Publication Date:
2013-08-27
Description:
Early sensory experience instructs the maturation of neural circuitry in the cortex. This has been studied extensively in the primary visual cortex, in which loss of vision to one eye permanently degrades cortical responsiveness to that eye, a phenomenon known as ocular dominance plasticity (ODP). Cortical inhibition mediates this process, but the precise role of specific classes of inhibitory neurons in ODP is controversial. Here we report that evoked firing rates of binocular excitatory neurons in the primary visual cortex immediately drop by half when vision is restricted to one eye, but gradually return to normal over the following twenty-four hours, despite the fact that vision remains restricted to one eye. This restoration of binocular-like excitatory firing rates after monocular deprivation results from a rapid, although transient, reduction in the firing rates of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, which in turn can be attributed to a decrease in local excitatory circuit input onto PV interneurons. This reduction in PV-cell-evoked responses after monocular lid suture is restricted to the critical period for ODP and appears to be necessary for subsequent shifts in excitatory ODP. Pharmacologically enhancing inhibition at the time of sight deprivation blocks ODP and, conversely, pharmacogenetic reduction of PV cell firing rates can extend the critical period for ODP. These findings define the microcircuit changes initiating competitive plasticity during critical periods of cortical development. Moreover, they show that the restoration of evoked firing rates of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons by PV-specific disinhibition is a key step in the progression of ODP.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962838/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962838/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kuhlman, Sandra J -- Olivas, Nicholas D -- Tring, Elaine -- Ikrar, Taruna -- Xu, Xiangmin -- Trachtenberg, Joshua T -- EY016052/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- NS078434/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R00 DA023700/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- R01 EY023871/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS078434/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2013 Sep 26;501(7468):543-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12485. Epub 2013 Aug 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23975100" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Animals
;
*Critical Period (Psychology)
;
Dominance, Ocular/drug effects/*physiology
;
Female
;
Interneurons/cytology/drug effects
;
Lasers
;
Male
;
Mice
;
*Neural Inhibition/drug effects
;
Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects/*physiology
;
Parvalbumins/metabolism
;
Photic Stimulation
;
Sensory Deprivation/physiology
;
Vision, Binocular/drug effects/physiology
;
Vision, Monocular/drug effects/*physiology
;
Visual Cortex/cytology/drug effects/*physiology
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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