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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biasing of closed double null poloidal divertor plates on TdeV
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 163 (1992), S. 204-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0375-9601(92)90409-F
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liposomes from mammalian liver mitochondria are more polyunsaturated and leakier to protons than those from reptiles
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and 108 (1994), S. 181-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-0491
    Keywords: Amphibolurus vitticeps ; Basal metabolic rate ; Docosahexaenoic acid ; Evolution of endothermy ; Mitochondria ; Proton conductance ; Rattus norvegicus
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0305-0491(94)90064-7
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method to distinguish microbial acclimation from reduced growth rates in perturbed ecosystems (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 62 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Predicting variations in microbial growth rates (μ) in Nature requires a method that will detect departures from optimal μ, determine the time scale at sub-optimal μ, and measure the restoration or reversibility toward optimal μ. Isotopic flux measurements are equivocal because of uncertainties in their relationship to μ, particularly in non-steady state condictions. After perturbing a natural microbial community and a clone of the phytoplankter Selenastrum capricornutum with two different toxicants, we examined the kinetics of the adenylate energy charge, and followed changes in biomass over time with the total adenylate and chlorophyll a concentrations. We determined that exposure to cadmium resulted in a reduction in μ; reversible within a short time, whereas exposure to the industrial effluent caused an exponential loss of adenylates and complete inhibition of growth. Upon perturbing a microbiol community, the study of adenylate energy charge kinetics detects departures from optimal μ, measures their duration and reversibility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03666.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a bacterial biofilm on intensive Daphnia culture
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Aquacultural Engineering 7 (1988), S. 21-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 0144-8609
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8609(88)90036-2
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Membrane fatty acid composition of tissues is related to body mass of mammals (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 148 (1995), S. 27-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Mammals ; Allometry ; Cell membranes ; Phospholipid ; Fatty acids ; Polyunsaturation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Phospholipids were extracted from tissues (heart, skeletal muscle, kidney cortex, liver and brain) of mammals representing a 9,000-fold range in body mass (mouse, rat, rabbit, sheep and cattle) and their fatty acid composition was determined. In heart, skeletal muscle and kidney cortex, there were significant allometric decreases in the Unsaturation Index (UI; average number of double bonds per 100 fatty acid molecules) with increasing body mass. There were significant inverse allometric relationships between body mass and the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (22∶6ω3) in heart and skeletal muscle. In heart, skeletal muscle and kidney cortex, larger mammals also had shorter fatty acid chains in their phospholipids and a higher proportion of monounsaturates. In liver, smaller mammals had a higher UI than larger mammals (except the rabbit, which had the lowest UI and very low proportions of ω3 fatty acids). The brain of all mammals maintained a high UI with similar levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially 22∶6ω3. Our results suggest that in heart, skeletal muscle and kidney cortex the activity of the elongases and desaturases are reduced in large mammals compared to small mammals. The allometric trends in membrane composition may be involved in modifying membrane permeability. It is proposed that the elevated degree of polyunsaturation in the membranes of several tissues from small mammals is related to their higher metabolic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234153
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Détection à l'aide d'un bio-essai (Selenastrum capricornutum) des répercussions d'un rejet minier sur l'environnement aquatique: toxicité ou enrichissement en substance essentielle? (1984)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 114 (1984), S. 39-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: mining wastes ; algal bioassay ; limiting nutrients ; impact studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Physical and chemical studies and algal bioassays were conducted to assess the repercussions on waterways receiving the treated effluent wastes of an iron ore mining operation located in north-eastern Quebec, Canada. In the area directly below waste input, conductivity, turbidity, suspended solids, nitrite + nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus levels, as well as algal growth potential generally displayed higher values than elsewhere. With these parameters only, however, no perceptible mining impact on two major receiving waterways (aux Pékans and Moisie rivers) could be shown, except for nitrite + nitrate nitrogen values in the aux Pékans River. The presence of heavy metals did not result in any toxic effects as indicated by bioassays conducted with S. capricornutum. These tests when carried out on samples collected during low water levels, spiked with nitrogen + phosphorus, as well as with modified AAP medium, clearly indicated the contribution of the mining wastes to the enrichment of the receiving waters. This effect was linked to essential element other than nitrogen or phosphorus. For samples collected during high water levels, it is suspected that the increased presence of organic matter interferes by complexation of trace metals. Cautious interpretation of results is therefore recommended when using algal bioassays in order to distinguish between effects of growth-limiting essential element and the presence of toxic substances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016600
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytoplankton recovery responses at the population and community levels in a hazard and risk assessment study (1989)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 188-189 (1989), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: effluent ; toxicity ; recovery ; algae ; population ; community
