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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A number of specialized facilities have been developed or are under development throughout the world to support research at high magnetic fields in a broad range of science and technology areas. These facilities provide continuous magnetic fields up to 32–35 T and pulsed fields up to 50–70 T for tens of ms periods with fields beyond 100 T for several μs. During the last several years, new laboratories have been planned and are being developed within the United States and Japan with major expansions of facilities occurring in France, The Netherlands, and other countries. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, presently under construction in the United States, will include superconducting magnets (B≤20 T), resistive magnets (B≤25–35 T depending on bore and power), hybrid magnet (B≤45–50 T), and pulsed fields (B≤60–70 T for 100 ms, B≤50–70 T for 10–20 ms and B≤250 T for about 10 μs). These new facilities within the United States and elsewhere will expand the research opportunities at the extremes of parameter space, i.e., magnetic field, ultralow temperatures, and high pressures, for researchers in the life and condensed matter science areas. An overview of the facilities throughout the world will be presented along with a brief discussion of the science opportunities and recent results at the extremes of high magnetic field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 4821-4823 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic susceptibility χ(T) (2≤T≤400 K) and electrical resistivity ρ(T) (2≤T≤300 K) of undoped and Na doped SrRuO3 and CaRuO3 single crystals were measured. These two perovskites are orthorhombic with space group Pbnm. While both of the undoped systems exhibit metallic conductivity, SrRuO3 is ferromagnetic with Tc≤160 K, but CaRuO3 is paramagnetic. When a small concentration of Na (≤12%) replaces Sr in the structure, SrRuO3 becomes an insulator with a depressed ferromagnetic response. In contrast, Na doped CaRuO3 (≤5%) remains metallic with the appearance of antiferromagnetism below 70 K. The dramatic changes in magnetic and transport properties resulting from Na replacement of Sr and Ca reflects the very subtle differences driving the magnetism in SrRuO3 and CaRuO3. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transverse AB-plane magnetoresistivity ρAB (C axis (parallel)H) of (Y1−XPrX)Ba2Cu3O7−δ and YBa2(Cu1−XZnX)3O7−δ thin films and (Y1−XTbX)Ba2Cu3O7−δ thin films and single crystals has been measured as a function of 0.0〈X〈XC, 2 K〈T〈300 K, and 0 T〈H〈20 T. Mean-field upper critical field HC2 and irreversibility field HI phase boundaries have been determined and are discussed in terms of proposed theories. Tb doping of YBa2Cu3O7 reflects an enhanced pinning or "stiffening'' of the vortex system without apparent alteration to TC or the slope of the mean-field normal phase-mixed phase boundary line, dHC2/dT||T=Tc. However, Pr and Zn doping of YBa2Cu3O7 tends to depress both TC and dHC2/dT||T=Tc and shows a "softening'' of the vortex system. This behavior may be understood in terms of the magnitude of the superconducting pair coherence length, which is controlled by doping, and the divergence of the vortex-glass correlation length as it relates to flux line coupling of vortices in the CuO2 planes. These systems are compared with other high TC superconducting systems which possess similar phase boundary properties. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical resistivity ρ(T) and magnetic susceptibility χ(T,H) (1.8≤T≤350 K and 0≤H≤5.5 T) have been measured on single crystals and epitaxial thin films of Y1−xTbxBa2Cu3O7. The Tc is 92 K and irrespective of Tb doping up to x=0.50. For T(approximately-greater-than)Tc, ρ(T) has a linear dependence, i.e., ρ(T)≈A+BT, with the reduced resistivity ρ(T)/ρ(250 K) for x=0.10, 0.25, and 0.50, being independent of Tb doping. The results of magnetic susceptibility along with the computation of effective moment of Tb in the presence of crystal electric fields (CEF) tend to suggest that the Tb is mixed valent. The insensitivity of Tc to the Tb doping and the possibility that Tb may be mixed valent are in sharp contrast to the case of Pr and Ce doping which have been shown to be very deleterious to superconductivity. The magnetic susceptibility χ(T) is extremely anisotropic, and this anisotropy cannot be explained by simple models with CEF effects.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic susceptibility χ(parallel)(H(parallel)b), χ⊥(H⊥b) (2≤T≤700 K) and electrical resistivity ρ(T) (2≤T≤300 K) of single crystal Na2Ru4O9−δ (δ≥0) with various oxygen content were measured. The crystal structure of this compound is monoclinic with single, double, and triple chains along the b axis. The most striking feature of this compound is the drastically large anisotropy reflected in the resistivity which exhibits metallic behavior along chains and semiconducting behavior perpendicular to the chains. The resistivity ratio for these two directions (ρ⊥/ρ(parallel)) is larger than 105. This ratio is exceptionally large, indicating that the anisotropy of the bandwidth is substantial. It is remarkable that, after reduction of oxygen content in the system, the magnetic susceptibility undergoes a drastic change, whereas the electrical resistivity along the conducting chains is altered only slightly. It is argued that the different sensitivity to oxygen content reflected in magnetic and transport properties may be attributed to the complexity of the crystal structure. The striking observations presented here may suggest a one-dimensional system that possesses unique physical properties. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6748-6750 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of an isolated ferromagnetic bond of coupling constant K embedded in a layered spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet with interplane coupling strength J⊥=αJ(parallel) (0≤α≤1.0) have been studied using linear-spin-wave (LSW) theory. In the pure lattice, the sublattice magnetization 〈Szi〉 is 0.304 at α=0 and saturates to 0.422 at α=1.0. The spin correlations 〈SxiSxj〉 decrease with increasing α within the plane and increase along the interplane direction. The introduction of an isolated ferromagnetic bond into the host lattice tends to enhance 〈Szi〉 at lattice sites joining the bond as K approaches zero. Increasing K will drastically suppress 〈SxiSxj〉 across the bond. Whereas, 〈SxiSxj〉 is enhanced between the neighboring sites close to the impurity link resulting in the suppression of 〈Szi〉. This behavior persists for all α values. The LSW theory breaks down at a certain K value. Increasing α, the critical value of K extends to a larger number.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 4376-4378 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CePb3 has been shown to be a heavy-fermion antiferromagnetic system with a Neél temperature, TN=1.1 K, and CeSn3 is a mixed valent system with considerable f-spd hybridization. Studies of pseudobinary alloys from CePb3 to CeSn3 provide an excellent opportunity to examine systematically the evolution of physical properties as the f-spd hybridization increases and the heavy-fermion state is suppressed. Measurements of the temperature dependence of the resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat for the pseudobinary alloy Ce(Pb1−xSnx)3 are presented and discussed. Some features obtained from this study are that, upon substitution of Sn for Pb in CePb3, the electronic specific-heat coefficient and low-temperature magnetic susceptibility display a monotonic variation with increasing x and TN is rapidly suppressed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 4355-4357 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: USn3 is a highly enhanced paramagnet that is very near a magnetic instability, and UPb3 has an antiferromagnetic transition at 31.3 K. As Sn is substituted for Pb in U(Sn1−xPbx)3, the Néel temperature, TN, initially increases to 38 K at x=0.7, then decreases, and appears to go to zero for x(approximately-less-than)0.1. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility for 0≤x≤1.0 and 119Sn Mössbauer spectra for 0≤x≤0.98 have been measured. The Mössbauer spectra indicate that the antiferromagnetic structure for the Pb-rich pseudobinary alloys is not type I as previously reported. As x decreases, at least two, and possibly four, distinct Sn hyperfine field sites are found. The saturation hyperfine fields at the Sn sites do not show as pronounced a variation with concentration as is seen in TN. For larger x the saturation hyperfine fields are independent of x, which suggests that the U magnetic moments are nearly constant for the Pb-rich pseudobinary alloys, and then drop rapidly to zero at the magnetic instability. The fraction of Sn sites seeing a particular hyperfine field is observed to vary monotonically across the series.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 6223-6225 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: SrRuO3 is an itinerant ferromagnet with TC=165 K and CaRuO3 is a metallic paramagnet down to at least 30 mK. These materials are known to be narrow d-band metals, the physical properties of which are highly sensitive to small perturbations such as chemical doping. In this article, we report results of resistivity, specific heat, and magnetic susceptibility measurements on Na doped SrRuO3 and CaRuO3. Resistivity measurements show a change from metallic to nonmetallic behavior for Na concentration of 12% with the ferromagnetic ordering temperature depressed in Sr1−xNaxRuO3. The nonmetallic behavior in the x=0.12 sample is supported by specific heat measurements which are suggestive of a partial opening of an energy gap and brings into question the role of itineracy in the magnetic ground state. Ca1−xNaxRuO3, with x=0.00, 0.05, and 0.09, remains metallic and shows no evidence of long range magnetic order for all x. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility χ(T) and heat capacity C(T), the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization M(T,H), and neutron diffraction have been measured in the tetravalent perovskite system BaPrO3. A clear anomaly, observed in C(T), χ(T), and neutron scattering data at 11.7 K is attributed to antiferromagnetic alignment of Pr. Magnetization indicates that this ordering is insensitive to magnetic fields with TN being independent of H for H〈12 T. High-field isotherms show an upward kink in slope at 12.7 T independent of temperature for T〈9.5 K, suggestive of a spin reorientation transition. 119Sn Mössbauer data for BaPr0.95Sn0.05O3 indicate a quadrupole splitting at 300 K that broadens below TN due to a hyperfine field.
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