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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Synthesis, Structure-Activity, and Structure-Side Effect Relationships of a Series of 8-Alkoxy- and 5-Amino-8-alkoxyquinolone Antibacterial Agents (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 38 (1995), S. 4478-4487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00022a013
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluoroquinolones: relationships between structural variations, mammalian cell cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 35 (1992), S. 4745-4750 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00103a013
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  • 3
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    Cities in developing countries: 1975-2000 (1976)
    Washington, D.C. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Finance and Development. 13:1 (1976:Mar.) 12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0015-1947
    Topics: Economics
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:e355-1976-013-01-000006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Myth of the Expanding Centre —Politics in the Ivory Coast (1973)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @journal of modern African studies 11 (1973), S. 227-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-278X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Political Science , Economics
    Notes: A COMMON premise in the study of central–local relations in new states is the belief that governments attempt to extend their authority into most areas of socio–economic and political life. By exerting influence within a variety of distinct spheres of activity throughout the national territory, central authorities are supposed to create connections between national institutions and potential arenas for the exercise of central power. These ‘structures’, such as local administration, political parties, schools, and programmes as diverse as agricultural extension and family planning, are intended to be the orgartisational skeleton of the new state. Their success in relating central authority to specific localities, political movements, and development problems is supposed to indicate the degree of institutionalisation of a regime and its level of development.1 Observers of this process examine the ‘penetration’ of public policy into local areas, the expansion of the influence of central authority on traditional political and administrative arrangements, and the gradual incorporation of the ‘periphery’ into the process of decision-making at the ‘centre’. While differing in form and content across national boundaries, the ‘crisis of penetration’ is understood to be a common experience in the political development of new states.2
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X00008302
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural control of interlimb oscillations (1997)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 77 (1997), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. How do humans and other animals accomplish coordinated movements? How are novel combinations of limb joints rapidly assembled into new behavioral units that move together in in-phase or anti-phase movement patterns during complex movement tasks? A neural central pattern generator (CPG) model simulates data from human bimanual coordination tasks. As in the data, anti-phase oscillations at low frequencies switch to in-phase oscillations at high frequencies, in-phase oscillations occur at both low and high frequencies, phase fluctuations occur at the anti-phase in-phase transition, a “seagull effect” of larger errors occurs at intermediate phases, and oscillations slip toward in-phase and anti-phase when driven at intermediate phases. These oscillations and bifurcations are emergent properties of the CPG model in response to volitional inputs. The CPG model is a version of the Ellias-Grossberg oscillator. Its neurons obey Hodgkin-Huxley type equations whose excitatory signals operate on a faster time scale than their inhibitory signals in a recurrent on-center off-surround anatomy. When an equal command or GO signal activates both model channels, the model CPG can generate both in-phase and anti-phase oscillations at different GO amplitudes. Phase transitions from either in-phase to anti-phase oscillations, or from anti-phase to in-phase oscillations, can occur in different parameter ranges, as the GO signal increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050374
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural control of interlimb oscillations (1997)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 77 (1997), S. 141-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Behavioral data concerning animal and human gaits and gait transitions are simulated as emergent properties of a central pattern generator (CPG) model. The CPG model is a version of the Ellias-Grossberg oscillator. Its neurons obey Hodgkin-Huxley type equations whose excitatory signals operate on a faster time scale than their inhibitory signals in a recurrent on-center off-surround anatomy. A descending command or GO signal activates the gaits and triggers gait transitions as its amplitude increases. A single model CPG can generate both in-phase and anti-phase oscillations at different GO amplitudes. Phase transitions from either in-phase to anti-phase oscillations or from anti-phase to in-phase oscillations can occur in different parameter ranges, as the GO signal increases. Quadruped vertebrate gaits, including the amble, the walk, all three pairwise gaits (trot, pace, and gallop), and the pronk are simulated using this property. Rapid gait transitions are simulated in the order – walk, trot, pace, and gallop – that occurs in the cat, along with the observed increase in oscillation frequency. Precise control of quadruped gait switching uses GO-dependent modulation of inhibitory interactions, which generates a different functional anatomy at different arousal levels. The primary human gaits (the walk and the run) and elephant gaits (the amble and the walk) are simulated, without modulation, by oscillations with the same phase relationships but different waveform shapes at different GO signal levels, much as the duty cycles of the feet are longer in the walk than in the run. Relevant neural data from spinal cord, globus pallidus, and motor cortex, among other structures, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050375
