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  • 1
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    Sporozoite vaccine induces genetically restricted T cell elimination of malaria from hepatocytes (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-06-02
    Description: The target of the CD8+ T cell-dependent immunity that protects mice immunized with irradiation-attenuated malaria sporozoites has not been established. Immune BALB/c mice were shown to develop malaria-specific, CD8+ T cell-dependent inflammatory infiltrates in their livers after challenge with Plasmodium berghei sporozoites. Spleen cells from immune BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice eliminated hepatocytes infected with the liver stage of P. berghei in vitro. The activity against infected hepatocytes is not inhibited by antibodies to interferon-gamma and is not present in culture supernatants. It is genetically restricted, an indication that malaria antigens on the hepatocyte surface are recognized by immune T effector cells. Subunit vaccine development will require identification of the antigens recognized by these T cells and a method of immunization that induces such immunity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hoffman, S L -- Isenbarger, D -- Long, G W -- Sedegah, M -- Szarfman, A -- Waters, L -- Hollingdale, M R -- van der Meide, P H -- Finbloom, D S -- Ballou, W R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Jun 2;244(4908):1078-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Infectious Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2524877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies/immunology ; Antibodies, Protozoan/analysis ; Antigens, Protozoan/genetics/immunology ; H-2 Antigens/immunology ; *Immunization ; Interferon-gamma/immunology/pharmacology ; Liver/immunology/*parasitology ; Malaria/*immunology/parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plasmodium berghei/*immunology ; Recombinant Proteins ; Spleen/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/*immunology ; Vaccines/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trends in the incidence and diversity of fungi recovered from urine (1995)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 132 (1995), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Funguria ; Candiduria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The diversity and incidence of fungal organisms recovered from the urine of patients at a tertiary level medical center was examined and compared over time. Mycologic culture records were examined for the 12 months prior to, and following the introduction of fluconazole to the hospital formulary in December 1991. 290 patients with 588 urine cultures from which fungi were recovered provided the database for this study.Candida albicans was the most common organism recovered in these cultures, followed byC. tropicalis, Torulopsis glabrata andC. parapsilosis. C. albicans was recovered alone in the urine of 54.4% of patients with funguria in the initial period and in 49.3% during the second. Funguria withT. glabrata nearly doubled (8.7% versus 17.1%) between these intervals (p〈0.05). Fungal urine cultures in the second period were also noted more frequently to grow multiple organisms (mixed cultures), and to show a greater diversity of species. Review of the prescribing of antifungal agents to these patient groups revealed no clear pattern of prior drug exposure influencing this change. Although introduction of fluconazole at this institution was associated with a trend toward the recovery of a higher frequency of fungi in the urine which are notC. albicans, no direct evidence to implicate the introduction of this important new antifungal as the cause of this phenomenon was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01138598
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