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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of SiO2 cladding on properties of annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4404-4409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show SiO2 cladding effects on the optical properties of annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides as well as on the kinetics of annealing process. Annealing with previously deposited SiO2 film reduces the optical losses in annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides. The structural phase diagram of HxLi1−xNbO3 is also modified if annealing has been performed with a previously deposited SiO2 layer. The physical mechanisms, including evaporation of H2O and/or Li2O during annealing without deposited film and, as a result, formation of defects and a lithium deficit phase, are discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373084
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phonon spectra and electro-optic properties of crystalline phases in proton-exchanged LiTaO3 wave guides (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 930-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Annealed proton-exchanged wave guides in X-cut LiTaO3 were characterized by infrared reflection and Raman scattering spectroscopy. The measured spectra were related to the multiple crystalline phases of HxLi1−xTaO3 as identified by direct wave guide index profiling. Unique relationships were found to exist between the crystalline phases and corresponding spectra, which thus can be used to identify phase contents in a given wave guide. Vibrational bands of the studied spectra were correlated with the electro-optic properties of HxLi1−xTaO3 phases. Phase-dependent anisotropy of protonic conductivity was predicted based on the observed polarization dependence of OH libration bands. Finally, the electro-optic coefficient r33 was theoretically estimated for all phases and compared with previously reported experimental data. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1427405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical and x-ray characterization of HxLi1−xNbO3 phases in proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 2411-2419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Infrared reflection, attenuated total reflection, prism coupling, and x-ray diffraction methods were used to characterize seven crystallographic HxLi1−xNbO3 phases in proton-exchanged Z-cut LiNbO3 waveguides. Drastic changes of the crystal lattice parameters and the lattice vibrational spectrum at the phase boundaries were observed. The LO–TO splitting, which is proportional to the width of the main band ranging from 580 to 900 cm−1, was demonstrated to vary significantly from phase to phase. Strong decrease of the LO–TO splitting for the polar mode attributed to NbO6 octahedra vibrations (800–900 cm−1) was detected. It was shown that the HxLi1−xNbO3 phases are organized as individual layers. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368437
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between refractive indices and hydrogen concentration in proton exchanged LiNbO3 waveguides (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 1010-1017 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides (HxLi1−xNbO3) exhibit very complex structural behavior which is different from that known for their powders. Seven crystallographic phases have been identified in the HxLi1−xNbO3 layers. A method to determine the proton concentration in different phases has been proposed. Correlation between the crystal structure, hydrogen concentration, and the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices has been experimentally determined allowing one to explain some optical phenomena observed and to predict the characteristics of a great variety of proton exchanged waveguides. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365864
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical simulation of Hilbert-images of a phase object (1977)
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 9 (1977), S. 455-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract An optical analogue system is described for performing the complex Hilbert transformation of a phase object.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01208754
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance phenomena during vapor condensation in a cooled tube (2000)
    Springer
    Technical physics letters 26 (2000), S. 597-599 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Experiments show evidence of the resonance phenomena during vapor condensation inside a cooled tube. The resonance sharpness depends on the region of application of an external perturbation (vapor or condensed phase).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1262924
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical estimation of dislocation distribution at the tip of arrested cracks (2000)
    Springer
    Physics of the solid state 42 (2000), S. 1290-1293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-7834
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Computer simulation technique is used for studying the plastic flow at the tip of an arrested crack in lithium fluoride crystals. Two stages of the dislocation structure formation at the tip of a crack are analyzed: the formation of slip lines at the instant of crack arresting, and their evolution after sample unloading and partial healing of the crack. The size and the number of dislocations in a slip line are determined as functions of the loading force at the instant of crack arresting and on frictional stresses. It is shown that, during sample unloading and healing, some dislocations emerge at the plane of the crack under the action of mutual repulsion and image forces, so that the dislocation density attains its maximum value at a distance from the crack tip. A finite region free of dislocations exists in the immediate vicinity of the crack tip.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1131379
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Healing of cracks arrested at asymmetric cleavage in alkali-halide crystals and calcite (2000)
    Springer
    Physics of the solid state 42 (2000), S. 703-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-7834
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Plastic-strain regions near the tips of cracks are investigated. Possible mechanisms of self-healing of cracks are considered. It is shown that heating and exposure to visible light affect the evolution of microplastic shear strains at the crack tip. It is found that the dislocation density at the tips of cracks depends exponentially on temperature and time of exposure to light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1131275
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damage to optically transparent crystals with a macroscopic crack under pulsed laser irradiation (1998)
    Springer
    Technical physics 43 (1998), S. 1432-1435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An investigation was made of the influence of a macroscopic crack on the mechanical strength of NaCl, LiF, and CaCO3 single crystals exposed to pulsed laser irradiation. The probability of growth of the initial macrocrack being activated with optical breakdown of the sample is estimated. A mechanism is proposed for the growth of an initial macroscopic crack in which cavities, microcracks, and macrocracks formed as a result of the heating and burnout of absorbing inclusions combine with the initial crack.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1259219
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dependences of the refractive indices on the proton concentration in H:LiNbO3 waveguides (1999)
    Springer
    Technical physics 44 (1999), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Proton-exchanged optical waveguides in lithium niobate crystals exhibit a rich variety of structures and phases. It is established that seven HxLi1−x NbO3 crystalline phases with a lithium niobate structure may form under various conditions of proton exchange and post-exchange annealing. A method is proposed to determine the proton concentration in the various phases identified. Relationships are established between the structural parameters, the proton concentration, and the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices of various HxLi1−x NbO3 crystalline phases. The results can explain various optical phenomena observed in proton-exchanged waveguides and permit prediction of the characteristics of light-guide structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1259243
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