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  • 1
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    Bio-Inspired Robotics (2021)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Modern robotic technologies have enabled robots to operate in a variety of unstructured and dynamically-changing environments, in addition to traditional structured environments. Robots have, thus, become an important element in our everyday lives. One key approach to develop such intelligent and autonomous robots is to draw inspiration from biological systems. Biological structure, mechanisms, and underlying principles have the potential to provide new ideas to support the improvement of conventional robotic designs and control. Such biological principles usually originate from animal or even plant models, for robots, which can sense, think, walk, swim, crawl, jump or even fly. Thus, it is believed that these bio-inspired methods are becoming increasingly important in the face of complex applications. Bio-inspired robotics is leading to the study of innovative structures and computing with sensory–motor coordination and learning to achieve intelligence, flexibility, stability, and adaptation for emergent robotic applications, such as manipulation, learning, and control. This Special Issue invites original papers of innovative ideas and concepts, new discoveries and improvements, and novel applications and business models relevant to the selected topics of ``Bio-Inspired Robotics''. Bio-Inspired Robotics is a broad topic and an ongoing expanding field. This Special Issue collates 30 papers that address some of the important challenges and opportunities in this broad and expanding field.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; Robots and Mechatronics ; Bio-inspired Robots ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
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    A global survey of stress orientations in subducting slabs as revealed by intermediate-depth earthquakes (2004)
    In:  Geophys. J. Int., Taipei, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 159, no. 2, pp. 721-733, pp. 1551, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Stress ; Review article ; Subduction zone ; Hypocentral depth ; Seismicity ; seismicity, ; subduction ; GJI
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    A rapid and accurate two-point ray tracing method in horizontally layered velocity model (2005)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-03-01
    Print ISSN: 1000-9116
    Electronic ISSN: 1993-1344
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
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    IJERPH, Vol. 12, Pages 9330-9341: The Willingness-to-Pay for General Practitioners in Contractual Service and Influencing Factors among Empty Nesters in Chongqing, China (2015)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Description: Background: In 2012, a pilot health policy of contractual service relations between general practitioners and patients was implemented in China. Due to the decline in body and cognitive function, as well as the lack of family care and narrow social support networks, the demand of health services among the elderly is much higher than that among the general population. This study aims to probe into the empty nesters’ willingness-to-pay for general practitioners using a contractual service policy, investigating empty nesters’ payment levels for the service, and analyze the main factors affecting the willingness of empty-nesters’ general practitioners using contractual service supply cost. Methods: This cross-sectional study adopted a multistage stratified sampling method to survey 865, city empty nesters (six communities in three districts of one city) aged 60–85 years. A condition value method was used to infer the distribution of the willingness-to-pay; Cox’s proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of willingness-to-pay. Results: More than seventy percent (76.6%) of the empty nesters in this city were willing to pay general practitioners using contract service in Chongqing. The level of willingness-to-pay for the surveyed empty nesters was 34.1 yuan per year. The median value was 22.1 yuan per year, which was below the Chongqing urban and rural cooperative medical insurance individual funding level (60 yuan per year) in 2013. Cox’s proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the higher the education level was, the worse the self-reported health status would be, accompanied by higher family per capita income, higher satisfaction of community health service, and higher willingness-to-pay empty nesters using a contract service. Women had a higher willingness-to-pay than men. Conclusions: The willingness-to-pay for general practitioners by contractual service is high among city empty nesters in Chongqing, thus, individual financing is feasible. However, people are willing to pay less than half of the current personal financing of cooperative medical insurance of urban and rural residents. Education level, family per capita income, and self-reported health status are the main factors affecting the cost sharing intention for general practitioners using contract service supply. According to the existing situation of different empty nesters, it is important to perfect the design of general practitioners using a contractual service policy system, according to differentiated personal financing levels.
    Print ISSN: 1661-7827
    Electronic ISSN: 1660-4601
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 5
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    Remote Sensing, Vol. 7, Pages 15443-15466: Detecting and Characterizing Active Thrust Fault and Deep-Seated Landslides in Dense Forest Areas of Southern Taiwan Using Airborne LiDAR DEM (2015)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-19
    Description: Steep topographic reliefs and heavy vegetation severely limit visibility when examining geological structures and surface deformations in the field or when detecting these features with traditional approaches, such as aerial photography and satellite imagery. However, a light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-derived digital elevation model (DEM), which is directly related to the bare ground surface, is successfully employed to map topographic signatures with an appropriate scale and accuracy and facilitates measurements of fine topographic features. This study demonstrates the efficient use of 1-m-resolution LiDAR for tectonic geomorphology in forested areas and to identify a fault, a deep-seated landslide, and the regional cleavage attitude in southern Taiwan. Integrated approaches that use grayscale slope images, openness with a tint color slope visualization, the three-dimensional (3D) perspective of a red relief image map, and a field investigation are employed to identify the aforementioned features. In this study, the previously inferred Meilongshan Fault is confirmed as a NE–SW-trending, eastern dipping thrust with at least a 750 m-wide deformation zone. The site where future paleoseismological studies should be performed has been identified, and someone needs to work further on this site. Signatures of deep-seated landslides, such as double ridges, trenches, main escarpments, and extension cracks, are successfully differentiated in LiDAR DEM images through the use of different visualization techniques. Systematic parallel and continuous lineaments in the images are interpreted as the regional cleavage attitude of cleavage, and a field investigation confirms this interpretation.
