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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Germination of Dictyostelium discoideum spores. A phosphorus-31 NMR analysis (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 27 (1988), S. 8199-8203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00421a032
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore swelling in Dictyostelium is a dynamic process mediated by calmodulin (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 115 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Spore swelling is a necessary prelude to the emergence of amoebae during spore germination in Dictyostelium discoideum. Previous work has shown that the initiation of this event requires the activity of the calcium-dependent regulatory protein calmodulin. In this study, the use of trifluoperazine, an inhibitor of calmodulin function, has shown that calmodulin activity is required throughout the swelling phase. When fully swollen spores were treated with trifluoperazine they rapidly returned to the same size and shape observed prior to swelling. These data suggest that spore swelling in D. discoideum is a dynamic process which is mediated by calmodulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06628.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cystein proteinase changes during macrocyst formation in Dictyostelium mucoroides (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 72 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cystein proteinases were detected in vegetative myxamoebae of Dictyostelium mucoroides DM7 using chromogenic substrates and by electrophoretic analysis (gelatin-SDS-PAGE) which revealed three enzymes. dmCP30, dmCP35 and dmCP46 (a minor form). During the initial stages of macrocyst formation the cysteine proteinases were secreted and disappeared almost completely from the cells. High extrcellular levels of activity towards N-benzoyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-aginine 4-nitroanilide and of dmCP30 persisted throughout macrocyst development. Three new intracellular proteinases, dmCP31, dmCP36 and dmCP40, were produced as macrocysts formed but their activity was only detected by gelatin-SDS-PAGE. Their appearance was specific to the developmental pathway leading to macrocyst formation. This is the first direct evidence for the accumulation of cysteine proteinases during a developmental process in a cellular slime mould.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03880.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RasG protein accumulation occurs just prior to amoebae emergence during spore germination in Dictyostelium discoideum (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 117 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract RasG protein levels in dormant and germinating spores of Dictyostelium discoideum strains JC1 and SG1 were estimated by Western blotting. Ras Glevels were very low in dormant spores and remained low during the lag period, regardless of whether spores were heat activated or treated with autoactivator during the early stages of spore germination. RasG levels increased late during spore swelling just prior to the emergence stage of germination. These data are consistent with a requirement for RasG during vegetative growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06782.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of arabitol formation in Schizophyllum commune development (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 78 (1971), S. 128-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Dikaryotic cells of S. commune synthesized polyols throughout the life cycle when grown on glucose, cellobiose, or cellulose. Basidiospores contained arabitol and mannitol which were depleted during germination. The mannitol content of the young germlings rose to normal levels within a day; arabitol accumulation remained depressed for 5 to 7 days and then returned to normal levels characteristic of vegetative cells. Individual homokaryons differed in their production of intracellular polyols, which, unlike germlings, remained constant with cultural age. Homokaryon (str. 699) produced low levels of arabitol but high levels of glycerol while another homokaryon (str. 845) was the reverse. Mixtures of these homokaryons as well as the dikaryon (699×845) produced arabitol and glycerol levels intermediate between the parent homokaryons. High concentrations of glucose did not change the nature of the polyols produced. Arabitol formation could be induced prematurely in germlings or elevated in the dikaryon by growth on acetate or ethanol. Both homokaryons responded to growth on acetate with elevated arabitol production; acetate induction of arabitol formation was repressed in all types of cells if glucose were added simultaneously with acetate. Maltose, cellobiose, and trehalose also stimulated arabitol formation in young germlings, suggesting that glucose repression was the cause of decreased arabitol formation in basidiospore germlings. There was no correlation between the formation of arabitol and the derepression of isocitrate lyase or change in specific activities of alkaline and acid phosphatase in germlings grown on various carbon sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00424869
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of altered glycosylation on the characteristics of lysosomal trehalase in Dictyostelium discoideum (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 154 (1990), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium ; Trehalase ; Glycosylation ; Tunicamycin ; Lysosomal ; Spore germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The trehalase I of Dictyostelium discoideum exhibits characteristics of a typical lysosomal enzyme. The enzyme is glycosylated and carries a number of negatively charged components which cause it to be a very acidic protein. Strain M31, bears a recessive mutation mod A which alters the post-translational modification of several lysosomal enzymes including trehalase. A direct consequence of this mutation is a reduction of the negatively charged components on lysosomal enzymes. This reduction in negativity is observed in the altered chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour of M31 trehalase. Trehalase I is synthesized during spore germination. Tunicamycin prevents the formation of recoverable trehalase from germinating spores but does not interfere with the germination process. These results indicate that the trehalase I synthesized during spore germination is not required for the successful completion of spore germination. Minor modification in the glycosylation, as seen in strain M31, does not affect the enzymatic activity. However, when glycosylation is greatly reduced by tunicamycin the enzyme is inactive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248959
