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  • 1
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    Effect of Corn Population and Simazine on Weed Growth 1 (1968)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 1968-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-1962
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0645
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Wiley
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Spokes in Saturn's rings: Dynamical and reflectance properties (1984)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0019-1035
    Electronic ISSN: 1090-2643
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    A dynamical constraint on particulate sizes for Saturn's B ring spokes (1987)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 1987-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0019-1035
    Electronic ISSN: 1090-2643
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
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    Radial growth of an extended spoke in Saturn's B ring (1985)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 1985-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0019-1035
    Electronic ISSN: 1090-2643
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
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    Changes in the Radiometric Sensitivity of SeaWiFS (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: We report on the lunar and solar measurements used to determine the changes in the radiometric sensitivity of the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS). Radiometric sensitivity is defined as the output from the instrument (or from one of the instrument bands) per unit spectral radiance at the instrument's input aperture. Knowledge of the long-term repeatability of the SeaWiFS measurements is crucial to maintaining the quality of the ocean scenes derived from measurements by the instrument. For SeaWiFS bands 1 through 6 (412 nm through 670 rim), the change in radiometric sensitivity is less than 0.2% for the period from November 1997 through November 1998. For band 7 (765 nm), the change is about 1.5%, and for band 8 (865 nm) about 5%. The rates of change of bands 7 and 8, which were linear with time for the first eight months of lunar measurements, are now slowing. The scatter in the data points about the trend lines in this analysis is less than 0.3% for all eight SeaWiFS bands. These results are based on monthly measurements of the moon. Daily solar measurements using an onboard diffuser show that the radiometric sensitivities of the SeaWiFS bands have changed smoothly during the time intervals between lunar measurements. Since SeaWiFS measurements have continued past November 1998, the results presented here are considered as a snapshot of the instrument performance as of that date.
    Keywords: Oceanography
    Type: Applied Optics
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Cross Calibration of SeaWiFS and MODIS Using On-Orbit Observations of the Moon (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-04
    Description: Observations of the Moon provide a primary technique for the on-orbit cross calibration of Earth remote sensing instruments. Monthly lunar observations are major components of the on-orbit calibration strategies of SeaWiFS and MODIS. SeaWiFS has collected more than 132 low phase angle and 59 high phase angle lunar observations over 12 years, Terra MODIS has collected more than 82 scheduled and 297 unscheduled lunar observations over 9 years, and Aqua MODIS has collected more than 61 scheduled and 171 unscheduled lunar observations over 7 years. The NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group s Calibration and Validation Team and the NASA MODIS Characterization Support Team use the USGS RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) photometric model of the Moon to compare these time series of lunar observations over time and varying observing geometries. The cross calibration results show that Terra MODIS and Aqua MODIS agree, band-to-band, at the 1-3% level, while SeaWiFS and either MODIS instrument agree at the 3-8% level. The combined uncertainties of these comparisons are 1.3% for Terra and Aqua MODIS, 1.4% for SeaWiFS and Terra MODIS, and 1.3% for SeaWiFS and Aqua MODIS. Any residual phase dependence in the ROLO model, based on these observations, is less than 1.7% over the phase angle range of -80deg to -6deg and +5deg to +82deg . The lunar cross calibration of SeaWiFS, Terra MODIS, and Aqua MODIS is consistent with the vicarious calibration of ocean color products for these instruments, with the vicarious gains mitigating the calibration biases for the ocean color bands.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    SeaWiFS Technical Report Series (1997)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: For Earth-observing satellite instruments, it was standard to consider each instrument band to have a spectral response that is infinitely narrow, i.e., to have a response from a single wavelength. The SeaWiFS bands, however, have nominal spectral bandwidths of 20 and 40 nm. These bandwidths effect the SeaWiFS measurements on orbit. The effects are also linked to the manner in which the instrument was calibrated and to the spectral shape of the radiance that SeaWiFS views. The spectral shape of that radiance will not be well known on orbit. In this technical memorandum, two source spectra are examined. The first is a 12,000 K Planck function, and the second is based on the modeling results of H. Gordon at the University of Miami. By comparing these spectra, the best available corrections to the SeaWiFS measurements for source spectral shape, plus estimates of the uncertainties in these corrections, can be tabulated.
