations in the photosynthetic apparatus of plants treated with Lindex. However starch, which was not present in the control leaves, accumulated. No ultrastructural changes were observed in the nodule cells treated with Lindex. Simazine altered nodule cells by causing vesicle formation, degeneration of bacteria, and by decreasing the number of N2-fixing bacteroids. The grain yield decreased with both herbicide treatments, the decrease being lower in the inoculated plants, especially in the Simazine treatment. Our results suggest that each herbicide had a different effect on N2 fixation, the photosynthetic apparatus and grain yield. Laboratory studies indicated that cyanazine and simazine did not adversely affect the growth of Bradyrhizobium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02371036
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  • 6
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    Selection of Rhizobia from Agronomic Legumes Grown in Semiarid Soils to be Employed as Bioinoculants (2012)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-1962
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0645
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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  • 7
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    Salt marsh migration into salinized agricultural fields: a novel assembly of plant communities (2019)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract Questions Sea level rise and saltwater intrusion are changing low‐lying coastal landscapes, converting agricultural land and other upland habitats to tidal marsh. Abandoned, saline agricultural fields are affected by a unique combination of environmental filters, those traditionally found in tidal marsh – salinity and flooding – alongside those of cultivated lands – high nutrient availability and a history of disturbance. We asked how species composition and functional trait composition in saline fields compares to traditional old fields and natural ecotones, and whether trends in succession can be detected in saline fields during the first years post‐abandonment. Location Chesapeake Bay (Mid‐Atlantic, USA). Methods We surveyed plant communities assembling in saline fields and compared taxonomic and functional trait diversity to those in old field and marsh‐forest ecotone communities. We also assessed changes in the saline fields after two and three years of abandonment to detect the direction of succession. Results Saline fields occupied an intermediate taxonomic and trait space between old fields and marsh ecotones. From old fields to saline fields to marsh, communities were less weedy, and more wetland, native, and perennial. Specific leaf area decreased across this transition, in concordance with expected changes in response to salinity. Over time, saline fields became less graminoid and less weedy, and more native, wetland, and woody. Conclusions We conclude that marsh migration into abandoned farmland is producing a novel assembly of plant communities. Intermediate functional traits in the saline fields reflect the novel environmental filters imposed by saltwater intrusion and the cultivation legacy. These patterns suggest that abandoned, saline agricultural fields may develop somewhat differently than natural marsh boundaries, with more shrub‐dominance and greater resilience to Phragmites australis invasion. Importantly, these results suggest that saline fields will provide a facilitating route for marsh migration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 1100-9233
    Electronic ISSN: 1654-1103
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley on behalf of The International Association for Vegetation Science (IAVS).
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  • 8
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    On the location of new facilities for chain expansion under delivered pricing (2012)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-0483
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5274
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
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    On tie breaking in competitive location under binary customer behavior (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0305-0483
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5274
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Habitat-related seed germination traits in alpine habitats (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-11-25
    Description: Understanding the key aspects of plant regeneration from seeds is crucial in assessing species assembly to their habitats. However, the regenerative traits of seed dormancy and germination are underrepresented in this context. In the alpine zone, the large species and microhabitat diversity provide an ideal context to assess habitat-related regenerative strategies. To this end, seeds of 53 species growing in alpine siliceous and calcareous habitats (6230 and 6170 of EU Directive 92/43, respectively) were exposed to different temperature treatments under controlled laboratory conditions. Germination strategies in each habitat were identified by clustering with k-means. Then, phylogenetic least squares correlations (PGLS) were fitted to assess germination and dormancy differences between species’ main habitat (calcareous and siliceous), microhabitat (grasslands, heaths, rocky, and species with no specific microhabitats), and chorology (arctic–alpine and continental). Calcareous and siliceous grasslands significantly differ in their germination behaviour with a slow, mostly overwinter germination and high germination under all conditions, respectively. Species with high overwinter germination occurs mostly in heaths and have an arctic–alpine distribution. Meanwhile, species with low or high germinability in general inhabit in grasslands or have no specific microhabitat (they belong to generalist), respectively. Alpine species use different germination strategies depending on habitat provenance, species’ main microhabitat, and chorotype. Such differences may reflect adaptations to local environmental conditions and highlight the functional role of germination and dormancy in community ecology. Germination traits and strategies of 53 species inhabiting in two main alpine habitats were assessed. Our main outputs show specific habitat regenerative strategies which may reflect adaptations to local environmental conditions and highlight the functional role of germination traits and dormancy in community ecology.
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-7758
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Wiley
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