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  • 1
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    Dispersive shock wave interactions and asymptotics (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-14
    Description: Author(s): Mark J. Ablowitz and Douglas E. Baldwin Dispersive shock waves (DSWs) are physically important phenomena that occur in systems dominated by weak dispersion and weak nonlinearity. The Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation is the universal model for systems with weak dispersion and weak, quadratic nonlinearity. Here we show that the long-time-as... [Phys. Rev. E 87, 022906] Published Wed Feb 13, 2013
    Keywords: Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Degenerate thermal isomerizations of bicyclo[3.1.1]heptâ2âene: strategy and analysis (2014)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-14
    Description: Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptâ2âene was first prepared and well identified in 1972. In 1974, the degenerate thermal isomerization involving 1â d â and 3â d âbicyclo[3.1.1]heptâ2âene was approached successfully, as one of the two deuteriumâlabeled structures was selected, heated, and equilibrated. There has been no further study of this degenerate isomerization. Here, a detailed outline of reaction trajectories for d 2 âlabeled bicyclo[3.1.1]heptâ2âenes is given that will establish the four independent kinetic parameters needed for 20 linking paths between six d 2 âspecies. The use of racemates, eliminating chiral separations and dissections, provides degenerate isomerization paths providing this method with general utility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The use of racemic doubly deuteriumâlabeled species can be used to obtain, for the first time, the full set of four unique rate constants for the degenerate rearrangements of d 2 âbicyclo[3.1.1]heptâ2âene. The expectations for deuterium isotope 1 Î effects on 13C NMR chemical shifts are tabulated and show that it can be used to quantify the isotopomers and monitor the reactions as they progress.
    Print ISSN: 0894-3230
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-1395
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
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    Deception down under: is Australia a hot spot for deception? (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-13
    Description: The Australian continent is renowned for its idiosyncratic flora and fauna and high diversity of endemic taxa (e.g., Eucalyptus , marsupials, and monotremes; Braithwaite RW. 1990. Australia’s unique biota: implications for ecological processes. J Biogeogr. 17:347–354.). Given this diversity, it is perhaps not surprising that Australia is a coveted and productive field site for behavioral ecologists worldwide. The prevalence of some unusual animal behaviors is well documented, such as cooperative breeding in birds, low rates of herbivory, and high rates of pollination by vertebrates. However, other behavioral phenomena, especially those involving deception and exploitation, are also remarkably prevalent in some systems and still require comprehensive treatment. We examine 3 distinct forms of deception in entirely different taxa, cuckoos, crab spiders, and orchids, where there is strong evidence that deception is more prevalent in Australia than in other geographic regions. We offer several explanations addressing environmental conditions, evolutionary isolation, the prevalence of behavioral ecologists, and the research culture in Australia. The aim of this "Idea" paper is to draw attention to intriguing patterns of deception in a limited number of well-studied systems and to generate several testable predictions. It is not intended as a thorough review of all deceptive systems, but we hope to stimulate more research, a systematic review, and further testing in this area.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Conserved folding in retroviral proteases: crystal structure of a synthetic HIV-1 protease (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-08-11
    Description: The rational design of drugs that can inhibit the action of viral proteases depends on obtaining accurate structures of these enzymes. The crystal structure of chemically synthesized HIV-1 protease has been determined at 2.8 angstrom resolution (R factor of 0.184) with the use of a model based on the Rous sarcoma virus protease structure. In this enzymatically active protein, the cysteines were replaced by alpha-amino-n-butyric acid, a nongenetically coded amino acid. This structure, in which all 99 amino acids were located, differs in several important details from that reported previously by others. The interface between the identical subunits forming the active protease dimer is composed of four well-ordered beta strands from both the amino and carboxyl termini and residues 86 to 94 have a helical conformation. The observed arrangement of the dimer interface suggests possible designs for dimerization inhibitors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wlodawer, A -- Miller, M -- Jaskolski, M -- Sathyanarayana, B K -- Baldwin, E -- Weber, I T -- Selk, L M -- Clawson, L -- Schneider, J -- Kent, S B -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Aug 11;245(4918):616-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Crystallography Laboratory, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility, MD 21701.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2548279" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; Avian Sarcoma Viruses/enzymology ; Binding Sites ; Crystallization ; *Endopeptidases/chemical synthesis ; HIV Protease ; HIV-1/*enzymology ; Hydrogen Bonding ; Macromolecular Substances ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Structure ; Protein Conformation ; Solutions ; X-Ray Diffraction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Generation of a catalytic antibody by site-directed mutagenesis (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-09-08