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spore germination in Dictyostelium discoideum (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 108 (1976), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium discoideum ; Spore germination ; Dimethyl sulfoxide ; Activation ; Cellular slime mold
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mutant spores of Dictyostelium discoideum, strain SG-10, differ from wild type spores in their ability to spontaneously germinate, to be activated with 5% dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), and to be deactivated with 0.2 M sucrose. Both heat-activated wild type and mutant spores began to swell after a lag of 60–75 min at ambient temperature. Suspension of heat activated spores in 5% DMSO resulted in blockage of spore swelling and a concomitant severe inhibition of respiration; removal of 5% DMSO allowed resumption of respiration and the spores began to swell after a lag of only 15 min. It was concluded that 5% DMSO allowed the early reactions (M) to proceed but blocked the later reactions (R) of post-activation lag. Treatment of one day old spores with 20% DMSO solution for 30–120 min quantitatively activated the population. The post-activation lag time was directly dependent on the time of 20% DMSO treatment. Spores activated with 20% DMSO treatment could be deactivated by incubation at 0°C; the spores most quickly deactivated at 0°C were those within 10 min of swelling. Mitochondrial transport inhibitors such as azide and cyanide caused deactivation in an analogous manner. It is hypothesized that spores proceed to the second portion of the lag phase called (R) before the environment determines if dormancy is reimposed or if germination will proceed. The sensitive strain (SG-10) showed a greater degree of “damage” than the wild type after supraoptimal treatment with 40% DMSO. The spores became more resistant with age to the “damaging” action of 40% DMSO. All the observed effects of DMSO treatment were compatible with our multistate model of activation which suggests that the early portion of the lag phase (M) may involve a relative uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation while the later portion (R) may require tight coupling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425097
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of proteolytic enzymes during Dictyostelium discoideum spore germination (1984)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Dictyostelium discoideum ; Spores ; Germination ; Cathepsin B ; Cathepsin D ; Leucine aminopeptidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The specific activity of cathepsin B-like, cathepsin D-like, and leucine aminopeptidase enzymes was measured in dormant, aging, and germinating spores of wild-type and mutant Dictyostelium discoideum. The activity of leucine aminopeptidase was relatively constant during spore aging and spore germination. The level of cathepsin D-like activity was highest in young dormant spores but decreased during germination or aging. The level of cathepsin B-like activity remained constant in wild-type spores which were aged for 13 days. The dormant spores of spontaneous germination mutants initially contained low levels of cathepsin B-like activity which increased during aging. Thus, there was no correlation between the level of endogenous cathepsin B activity and the ability to be autoactivated or heat-activated. The level of cathepsin B-like activity does not have a role in the generation of energy for the swelling stage of germination. Finally, the combined level of endogenous and exogenous cathepsin B activity increased more than 20-fold during the emergence of myxamoebae suggesting that the enzyme(s) may play a role at this development stage of germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414544
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal control of autoactivator synthesis and secretion during spontaneous spore germination in Dictyostelium discoideum (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 152 (1989), S. 44-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Autoinhibitor ; Autoactivator ; Heat shock ; Protein synthesis ; Dictyostelium discoideum ; Spore ; Germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract SG mutant and aged wild type spores of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum germinate in the absence of an externally applied activation treatment. This type of germination is referred to as autoactivation. During the swelling stage of autoactivation, spores release a factor, the autoactivator, capable of stimulating germination in subsequent spore populations. The autoactivator was not present in the dormant spore, but it or a precursor was produced internally during the first hour of autoactivation. This production was sensitive to moderately high temperatures (+31° C) and was completely destroyed by heat activation (45° C for 30 min). Internal production of the autoactivator was not sensitive to protein synthesis inhibitors. However, the release of the activator from the spore appeared to be regulated by protein synthesis. Internal autoactivator was also produced in the aged wild type strain during the postautoactivation lag phase. The activator could not be directly isolated from within the germinating spore. Its activity on the rest of the spore population was dependent upon its release from the germinating spore. A model is presented integrating the effects of heat, cycloheximide, autoinhibitor and autoactivator on spores of D. discoideum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00447010
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cysteine proteinase changes during microcyst formation and germination inPolysphondylium pallidum (1991)
    Springer
    Current microbiology 22 (1991), S. 59-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Microcyst formation inPolysphondylium pallidum WS320 was accompanied by a decrease in intracellular cysteine proteinase activity measured with the peptide nitroanilides Z-Arg-Arg-Nan and Bz-Pro-Phe-Arg-Nan. Some activity was released into the buffer, and secretion of that towards Z-Arg-Arg-Nan continued until encystment occurred. Cells grown in association withEscherichia coli had an electrophoretic proteinase pattern different from cells grown axenically. Microcysts formed from the two cell populations also had distinct proteinase patterns; those from bacterially grown cells retained significant quantities of proteinase ppCP22, whereas those derived from axenic cells were devoid of detectable proteinases. No significant changes in cysteine proteinase activities were observed during microcyst germination, although some changes in activity occurred subsequent to emergence. The results indicate that there is not a close correlation between particular cysteine proteinases and specific stages of microcyst formation. Intracellular proteinase loss and concomitant secretion are, however, processes typical of cellular slime molds developing in response to starvation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02106214
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