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  • 1
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    Comment on "Slow adaptation in the face of rapid warming leads to collapse of the Gulf of Maine cod fishery" (2016)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-23
    Description: Pershing et al (Reports, 13 November, p. 809) concluded that failure to account for temperature in the assessment and management of Gulf of Maine Atlantic cod caused overfishing. We argue that the "extra mortality" calculation driving this conclusion is an artifact. Environmental factors affect all stocks, but attribution of additional mortality to temperature alone by Pershing et al is unsupported by the data.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Palmer, Michael C -- Deroba, Jonathan J -- Legault, Christopher M -- Brooks, Elizabeth N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2016 Apr 22;352(6284):423. doi: 10.1126/science.aad9674.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Population Dynamics Branch, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. michael.palmer@noaa.gov. ; Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Population Dynamics Branch, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27102473" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; *Fisheries ; Gadus morhua/*physiology ; *Global Warming
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Can stock-recruitment points determine which spawning potential ratio is the best proxy for maximum sustainable yield reference points? (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-08-22
    Description: Legault, C. M., and Brooks, E. N. 2013. Can stock–recruitment points determine which spawning potential ratio is the best proxy for maximum sustainable yield reference points? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70: 1075–1080. The approach of examining scatter plots of stock–recruitment (S–R) estimates to determine appropriate spawning potential ratio (SPR)-based proxies for F MSY was investigated through simulation. As originally proposed, the approach assumed that points above a replacement line indicate year classes that produced a surplus of spawners, while points below that line failed to achieve replacement. In practice, this has been implemented by determining F med , the fishing mortality rate that produces a replacement line with 50% of the points above and 50% below the line. A new variation on this approach suggests F MSY proxies can be determined by examining the distribution of S–R points that are above or below replacement lines associated with specific SPRs. Through both analytical calculations and stochastic results, we demonstrate that this approach is fundamentally flawed and that in some cases the inference is diametrically opposed to the method's intended purpose. We reject this approach as a tool for determining F MSY proxies. We recommend that the current proxy of F 40% be maintained as appropriate for a typical groundfish life history.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Risk assessment of cartilaginous fish populations (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-07
    Description: We review three broad categories of risk assessment methodology used for cartilaginous fish: productivity-susceptibility analysis (PSA), demographic methods, and quantitative stock assessments. PSA is generally a semi-quantitative approach useful as an exploratory or triage tool that can be used to prioritize research, group species with similar vulnerability or risk, and provide qualitative management advice. Demographic methods are typically used in the conservation arena and provide quantitative population metrics that are used to quantify extinction risk and identify vulnerable life stages. Stock assessments provide quantitative estimates of population status and the associated risk of exceeding biological reference points, such as maximum sustainable yield. We then describe six types of uncertainty (process, observation, model, estimation, implementation, and institutional) that affect the risk assessment process, identify which of the three risk assessment methods can accommodate each type of uncertainty, and provide examples mostly for sharks drawn from our experience in the United States. We also review the spectrum of stock assessment methods used mainly for sharks in the United States, and present a case study where multiple methods were applied to the same species (dusky shark, Carcharinus obscurus ) to illustrate differing degrees of model complexity and type of uncertainty considered. Finally, we address the common and problematic case of data-poor bycatch species. Our main recommendation for future work is to use Management Strategy Evaluation or similar simulation approaches to explore the effect of different sources of uncertainty, identify the most critical data to satisfy predetermined management objectives, and develop harvest control rules for cartilaginous fish. We also propose to assess the performance of data-poor and -rich methods through stepwise model construction.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Static aerodynamic characteristics of a model of a typical subsonic jet-transport airplane at Mach numbers from 0.40 to 1.20 (1967)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Static aerodynamic characteristics of model of subsonic jet transport aircraft at Mach numbers from 0.40 to 1.20
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT
    Type: NASA-TM-X-1345
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Supersonic flow of nonuniform free-streams past aerodynamic decelerators (1970)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Nonuniform free stream supersonic flow past aerodynamic decelerators, calculating inviscid flow fields by method of characteristics
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 70-1176 , AMERICAN INST. OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS, AERODYNAMIC DECELERATION SYSTEMS CONFERENCE; Sep 14, 1970 - Sep 16, 1970; DAYTON, OH
    Format: text
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