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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Common features of three inversions in wheat chloroplast DNA (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 343-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA ; tRNA genes ; Gene duplication ; Inversion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have determined the DNA sequences of regions involved in two of the three inversions known to have occurred during the evolution of wheat chloroplast DNA. This establishes the extent of the second largest of the three inversions. Examination of these sequences suggests that although short repeated sequences are present, the endpoints of the second and third inversions are not associated with repeated sequences as long as those associated with the first inversion. However the endpoints of all three inversions are all adjacent to at least one tRNA gene, and there is evidence that three of the tRNA genes have been subjected to partial duplication, possibly at the time of inversion. This suggests that tRNA genes might be involved with rearrangements of chloroplast DNA, as has also been postulated for mitochondrial DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00424430
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The location and possible evolutionary significance of small dispersed repeats in wheat ctDNA (1986)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1986), S. 931-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: T. aestivum ; Chloroplast DNA ; Repeat DNA ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Low-stringency hybridisation between recombinant plasmids representing the complete T. aestivum chloroplast genome has revealed small repeated DNA segments dispersed through the molecule. Thirty-two repeated DNA segments were detected, and they could be divided into 12 unrelated sets; no repeat was detected as multiple copies. The longest of the small repeats mapped just within the large inverted repeat in spinach and mung-bean ctDNAs. It was found to have been duplicated after the divergence of a cereal progenitor to generate a third, dispensible copy, 0.2 kbp downstream of rbcL. In maize at least, this copy has also become integrated, with rbcL, in the mitochondrial genome. Another of the repeats is thought to have mediated a chloroplast DNA inversion (Howe 1985). Thus the diverse collection of small repeats probably represents some consequences and causes of past recombination events as well as a mechanism for further intramolecular ctDNA recombination. Their possible significance in the restructuring and evolution of chloroplast genomes is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00398291
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In wheat ctDNA, segments of ribosomal protein genes are dispersed repeats, probably conserved by nonreciprocal recombination (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 14 (1988), S. 127-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Wheat chloroplast DNA ; Repeated sequences ; Ribosomal protein genes ; Evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Some dispersed repeated sequences and their flanking regions from wheat and maize ctDNAs have been characterized. Two sets of wheat ctDNA repeats were found to be the chloroplast ribosomal protein genesrpl2 andrpl23, plus nonfunctional segments of them, designatedrpl2′ andrpl23′. Pairwise comparisons were made between the wheatrp123 andrpl23′, and the maizerp123′ sequences. The precise patterns of homology suggest that the divergence of the wheat and maize nonfunctional (rpl23′) sequences is being retarded by nonreciprocal recombination, biased by selection for individuals with functional (rpl23) sequences. The implied involvement of these sequences in mechanisms of homologous recombination, and therefore in the creation and spread of new ctDNA variants, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00569336
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of the psbB and psbH genes encoding the 47 kDa chlorophyll a-protein and the 10 kDa phosphoprotein of photosystem II during chloroplast development in wheat (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 199-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Light regulation ; psbN ; Triticum aestivum ; Etioplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequence of a region of wheat chloroplast DNA containing the psbB gene for the 47 kDa chlorophyll a-binding protein of photosystem II has been determined. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 508 amino acid residues which is predicted to contain six hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions. The psbB gene is located 562 bp upstream of the psbH gene for the 10 kDa phosphoprotein of photosystem II. A small open reading frame of 38 codons is located between psbB and psbH, and on the opposite strand the psbN gene, encoding a photosystem II polypeptide of 43 amino acid residues, is located between orf38 and psbH. S1 nuclease mapping indicated that the 5′ ends of transcripts were located 371 and 183 bp upstream of the psbB translation initiation codon. Predominant transcripts of 2.1 kb and 1.8 kb for psbB and 0.4 kb for psbH were present in RNA isolated from etiolated and greening wheat seedlings. Immunodecoration of Western blots indicated that the 47 kDa polypeptide was absent, or present in very low amounts, in dark-grown tissue and accumulated on greening, whereas the 10 kDa polypeptide was present in similar amounts in both dark-grown and greening seedlings. The 10 kDa polypeptide was phosphorylated in vitro by incubating wheat etioplast membranes with [γ3 2P] ATP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336487
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and expression analysis of the plastidic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase coding sequence from potato: circumstantial evidence for the import of hexoses into chloroplasts (1992)
    Springer
