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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-03-01
    Description: Author(s): M. J. Kastoryano, F. Reiter, and A. S. Sørensen We propose a novel scheme for the preparation of a maximally entangled state of two atoms in an optical cavity. Starting from an arbitrary initial state, a singlet state is prepared as the unique fixed point of a dissipative quantum dynamical process. In our scheme, cavity decay is no longer undesir... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 090502] Published Mon Feb 28, 2011
    Keywords: General Physics: Statistical and Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Information, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-01-04
    Description: Author(s): G. F. Reiter, A. I. Kolesnikov, S. J. Paddison, P. M. Platzman, A. P. Moravsky, M. A. Adams, and J. Mayers [Phys. Rev. B 85, 045403] Published Tue Jan 03, 2012
    Keywords: Surface physics, nanoscale physics, low-dimensional systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
  • 4
    Publication Date: 2006-08-05
    Description: Almost every vertebrate cell has a specialized cell surface projection called a primary cilium. Although these structures were first described more than a century ago, the full scope of their functions remains poorly understood. Here, we review emerging evidence that in addition to their well-established roles in sight, smell, and mechanosensation, primary cilia are key participants in intercellular signaling. This new appreciation of primary cilia as cellular antennae that sense a wide variety of signals could help explain why ciliary defects underlie such a wide range of human disorders, including retinal degeneration, polycystic kidney disease, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, and neural tube defects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singla, Veena -- Reiter, Jeremy F -- R21 DK069423/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R21DK69423/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 4;313(5787):629-33.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, and Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0525, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16888132" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bardet-Biedl Syndrome/pathology/physiopathology ; Biological Evolution ; Cell Polarity ; Cilia/*physiology ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Neural Tube Defects/pathology/physiopathology ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases/pathology/physiopathology ; Retinal Degeneration/pathology/physiopathology ; *Signal Transduction ; Smell/physiology ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Vision, Ocular/physiology ; Wnt Proteins/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: Author(s): Alexander I. Kolesnikov, George F. Reiter, Narayani Choudhury, Timothy R. Prisk, Eugene Mamontov, Andrey Podlesnyak, George Ehlers, Andrew G. Seel, David J. Wesolowski, and Lawrence M. Anovitz Water molecules confined in nanochannels exhibit tunneling behavior that smears out the positions of the hydrogen atoms into a pair of corrugated rings. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 167802] Published Fri Apr 22, 2016
    Keywords: Polymer, Soft Matter, Biological, and Interdisciplinary Physics
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2016-03-17
    Description: Cilia have a unique diffusion barrier (“gate”) within their proximal region, termed transition zone (TZ), that compartmentalises signalling proteins within the organelle. The TZ is known to harbour two functional modules/complexes (Meckel syndrome [MKS] and Nephronophthisis [NPHP]) defined by genetic interaction, interdependent protein localisation (hierarchy), and proteomic studies. However, the composition and molecular organisation of these modules and their links to human ciliary disease are not completely understood. Here, we reveal Caenorhabditis elegans CEP-290 (mammalian Cep290/Mks4/Nphp6 orthologue) as a central assembly factor that is specific for established MKS module components and depends on the coiled coil region of MKS-5 (Rpgrip1L/Rpgrip1) for TZ localisation. Consistent with a critical role in ciliary gate function, CEP-290 prevents inappropriate entry of membrane-associated proteins into cilia and keeps ARL-13 (Arl13b) from leaking out of cilia via the TZ. We identify a novel MKS module component, TMEM-218 (Tmem218), that requires CEP-290 and other MKS module components for TZ localisation and functions together with the NPHP module to facilitate ciliogenesis. We show that TZ localisation of TMEM-138 (Tmem138) and CDKL-1 (Cdkl1/Cdkl2/Cdkl3/Cdlk4 related), not previously linked to a specific TZ module, similarly depends on CEP-290; surprisingly, neither TMEM-138 or CDKL-1 exhibit interdependent localisation or genetic interactions with core MKS or NPHP module components, suggesting they are part of a distinct, CEP-290-associated module. Lastly, we show that families presenting with Oral-Facial-Digital syndrome type 6 (OFD6) have likely pathogenic mutations in CEP-290-dependent TZ proteins, namely Tmem17, Tmem138, and Tmem231. Notably, patient fibroblasts harbouring mutated Tmem17, a protein not yet ciliopathy-associated, display ciliogenesis defects. Together, our findings expand the repertoire of MKS module-associated proteins—including the previously uncharacterised mammalian Tmem80—and suggest an MKS-5 and CEP-290-dependent assembly pathway for building a functional TZ.
