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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased ion intensity and reliability of the Stockholm electron beam ion sourcea) (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1718-1722 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, produces highly charged ions for injection into the heavy ion storage ring—CRYRING at MSL, as well as low energy atomic physics experiments and the Stockholm–Mainz Penning trap recently installed at MSL. CRYSIS has produced ions up to Ar18+ and 136Xe52+. Pulsed beams of Ar13+ ions 60 μs in duration have been injected into CRYRING via an RFQ and ions of charge up to 136Xe44+ have been used in atomic physics experiments with pulse duration 10–250 ms. A vacuum separation of the cryostat and ionization volumes has been made. Temperature control and measurement of internal electrodes have increased the gas injection efficiency and reduced the memory effect associated with a cryogenic EBIS. External ion injection has been added as an alternative to neutral gas injection for introducing the species to be ionized to high charge states. Monitoring of the radio frequency noise signal with a spectrum analyzer has aided in the propagation of quiet, high current (450 mA) dc electron beams. These quiet electron beams have been used to produce extracted ion pulses of higher intensities than in previous operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144865
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased ion intensity and reliability of the Stockholm electron beam ion source (abstract)a) : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1132-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, produces highly charged ions for injection into the heavy ion storage ring—CRYRING at MSL, as well as low energy atomic physics experiments and the Stockholm–Mainz Penning trap recently installed at MSL. CRYSIS has produced ions up to Ar18+ and 136Xe52+. Pulsed beams of Ar13+ ions 60 μs in duration have been injected into CRYRING via an RFQ and ions of charge up to 136Xe44+ have been used in atomic physics experiments with pulse duration 10–250 ms. A vacuum separation of the cryostat and ionization volumes has been made. Temperature control and measurement of internal electrodes have increased the gas injection efficiency and reduced the memory effect associated with a cryogenic EBIS. External ion injection has been added as an alternative to neutral gas injection for introducing the species to be ionized to high charge states. Monitoring of the radio frequency noise signal with a spectrum analyzer has aided in the propagation of quiet, high current (450 mA) dc electron beams. These quiet electron beams have been used to produce extracted ion pulses of higher intensities than in previous operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145035
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum separation of the ionization volume from the cryostat insulating volume in the Stockholm cryogenic electron-beam ion source : Proceedings of 5th international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1061-1062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The main goal of this project was to increase the reliability of CRYSIS by separating the ionization region from the insulating volume which contains vacuum seals at the cryostat. These volumes are separated with two bellow units installed between the cryostat and both ends of the vacuum vessel. The bellow units contain drift tubes with different fixed temperatures, heat shields, feedthroughs for drift tubes, and a gas delivery tube for gas injection. Preliminary results of tests after CRYSIS vacuum separation are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145062
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative Microchemical and Histochemical Analysis of Elements by X-rays (1946)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 158 (1946), S. 664-665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A METHOD of X-ray absorption analysis has been developed which permits the quantitative determination of elements with low atomic numbers in extremely small quantities of a biological tissue. It is based upon the measurement of the absorption of monochromatic X-ray radiation, within a very ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/158664a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural Organization of Bone (1956)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 178 (1956), S. 494-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Through combined electron microscope and X-ray diffraction studies at high and low angles1-4, the following general picture of the submicroscopic organization of bone can be derived. The fibrous matrix of bone, that is, collagen, appears capable of orienting the hydroxyapatite crystallites in a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/178494b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-angle X-Ray Diffraction of Bone (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 171 (1953), S. 564-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Earlier wide-angle investigations have shown that the c-axis of the hydroxylapatite unit cell is parallel to the fibre axis of the collagen2. This arrangement can also be demonstrated in in vitro experiments3. Longitudinal- and cross-sections of compact [bone from several animals were prepared by ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/171564b0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of immune inhibitor A, a secreted virulence protease from Bacillus thuringiensis (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The gene for the secreted neutral metalloprotease, immune inhibitor A (InA), from Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti has been cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence has been confirmed by partial amino acid sequencing. The central part of the amino acid sequence showed similarity to the active site in thermolysin. Southern and Western blots show that InA-related sequences are common among other B. thuringiensis subspecies. In Western blots, 17 out of 25 tested species gave a positive signal. Culture filtrates from subspecies expressing InA were toxic when injected in Trichoplusia ni larvae, whereas filtrate from a strain negative in Western blot had no effect when injected. The LD50 dose of purified InA protein injected in T. ni larvae was 12.5 ± 2.5 ng per mg of larval body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00575.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Comparison between the X-Ray Absorption and Optical Interference Methods for the Mass Determination of Biological Structures (1953)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 172 (1953), S. 1041-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Section of dog gastric mucosa. (1) X-ray absorption image; contrast We have compared the results obtained by these two methods when applied to a variety of biological structures. Visual comparison between the images in X-ray and interference contrast (using the Dyson microscope made by Cooke, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1721041a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Method for Determining the Weight of Cellular Structures (1949)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 163 (1949), S. 563-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SUBSTITUTION of a continuous spectrum for monochromatic X-rays in the methods now being used for cytochemical elementary analysis1,2 makes it possible to weigh single cell structures when a sufficiently broad band of a continuous X-ray spectrum is used. The effects of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/163563b0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracellular Determination of Protein by X-Ray Microspectrography (1948)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 161 (1948), S. 168-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN a recently published paper1, the possibility of making a determination of intracellular protein in situ was suggested. The analytical procedure was to be based on the binding of phosphotungstic acid by the protein and subsequent determination of the tungsten by X-ray ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/161168a0
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