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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1988-11-11
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prochazka, M -- Leiter, E H -- Serreze, D V -- Coleman, D L -- Jackson, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Nov 11;242(4880):945.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3187535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; DNA/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*genetics ; *Genes, Recessive ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Recombination, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-02-16
    Description: The mouse mutant genes obese (ob) and diabetes (db) cause similar obesity-diabetes states in homozygotes. These obesity syndromes are characterized by a more efficient conversion of food to lipid and, once stored, a slower rate of catabolism on fasting. Heterozygous mice, either ob/+ or db/+, survived a prolonged fast significantly longer than normal homozygotes (+/+); this suggests that the heterozygotes exhibited increased metabolic efficiency, a feature normally associated with both homozygous mutants. The existence of this thriftiness trait, if manifested by heterozygous carriers in wild populations, would lend credence to the thrifty gene concept of diabetes. Beneficial effects of normally deleterious genes may have played a role in the development of diabetes-susceptible human populations, as well as having provided the survival advantage that has allowed both the development and successful establishment of species in desert and other less affluent regions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Coleman, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Feb 16;203(4381):663-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/760211" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*genetics/metabolism ; Fasting ; Glucose/metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Insulin/blood ; Mice ; Mice, Obese/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1987-07-17
    Description: A polygenic basis for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice has been established by outcross to a related inbred strain, nonobese normal (NON). Analysis of first and second backcross progeny has shown that at least three recessive genes are required for development of overt diabetes. One, Idd-1s, is tightly linked to the H-2K locus on chromosome 17; another, Idd-2s, is localized proximal to the Thy-1/Alp-1 cluster on chromosome 9. Segregation of a third, Idd-3s, could be shown in a second backcross. Neither Idd-1s nor Idd-2s could individually be identified as the locus controlling insulitis; leukocytic infiltrates in pancreas were common in most asymptomatic BC1 mice. Both F1 and BC1 mice exhibited the unusually high percentage of splenic T lymphocytes characteristic of NOD, suggesting dominant inheritance of this trait. The polygenic control of diabetogenesis in NOD mice, in which a recessive gene linked to the major histocompatibility complex is but one of several controlling loci, suggests that similar polygenic interactions underlie this type of diabetes in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Prochazka, M -- Leiter, E H -- Serreze, D V -- Coleman, D L -- AM 14461/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 27722/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 36175/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jul 17;237(4812):286-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2885918" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*genetics/immunology ; *Genes, Recessive ; Islets of Langerhans/immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; T-Lymphocytes/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 473-474 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Gewichtszunahme bei genetisch oder durch Goldthioglukose induzierter Fettsucht von Mäusen durch Androstanolol oder Testosteron verhindert werden kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 18 (1980), S. 969-979 
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: serine dehydratase ; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ; genetic control ; dietary effects ; fasting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Inbred strains of mice were found to differ with regard to their endogenous activities of the liver enzymes serine dehydratase (SD) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). The strain distribution patterns for the activity of each enzyme were identical. On feeding of high-protein diets or on fasting, the activities of both enzymes were induced in a concordant fashion which suggested the control of both enzymes by a single gene. Genetic analysis established that the induction of both enzymes on feeding of high-protein diets was controlled by a single gene (Sdr-1), whereas the induction of SD, but not of PEPCK, on fasting was controlled by different single gene (Sdr-2). The lack of segregation of the backcross generations with respect to PEPCK activities obtained on fasting precluded the establishment of any association of the response of PEPCK to fasting with either the Sdr-1 or Sdr-2 locus. The strain of mice (BALB/cJ) that had the ability to maximally induce both gluconeogenic enzymes under both dietary treatments failed to