    Keywords: Oceanography
    Type: NASA-TM-104566 , NAS 1.15:104566 , Rept-97B00059
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    SeaWiFS Technical Report Series (1996)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: For Earth-observing satellite instruments, it was standard to consider each instrument band to have a spectral response that is infinitely narrow, i.e., to have a response from a single wavelength. The Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) bands, however, have nominal spectral bandwidths of 20 and 40nm. These bandwidths affect the SeaWiFS measurements on orbit. The effects are also linked to the manner in which the instrument was calibrated and to the spectral shape of the radiance that SeaWiFS views. Currently, SeaWiFS is calibrated such that the digital counts from each instrument band are linked to the Earth-exiting radiance at an individual center wavelength. Before launch, SeaWiFS will be recalibrated so that the digital counts from each band will be linked to the Earth-exiting radiance integrated over the spectral response of that band. In this technical memorandum, the effects of the instrument calibration and the source spectral shape on SeaWiFS measurements, including the in-band and out-of-band responses, and the center wavelengths are discussed.
    Keywords: Oceanography
    Type: Rept-97B00004-Vol-39-Pt1 , NASA-TM-104566-Vol-39-Pt1 , NAS 1.15:104566-Vol-39-Pt1
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  • 9
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    SeaWiFS Technical Report Series (1996)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This document provides five brief reports that address several quality control procedures under the auspices of the Calibration and Validation Element (CVE) within the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Project. Chapter 1 describes analyses of the 32 sensor engineering telemetry streams. Anomalies in any of the values may impact sensor performance in direct or indirect ways. The analyses are primarily examinations of parameter time series combined with statistical methods such as auto- and cross-correlation functions. Chapter 2 describes how the various onboard (solar and lunar) and vicarious (in situ) calibration data will be analyzed to quantify sensor degradation, if present. The analyses also include methods for detecting the influence of charged particles on sensor performance such as might be expected in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). Chapter 3 discusses the quality control of the ancillary environmental data that are routinely received from other agencies or projects which are used in the atmospheric correction algorithm (total ozone, surface wind velocity, and surface pressure; surface relative humidity is also obtained, but is not used in the initial operational algorithm). Chapter 4 explains the procedures for screening level-, level-2, and level-3 products. These quality control operations incorporate both automated and interactive procedures which check for file format errors (all levels), navigation offsets (level-1), mask and flag performance (level-2), and product anomalies (all levels). Finally, Chapter 5 discusses the match-up data set development for comparing SeaWiFS level-2 derived products with in situ observations, as well as the subsequent outlier analyses that will be used for evaluating error sources.
    Keywords: Oceanography
    Type: NASA-TM-104566-Vol-38 , NAS 1.15:104566-Vol-38 , Rept-96B00114
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  • 10
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    Estimating Residual Uncertainties for Lunar Irradiance Measurements Due to Imaging Acquisition Parameters (2019)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-05-08
    Description: Lunar calibration is a commonly used method to track a climate satellite sensor's long-term radiometric stability. We present a modeling approach to examine the satellite sensor lunar observation uncertainties due to several important aspects related to the lunar image acquisition by the satellite sensor: lunar pixel shift, point spread function (PSF), lunar orientation, pitch, and oversampling rates. Our analyses can be summarized as follows: (1) The sensor observed lunar irradiance can vary due to small lunar pixel shift if the PSF is less than ideal; (2) During lunar calibration, an unstable oversampling rate due to spacecraft control will result in errors in observed lunar irradiance. A drift in oversampling rate would result in a bias in observed lunar irradiance and a random variation in oversampling rate would cause random error in lunar irradiance. Increasing the overall oversampling rates can reduce random error in observed lunar irradiance but would not change the biases in the observation; (3) Furthermore, the biases can vary when the Moon is observed at different orientations. Our results show impacts on observed lunar irradiance are on the order of 0.1 percent, which is a significant part of the overall uncertainty for a lunar irradiance measurement of a climate satellite sensor.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN68097 , Journal of Applied Remote Sensing (ISSN 1931-3195) (e-ISSN 1931-3195); 13; 1; 014508-1-014508-15
    Format: text
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