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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 53 (1995), S. 1-26 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Al-reiche Spinelle (100Cr/(Cr + Al) 〈 5, Al2O3 〉 50 Gew.%) sind in alpinen Peridotiten, in terrestrischen und lunaren mafischen und ultramafischen Kumulaten und in manchen metamorphen Gesteinen weit verbreitet, aber sie scheinen in terrestrischen, vulkanischen Gesteinen selten zu sein. Wir beschreiben hier das Vorkommen von Al-reichen Spinell-Inklusionen in Olivinkristallen von Inselbogen-Vulkaniten von 5 neuen Lokalitäten: Bukit Mapas (Sumatra) und Ost-Bali im Sunda-Bogen und die Inseln Epi, Merelava und Ambrym im Vanuatu-Bogen. Relativ Cr-reiche Spinelle kommen häufiger auch als Einschlüsse in denselben Olivin-Kristallen vor, und es scheint, daß Chrom-arme Aluminiumspinelle im Ungleichgewicht mit ihren basaltischen Mutterschmelzen stehen. In den untersuchten Gesteinen kommen Al-reiche Spinelle zusammen mit Silikatgläsern und Aluminium-reichen Klinopyroxenen in Schmelzeinschlüssen in Olivinen vor. Diese Assoziation weist auf einen Ursprung hin, der Kontamination durch lokalisierte Al-reiche “pockets” von Schmelze involviert; dies steht im Gegensatz zu einem Ursprung als Xenokristalle. Wir schlagen zwei Mechanismen vor, die diese Aluminium-reiche Schmelze in basaltischen Magmakammern erzeugen können: (1) lokalisierte Produktion von Aluminium-reicher Schmelze durch vollkommene Auflösung von assimilierten gabbroischen Gesteinen aus der unteren Kruste. In diesem Modell kann die Aluminium-reiche Schmelze Al-reiche Spinelle kristallisieren, die dann anschließend als feste Einschlüsse von Phenokristallen in der basaltischen Mutterschmelze eingefangen werden oder als Schmelzeinschlüsse, in denen Al-reiche Spinelle und Al-reiche Klinopyroxene als Tochterphasen kristallisieren. (2) Inkongruenter Zerfall von Amphibol in Amphibol-reichen Kumulaten in Magmakammern unter Inselbögen oder unter OIB-Vulkanen. Die letztgenannte Reaktion erzeugt eine Schmelze mit ungefähr 20–22% Al2O3, Aluminium-haltigen Klinopyroxen, Al-reichen Spinell und Olivin. Mischung zwischen diesen Produkten des Zerfalls von Amphibol und basaltischer Mutterschmelze kann während der ganzen Evolution eines magmatischen Systems stattfinden, aber besonders während der Zufuhr neuer heißer Magnesium-reicher Basalte. Aluminium-haltige Spinelle und Klinopyroxene, die während des Zerfalls von Amphibol entstanden sind oder vielleicht aus einer Aluminium-haltigen Schmelze in derselben Reaktion produziert wurden, werden während der Neuzufuhr in das Magma inkorporiert und im Anschluß daran, zusammen mit den koexistierenden Cr-Spinellen, von kristallisierendem Olivin und Klinopyroxen eingefangen.
    Notes: Summary Al-rich spinels (100Cr/(Cr + Al) 〈 5, Al2O3 〉 50 wt%) are common in alpine peridotites, both terrestrial and lunar mafic and ultramafic cumulates, and in certain metamorphic rocks, but they are apparently rare in terrestrial volcanic rocks. Here we describe the occurrence of Al-rich spinel inclusions in olivine phenocrysts in island arc volcanic rocks from five new localities: Bukit Mapas (Sumatra) and eastern Bali in the Sunda arc, and Epi, Merelava, and Ambrym islands in the Vanuatu arc. More commonly, relatively Cr-rich spinels also occur as inclusions in the saine olivine phenocrysts, and it appears that the Cr-poor aluminous spinels must be in disequilibrium with the host basaltic melts. In the rocks studied, Al-rich spinels also coexist with trapped silicate glasses and highly aluminous clinopyroxene in melt inclusions in olivine. This paragenesis suggests an origin involving contamination by localized Al-rich melt pockets as opposed to a xenocrystic origin. Two mechanisms to produce this high-Al melt in basaltic magma chambers are suggested: (1) localized high-Al melt production by complete breakdown of assimilated lower crustal gabbroic rocks. In this model the high-Al melt may crystallise Al-rich spinels which are subsequently trapped as solid inclusions by phenocryst phases of the host basaltic melt or may be trapped as melt inclusions in which Al-rich spinels and Al-rich clinopyroxene crystallise as daughter phases, and (2) in congruent breakdown of amphibole in amphibole-rich cumulates in sub-arc, or sub-OIB volcano magma chambers. The latter reaction produces a melt with ∼ 20–22% of Al2O3, aluminous clinopyroxene, Al-rich spinel and olivine. Mixing between these amphibole breakdown products and host basaltic melt may occur throughout the evolution of a magmatic system, but particularly during recharge with hot magnesian basalt batches. Aluminous spinels and aluminous clinopyroxene produced during amphibole breakdown, or perhaps crystallised from aluminous melt produced in the saine reaction, are incorporated into the magma during recharge, and subsequently trapped, together with the coexisting Cr-spinels, by crystallising olivine and clinopyroxene.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We describe and model a potential re-equilibration process that can affect compositions of melt inclusions in magnesian olivine phenocrysts. This process, referred to as “Fe-loss”, can operate during natural pre-eruptive cooling of host magma and results in lower FeOt and higher MgO contents within the initially trapped volume of inclusion. The extent of Fe-loss is enhanced by large temperature intervals of magma cooling before eruption. The compositions of homogenised melt inclusions in olivine phenocrysts from several subduction-related suites demonstrate that (1) Fe-loss is a common process, (2) the maximum observed degree of re-equilibration varies between suites, and (3) within a single sample, variable degrees of re-equilibration can be recorded by melt inclusions trapped in olivine phenocrysts of identical composition. Our modelling also demonstrates that the re-equilibration process is fast going to completion, in the largest inclusions in the most magnesian phenocrysts it is completed within 2 years. The results we obtained indicate that the possibility of Fe-loss must be considered when estimating compositions of parental subduction-related magmas from naturally quenched glassy melt inclusions in magnesian olivine phenocrysts. Compositions calculated from glassy inclusions affected by Fe-loss will inherit not only erroneously low FeOt contents, but also low MgO due to the inherited higher Mg##of the residual melt in re-equilibrated inclusions. We also demonstrate that due to the higher MgO contents of homogenised melt inclusions affected by Fe-loss, homogenisation temperatures achieved in heating experiments will be higher than original trapping temperatures. The extent of overheating will increase depending on the degree of re-equilibration, and can reach up to 50 °C in cases where complete re-equilibration occurs over a cooling interval of 200 °C.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2000-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0010-7999
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0967
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0930-0708
    Electronic ISSN: 1438-1168
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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