survive a fast as long as those strains with less ability to induce. This suggests that the ability to induce key enzymes in gluconeogenesis when food is unavailable is of little consequence with regard to their ability to produce essential nutrients necessary for survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Airway epithelium ; Cell culture ; Square arrays ; Fluid absorption ; Chloride secretion ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cells from the dog's tracheal mucosa formed confluent epithelial sheets in culture. Typical tight junctions separated the apical from the basolateral portion of the cell membrane. The apical portion of the cell contained numerous short microvilli and a pronounced glycocalyx. The basolateral portion of the plasma membrane was unspecialized except for extensive gap junctions between cells. Freeze-fracture showed that the cultured cells lacked the basolateral square (orthogonal) arrays of the original tissue, particles previously implicated in ion transport. Formation of domes indicated the presence of active fluid absorption. Domes appeared between days 4 and 8 of culture and persisted for about 1 week. Cell sheets showed a transepithelial resistance of ≈ 400 Ω·cm2 and a short-circuit current (Isc) of ≈ 5 μA·cm−2. The effects of transport inhibitors indicated that both active Na absorption and active Cl secretion were present. Isc was increased by isoproterenol, prostaglandins E2 and F2α, vasoactive intestinal peptide, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, leukotrienes C4 and D4, and bradykinin. These changes were probably due to stimulation of active Cl secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The level of hepatic δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase varies among inbred strains of mice and is regulated by codominant alleles at the Lv locus. Twenty-two inbred strains have been classified with respect to this locus. Lv is 5±2 recombination units from brown, b, in linkage group VIII. The locus for autosomal glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd-1) has also been assigned to linkage group VIII and is 32±5 units from brown. The order of the loci is Lv-b-Gpd-1. Incidental note is made of linkage between the malic dehydrogenase (Mdh-1) and dilute (d) loci, linkage group II, with 10±3 % recombination between the two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Interactions between mononucleoside and dinucleoside phosphates containing adenine and/or cytosine and L-tryptophan have been studied at low pD by proton magnetic resonance (pmr) spectroscopy. The results of those studies indicate that, despite extensive protonation of ring positions, and resulting electrostatic repulsion, ring stacking does occur between both like and unlike molecules. Geometries for stacked complexes are proposed and the extent of complex formation between L-tryptophan and adenosine or cytidine in 3′ or 5′ esterified positions is discussed qualitatively.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 21 (1987), S. 683-700 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: This study examines the interaction of human low density lipoprotein (LDL) with a select group of biomedical polymers. The adsorption characteristics of LDL on cured filler-free poly(dimethyl Siloxane) (C-PDMS), Biomer, Cardiomat 610, Kraton 1650, poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and glass are presented. Adsorption of LDL to charged hydrophilic glass control surfaces occurred rapidly, reaching plateau concentrations within one minute (0.19 ± 0.01 ug/cm2). Adsorption of LDL to polymer surfaces appeared to be dependent upon both the polymer hydrophobicity (or apolar nature), and flexibility (or dynamic nature) at the interface. Increased surface concentrations were observed for Biomer (0.32 ± 0.01 ug/cm2) as well as other polymers which exhibited both hydrophobic and elastomeric próperties. Temperature changes between 25°C and 37°C were found to significantly influence the surface concentration of LDL on Biomer (0.16 ± 0.01 ug/cm2 at 25°C versus 0.32 ± 0.01 ug/cm2 at 37°C). A lipid core phase transition at 36°C was believed to be responsible for the temperature influence. Preliminary competitive adsorption studies of LDL with albumin (HSA) and serum on silicone surfaces suggests that LDL adsorption occurred rapidly and preferentially (0.25 ± 0.01 ug/cm2 for LDL alone; 0.33 ± 0.01 ug/cm2 for LDL + HSA; 0.15 ± 0.01 ug/cm2 LDL + serum). Preliminary studies on the role of LDL in calcification were not conclusive. It can be concluded that LDL adsorption is dependent upon polymer hydrophobicity, flexibility and temperature. Competitive adsorption experiments suggests that LDL may have substantial influence on protein adsorption.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 65-76 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A comprehensive protocol is presented for the in vivo evaluation of soft tissue foreign body reactions to surgical implants. A number of methods of evaluation and quantitation of the tissue reaction to implants are presented and discussed. A strong plea is made for semi-quantitation of tissue reactions, rather than relying on subjective, qualitative methods.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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