    Electronic ISSN: 2072-4292
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 6
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    Materials, Vol. 9, Pages 638: Microstructure and Electrical Properties of AZO/Graphene Nanosheets Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (2016)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Materials
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: In this study we report on the sintering behavior, microstructure and electrical properties of Al-doped ZnO ceramics containing 0–0.2 wt. % graphene sheets (AZO-GNSs) and processed using spark plasma sintering (SPS). Our results show that the addition of 〈0.25 wt. % GNSs enhances both the relative density and the electrical resistivity of AZO ceramics. In terms of the microstructure, the GNSs are distributed at grain boundaries. In addition, the GNSs are also present between ZnO and secondary phases (e.g., ZnAl2O4) and likely contribute to the measured enhancement of Hall mobility (up to 105.1 cm2·V−1·s−1) in these AZO ceramics. The minimum resistivity of the AZO-GNS composite ceramics is 3.1 × 10−4 Ω·cm which compares favorably to the value of AZO ceramics which typically have a resistivity of 1.7 × 10−3 Ω·cm.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1944
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 7
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    Urban meteorological modeling using WRF: a sensitivity study (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-14
    Description: ABSTRACT This study explores the sensitivity of high-resolution mesoscale simulations of urban heat island (UHI) in the Chicago metropolitan area (CMA) and its environs to urban physical parameterizations, with emphasis on the role of lake breeze. A series of climate downscaling experiments were conducted using the urban-Weather Research and Forecasting (uWRF) model at 1-km horizontal resolution for a relatively warm period with a strong lake breeze. The study employed best available morphological data sets, selection of appropriate urban parameters, and estimates of anthropogenic heating sources for the CMA. Several urban parameterization schemes were then evaluated using these parameter values. The study also examined (1) the impacts of land data assimilation for initialization of the mesoscale model, (2) the role of urbanization on UHI and lake breeze, and (3) the effects of sub-grid scale land-cover variability on urban meteorological predictions. Comparisons of temperature and wind simulations with station observations and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data in the CMA showed that uWRF, with appropriate selection of urban parameter values, was able to reproduce the measured near-surface temperature and wind speeds reasonably well. In particular, the model was able to capture the observed spatial variation of 2-m near-surface temperatures at night, when the UHI effect was pronounced. Results showed that inclusion of sub-grid scale variability of land-use and initializing models with more accurate land surface data can yield improved simulations of near-surface temperatures and wind speeds, particularly in the context of simulating the extent and spatial heterogeneity of UHI effects.
    Print ISSN: 0899-8418
    Electronic ISSN: 1097-0088
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 8
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    The relationship between apoptosis, chromatin configuration, histone modification and competence of oocytes: A study using the mouse ovary-holding stress model (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-21
    Description: The relationship between apoptosis, chromatin configuration, histone modification and competence of oocytes: A study using the mouse ovary-holding stress model Scientific Reports, Published online: 20 June 2016; doi:10.1038/srep28347
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 9
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    tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (TBHP)-Initiated Vicinal Sulfonamination of Alkynes: A Radical Annulation toward 3-Sulfonylindoles (2016)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-25
    Description: Organic Letters DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01427
    Print ISSN: 1523-7060
    Electronic ISSN: 1523-7052
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 10
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    Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to forest and estuary environments in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China (2013)
    Co-Action Publishing
    In: Tellus B
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-09-21
    Description: Due to its significant ecological and climate consequences, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is a growing global concern, especially in the severely N-polluted regions such as the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of southern China. One-year measurements of reactive N species, including ammonium nitrogen ( -N), nitrate nitrogen ( -N) and total organic nitrogen (ON) in dry and wet deposition, were conducted using an automated wet–dry sampler incorporated with a DDAS (dry deposition on aqueous surface) sampling device at Dinghushan (DHS), a natural forest site in the northwest of PRD and at Hengmen (HM), an estuary site in the south of PRD during 2006–2007. Total deposition fluxes of N at DHS and HM were up to 48.2 and 37.8 kg ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, with most of the deposition occurring in the rainy season. Wet deposition was the dominant form, contributing 65–70% to the total deposition. -N was the largest contributor to the total N deposition at DHS (47%) due to significant influence of agriculture emissions. ON was the most important N component at HM (41%), which is probably attributed to the marine sources. However, -N deposition is increasing rapidly recently and is expected to be more important in the near future. The current N deposition level in PRD is much higher than those in Europe and North America. Great challenges exist in reducing reactive N emission in this region. Thus, a scenario of rising N deposition in PRD in the near future cannot be ruled out. The environmental consequences due to elevated N deposition should therefore be paid more attention in the future. Keywords: wet deposition, dry deposition, aqueous surface, organic nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate (Published: 20 September 2013) Citation: Tellus B 2013, 65 , 20480, http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v65i0.20480
    Print ISSN: 0280-6509
    Electronic ISSN: 1600-0889
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Published by Co-Action Publishing on behalf of The International Meteorological Institute in Stockholm.
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