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Both structural and functional relationships were investigated in experiments using S. capricornutum populations and an indigenous microbial community. Our aims were to diagnose cellular stress and to predict recovery during exposures to a chlor-alkali effluent. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that the effluent was toxic at concentrations greater or equal to 4%, v/v. It appears that during the exposure period, the functional parameters, particularly the intracellular adenylates ratios were reliable in predicting algal population recovery. On the other hand, the river gradient experiments failed to demonstrate a toxic effect on community structure over the time scale studied. Functional parameters revealed a significant effect on photosynthetic activity while adenylate energy charge was an insensitive indicator. Finally, our results tend to demonstrate that functional responses, particularly intracellular adenylates ratios (ATP/cell; ATP/AMP) are appropriate to predict recovery responses to a toxicant at the population and community levels. This would prove useful in enhancing the ecological significance of toxicity tests in hazard assessment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00027792
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasticity of the properties of mitochondria from rainbow trout red muscle with seasonal acclimatization (1997)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 16 (1997), S. 531-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: mitochondria ; muscle ; thermal acclimatization ; fish ; substrate preferences ; phospholipid fatty acid composition ; oxidative capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cold-acclimation of rainbow trout brings only limited changes in muscle metabolic capacities, but marked modifications in membrane composition. Thus, we examined whether the functional properties of mitochondria from trout red muscle were modified by seasonal temperature acclimatization. Mitochondria from fall-acclimatized trout had higher maximal capacities (state 3 rates) for the oxidation of pyruvate and acyl carnitines at 12 and 20 °C than mitochondria isolated from summer-acclimatized trout. For these substrates, the increased oxidative capacity completely compensated for the seasonal drop in temperature. Pyruvate and palmitoyl carnitine were consistently the preferred substrates, while decanoyl and octanoyl carnitine were oxidized at higher rates than glutamine, particularly in fall trout. State 4 rates of oxygen uptake (obtained when all ADP has been converted to ATP) differed less among substrates, but varied seasonally. State 4 rates at 12 and 20 °C were higher in mitochondria isolated from fall than summer trout. At low temperatures, the Q10 of both maximal and state 4 rates of substrate oxidation tended to be higher for mitochondria from fall trout. The apparent Arrhenius activation energy (Ea) for mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation was higher in fall than summer trout whereas the Ea’s for palmitoyl carnitine and decanoyl carnitine oxidation did not change. The fatty acids of mitochondrial phospholipids from fall trout were more polyunsaturated than those from summer trout, with 12% more double bonds occurring than in summer trout, suggesting that membrane restructuring may be involved in the observed compensatory responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007708826437
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal changes in tissue metabolic capacities of wild Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (L.), from Newfoundland (1999)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 20 (1999), S. 181-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: fish ; white muscle ; aerobic metabolism ; anaerobic metabolism ; growth rate ; seasons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We used biochemical indicators to assess the physiological status of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) sampled at different sites and times along the Newfoundland coast. The physiological status of cod changed more with time of sampling and size of the cod than with the site of sampling. The levels of muscle glycolytic enzymes and proteins suggest that cod from both near shore and offshore environments experienced the most favorable conditions in late summer and early fall. In small cod sampled near shore, increases in muscle aerobic capacity and protein contents accompanied the decrease in temperature from September to December. The positive allometry of muscle glycolytic capacities was more apparent in samples obtained in early winter than at other times, suggesting that the energetic status of cod affects the expression of this allometric relationship. On the other hand, a negative allometry of muscle aerobic capacities was apparent throughout the study. Reproductive maturity had few effects upon the biochemical parameters measured and tended to favor mature over immature cod. Our results suggest that cod in these areas were only growing in fall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007747600759
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic correlates of burst swimming capacity of juvenile and adult threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1999), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Key words Burst swimming ; Allometry ; Metabolic capacities ; Stickleback ; Fish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between burst swimming performance and muscle metabolic capacities was examined in juvenile and adult threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). The absolute burst speed measured during startle responses increased markedly with growth of juveniles, but this positive allometry did not continue in adults. The allometry of phosphofructokinase (PFK), lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase activities and protein concentrations was positive in juveniles and became negative in adults. The lower activities in adults may reflect the mobilization of muscle proteins for reproduction. In juveniles, absolute burst swimming and muscle glycolytic capacity show a similar allometry. However, when the influence of factors such as size and age was removed by calculating residuals from multiple regressions, variation in muscle enzyme activities in juveniles did not explain variation in their swimming capacity. In adults, interindividual variation in PFK and cytochrome C oxidase activities was correlated with variation in the burst swimming capacity. Apparently, mobilization of muscle proteins in support of reproduction may lead muscle enzyme levels to limit burst performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003600050201
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