    Print ISSN: 1544-9173
    Electronic ISSN: 1545-7885
    Topics: Biology
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-11-26
    Description: Entangled states are a key resource in fundamental quantum physics, quantum cryptography and quantum computation. Introduction of controlled unitary processes--quantum gates--to a quantum system has so far been the most widely used method to create entanglement deterministically. These processes require high-fidelity state preparation and minimization of the decoherence that inevitably arises from coupling between the system and the environment, and imperfect control of the system parameters. Here we combine unitary processes with engineered dissipation to deterministically produce and stabilize an approximate Bell state of two trapped-ion quantum bits (qubits), independent of their initial states. Compared with previous studies that involved dissipative entanglement of atomic ensembles or the application of sequences of multiple time-dependent gates to trapped ions, we implement our combined process using trapped-ion qubits in a continuous time-independent fashion (analogous to optical pumping of atomic states). By continuously driving the system towards the steady state, entanglement is stabilized even in the presence of experimental noise and decoherence. Our demonstration of an entangled steady state of two qubits represents a step towards dissipative state engineering, dissipative quantum computation and dissipative phase transitions. Following this approach, engineered coupling to the environment may be applied to a broad range of experimental systems to achieve desired quantum dynamics or steady states. Indeed, concurrently with this work, an entangled steady state of two superconducting qubits was demonstrated using dissipation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Y -- Gaebler, J P -- Reiter, F -- Tan, T R -- Bowler, R -- Sorensen, A S -- Leibfried, D -- Wineland, D J -- England -- Nature. 2013 Dec 19;504(7480):415-8. doi: 10.1038/nature12801. Epub 2013 Nov 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA [2]. ; QUANTOP, The Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. ; National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24270806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2015-11-10
    Description: One of the most important questions in biology is how transcription factors (TFs) and cofactors control enhancer function and thus gene expression. Enhancer activation usually requires combinations of several TFs, indicating that TFs function synergistically and combinatorially. However, while TF binding has been extensively studied, little is known about how combinations of TFs and cofactors control enhancer function once they are bound. It is typically unclear which TFs participate in combinatorial enhancer activation, whether different TFs form functionally distinct groups, or if certain TFs might substitute for each other in defined enhancer contexts. Here we assess the potential regulatory contributions of TFs and cofactors to combinatorial enhancer control with enhancer complementation assays. We recruited GAL4-DNA-binding-domain fusions of 812 Drosophila TFs and cofactors to 24 enhancer contexts and measured enhancer activities by 82,752 luciferase assays in S2 cells. Most factors were functional in at least one context, yet their contributions differed between contexts and varied from repression to activation (up to 289-fold) for individual factors. Based on functional similarities across contexts, we define 15 groups of TFs that differ in developmental functions and protein sequence features. Similar TFs can substitute for each other, enabling enhancer re-engineering by exchanging TF motifs, and TF-cofactor pairs cooperate during enhancer control and interact physically. Overall, we show that activators and repressors can have diverse regulatory functions that typically depend on the enhancer context. The systematic functional characterization of TFs and cofactors should further our understanding of combinatorial enhancer control and gene regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stampfel, Gerald -- Kazmar, Tomas -- Frank, Olga -- Wienerroither, Sebastian -- Reiter, Franziska -- Stark, Alexander -- England -- Nature. 2015 Dec 3;528(7580):147-51. doi: 10.1038/nature15545. Epub 2015 Nov 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, 1030 Vienna, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26550828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Cell Line ; DNA/genetics/metabolism ; Down-Regulation/genetics ; Drosophila melanogaster/genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic/*genetics ; *Gene Expression Regulation/genetics ; Genes, Reporter/genetics ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Luciferases/genetics/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Transcription Factors/*metabolism ; *Transcription, Genetic/genetics ; Up-Regulation/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-12-07
    Description: The centrosome is essential for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function, contacting the plasma membrane and directing cytotoxic granules for secretion at the immunological synapse. Centrosome docking at the plasma membrane also occurs during cilia formation. The primary cilium, formed in nonhematopoietic cells, is essential for vertebrate Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Lymphocytes do not form primary cilia, but we found and describe here that Hh signaling played an important role in CTL killing. T cell receptor activation, which "prearms" CTLs with cytotoxic granules, also initiated Hh signaling. Hh pathway activation occurred intracellularly and triggered Rac1 synthesis. These events "prearmed" CTLs for action by promoting the actin remodeling required for centrosome polarization and granule release. Thus, Hh signaling plays a role in CTL function, and the immunological synapse may represent a modified cilium.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4022134/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4022134/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉de la Roche, Maike -- Ritter, Alex T -- Angus, Karen L -- Dinsmore, Colin -- Earnshaw, Charles H -- Reiter, Jeremy F -- Griffiths, Gillian M -- 075880/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 100140/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- R01 AR054396/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM095941/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01AR05439/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01GM095941/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Dec 6;342(6163):1247-50. doi: 10.1126/science.1244689.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24311692" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/metabolism ; Cell Polarity ; Cells, Cultured ; Centrosome/metabolism ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Hedgehog Proteins/*metabolism ; *Immunological Synapses ; Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Immunological ; Neuropeptides/genetics/metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology/metabolism ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology/metabolism ; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2013-07-20
    Description: Author(s): G. F. Reiter, Aniruddha Deb, Y. Sakurai, M. Itou, V. G. Krishnan, and S. J. Paddison Water confined on the scale of 20 Å, is known to have different transport and thermodynamic properties from that of bulk water, and the proton momentum distribution has recently been shown to have qualitatively different properties from that exhibited in bulk water. The electronic ground state of na... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 036803] Published Fri Jul 19, 2013
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
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