    Planta 188 (1992), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Calvin cycle ; Chloroplast ; Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase ; Solanum (chloroplast) ; Sucrose induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A copy DNA encoding the plastid-located isoform of the fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (cp-FBPase) has been cloned from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Sequence analysis reveals a high degree of homology to cp-FBPases from wheat, spinach, andArabidopsis. Analysis of RNA blots shows that the expression of the cp-FBPase is limited to green tissue such as leaf and stem, and is absent from photosynthetically inactive tissue such as roots, tubers and stolons. This provides additional evidence that hexoses or hexose phosphates are imported into amyloplasts of heterotrophic tissues. Incubation of detached leaves of potato in darkness in a sucrosecontaining medium leads to massive accumulation of both starch and transcripts encoding starch biosynthetic enzymes. However, no transcripts encoding the cp-FBPase are detectable under these conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01160706
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localisation of genes for components of photosystem II in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat (1985)
    Springer
    Current genetics 10 (1985), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Pea ; Wheat ; Chloroplast genes ; Photosystem II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The genes for three components of photosystem II have been localised in chloroplast DNA from pea and wheat by hybridisation with gene-internal sequences from spinach chloroplast DNA. In both pea and wheat, the gene for the 51 kDa polypeptide is located close to the genes for cytochrome b-563 and the 15 kDa polypeptide of the cytochrome b-f complex. The genes for the D2 and 44 kDa polypeptides are located close together, approximately 55 kbp from the gene for the 51 kDa polypeptide, in both pea and wheat chloroplast DNA. The location and orientation of the genes for the D2 and 44 kDa polypeptides in wheat chloroplast DNA indicate that the rearrangement of the wheat genome with respect to the spinach genome is the result of at least two inversions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00365629
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A photosystem II polypeptide is encoded by an open reading frame co-transcribed with genes for cytochrome b-559 in wheat chloroplast DNA (1989)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 12 (1989), S. 141-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast DNA ; cytochrome b-559 ; photosystem II ; psbL ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The N-terminal amino acid sequence of a 3.2 kDa photosystem II polypeptide is shown to be identical to that of a polypeptide encoded by an open reading frame of 38 codons (orf38) in wheat chloroplast DNA. Orf38 is located just downstream of the psbE and psbF genes for the polypeptides of cytochrome b-559. Analysis of the transcription of this region of chloroplast DNA shows that psbE, psbF and orf38 are co-transcribed to give a 1.1 kb polycistronic transcript which also contains another open reading frame of 40 codons. The orf38 and orf40 products are hydrophobic polypeptides which are both predicted to span the thylakoid membrane once. Orf38 and orf40 are highly conserved, and map to similar locations adjacent to psbE and psbF, in all organisms from which this region of DNA has been sequenced. We propose that orf38 is named psbL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020499
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental, circadian and light regulation of wheat ferredoxin gene expression (1995)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 27 (1995), S. 293-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: ferredoxin ; PetF gene ; circadian rhythm ; light regulation ; wheat ; Triticum aestivum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genomic clone encoding the precursor of wheat leaf ferredoxin has been isolated and characterised. The uninterrupted PetF gene encodes a polypeptide of 143 amino acid residues, consisting of an N-terminal presequence of 46 amino acid residues and a mature polypeptide of 97 amino acid residues. Southern blot analysis suggests that six copies of the PetF gene are present in the wheat haploid genome. Northern blot analysis has shown that the genes are both developmentally and light regulated in wheat seedlings and provides evidence that a circadian rhythm regulates the steady-state levels of ferredoxin transcripts. The intact wheat gene and several chimeric constructs, containing portions of the 5′-upstream region fused to the β-glucuronidase reporter gene, have been introduced into tobacco plants, but levels of β-glucuronidase activity above background were not detected, suggesting that the 5′-upstream region is unable to function as a promoter in tobacco plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020184
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential gene expression of chloroplast and cytosolic phosphoglycerate kinase in tobacco (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 30 (1996), S. 637-640 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: phosphoglycerate kinase ; chloroplastic isoenzyme ; cytosolic isoenzyme ; organ-specific expression ; light regulation of expression ; tobacco ; Nicotiana tabacum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Northern blot analysis of RNA extracted from leaves of increasing age and different organs, indicates that genes encoding both isoenzymes of tobacco phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK, EC 2.7.2.3) are differentially expressed in a developmental and tissue-specific manner. The genes for both chloroplast PGK (chl-PGK) and cytosolic PGK (cyt-PGK) also show light-modulated gene expression in vivo. In dark-grown developing cotyledonary leaves of tobacco both PGK mRNAs are present, but only the concentration of the chl-PGK mRNA increased on illumination. In contrast, on transfer to darkness, the concentration of both mRNAs decreased in light-grown seedlings and then increased again on resumption of illumination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00049337
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and sequence of a wheat phosphoribulokinase gene (1991)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 17 (1991), S. 167-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: chloroplast ; monocot gene ; phosphoribulokinase ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036823
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