    Description: A hybrid Fv fragment of the dinitrophenyl-binding immunoglobulin A (IgA), MPOC315, has been generated by reconstituting a recombinant variable light chain (VL) produced in Escherichia coli with a variable heavy chain (VH) derived from the antibody. The Tyr34 residue of VL was substituted by His in order to introduce a catalytic imidazole into the combining site for the ester hydrolysis. The His mutant Fv accelerated the hydrolysis of the 7-hydroxycoumarin ester of 5-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-aminopentanoic acid 90,000-fold compared to the reaction with 4-methyl imidazole at pH 6.8 and had an initial rate that was 45 times as great as that for the wild-type Fv. The hydrolyses of aminopropanoic and aminohexanoic homologs were not significantly accelerated. Thus a single deliberate amino acid change can introduce significant catalytic activity into an antibody-combining site, and chemical modification data can be used to locate potential sites for the introduction of catalytic residues.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Baldwin, E -- Schultz, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Sep 8;245(4922):1104-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2672338" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4-Dinitrophenol ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites, Antibody ; Catalysis ; Dinitrophenols/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Genes, Synthetic ; Hydrolysis ; Immunoglobulin A/*chemical synthesis/metabolism/pharmacology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Mutation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/*chemical synthesis/metabolism/pharmacology ; Recombinant Proteins/*chemical synthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Nonlinear shallow ocean-wave soliton interactions on flat beaches (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-09-07
    Description: Author(s): Mark J. Ablowitz and Douglas E. Baldwin Ocean waves are complex and often turbulent. While most ocean-wave interactions are essentially linear, sometimes two or more waves interact in a nonlinear way. For example, two or more waves can interact and yield waves that are much taller than the sum of the original wave heights. Most of these s... [Phys. Rev. E 86, 036305] Published Thu Sep 06, 2012
    Keywords: Fluid dynamics
    Print ISSN: 1539-3755
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-2376
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    The Earthquake Cycle in the San Francisco Bay Region: A.D. 1600-2012 (2014)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-06-12
    Description: Stress changes produced by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake had a profound effect on the seismicity of the San Francisco Bay region (SFBR), dramatically reducing it in the twentieth century. Whether the SFBR is still within or has emerged from this seismic quiescence is an issue of debate with implications for earthquake mechanics and seismic hazards. Historically, the SFBR has not experienced one complete earthquake cycle (i.e., the accumulation of stress, its release primarily as coseismic slip during surface-faulting earthquakes, its re-accumulation in the interval following, and its subsequent rerelease). The historical record of earthquake occurrence in the SFBR appears to be complete at about M  5.5 back to 1850 ( Bakun, 1999 ). For large events, the record may be complete back to 1776, which represents about half a cycle. Paleoseismic data provide a more complete view of the most recent pre-1906 SFBR earthquake cycle, extending it back to about 1600. Using these, we have developed estimates of magnitude and seismic moment for alternative sequences of surface-faulting paleoearthquakes occurring between 1600 and 1776 on the region’s major faults. From these we calculate seismic moment and moment release rates for different time intervals between 1600 and 2012. These show the variability in moment release and suggest that, in the SFBR regional plate boundary, stress can be released on a single fault in great earthquakes such as that in 1906 and in multiple ruptures distributed on the regional plate boundary fault system on a decadal time scale.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 8
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    The use of directed metalation reactions in the synthesis of unsymmetrical anthrones and anthraquinones. Synthesis of anthracyclinone precursors (1978)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4039
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3581
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 9
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    Enantiospecific synthesis of (3r, 4r)-3-amino-1-hydroxy-4-methyl pyrrolidin-2-one (l-687,414), an nmda receptor antagonist (1995)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4020
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-5416
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Synthesis of chiral isoxazolidin-5-ones and their applications to the synthesis of β-amino-alanines and β-(N-hydroxyamino)-alanines (1994)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0040-4020
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-5416
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Elsevier
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