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Anisotropic Diffusion Using Space-Variant Vision (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of computer vision 28 (1998), S. 199-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1405
    Keywords: anisotropic diffusion ; complex log map ; space-variant vision ; image enhancement ; polar exponential grid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Many computer and robot vision applications require multi-scale image analysis. Classically, this has been accomplished through the use of a linear scale-space, which is constructed by convolution of visual input with Gaussian kernels of varying size (scale). This has been shown to be equivalent to the solution of a linear diffusion equation on an infinite domain, as the Gaussian is the Green's function of such a system (Koenderink, 1984). Recently, much work has been focused on the use of a variable conductance function resulting in anisotropic diffusion described by a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE). The use of anisotropic diffusion with a conductance coefficient which is a decreasing function of the gradient magnitude has been shown to enhance edges, while decreasing some types of noise (Perona and Malik, 1987). Unfortunately, the solution of the anisotropic diffusion equation requires the numerical integration of a nonlinear PDE which is a costly process when carried out on a uniform mesh such as a typical image. In this paper we show that the complex log transformation, variants of which are universally used in mammalian retino-cortical systems, allows the nonlinear diffusion equation to be integrated at exponentially enhanced rates due to the nonuniform mesh spacing inherent in the log domain. The enhanced integration rates, coupled with the intrinsic compression of the complex log transformation, yields a speed increase of between two and three orders of magnitude, providing a means of performing rapid image enhancement using anisotropic diffusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008043919667
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved method for increasing pseudoplasticity in vinyl plastisols (1980)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 2 (1980), S. 234-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It has been established that the addition of very fine particles in a vinyl plastisol will increase viscosity. These particles may range from 100 to 5,000 angstroms. High viscosity would also be the result of lowering plasticizer levels but with the consequence of increasing product hardness and plastisol dilatancy. Another effect of fine particle addition is an increase in pseudoplastic behavior. This pseudoplasticity is vital for knife coating open weave fabrics or other processes in which the plastisol must be thick enough so as not to run or strike through. But at high shear (under the knife), it must spread easily. A common fine substance currently used for these purposes is fumed silica (70-140Å). There have also been some specialty dispersion resins for add-in pseudoplasticity. A new method utilizes the high efficiency and low cost of vinyl latex. Such small amounts are generally required that the water and surfactant content do not impair surface quality of the product. Preplasticized latex is particularly effective. As little as three parts (dry basis) per hundred dispersion resin increases Brookfield viscosity by 25 to 40 thousand centipoises. Pseudoplastic behavior is increased by over 100 percent. Its usefulness has been demonstrated at higher and lower plasticizer levels.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730020407
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  • 9
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    The limits of color awareness during active, real-world vision (2020)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-06-08
    Description: Color ignites visual experience, imbuing the world with meaning, emotion, and richness. As soon as an observer opens their eyes, they have the immediate impression of a rich, colorful experience that encompasses their entire visual world. Here, we show that this impression is surprisingly inaccurate. We used head-mounted virtual reality (VR) to place observers in immersive, dynamic real-world environments, which they naturally explored via saccades and head turns. Meanwhile, we monitored their gaze with in-headset eye tracking and then systematically altered the visual environments such that only the parts of the scene they were looking at were presented in color and the rest of the scene (i.e., the visual periphery) was entirely desaturated. We found that observers were often completely unaware of these drastic alterations to their visual world. In the most extreme case, almost a third of observers failed to notice when less than 5% of the visual display was presented in color. This limitation on perceptual awareness could not be explained by retinal neuroanatomy or previous studies of peripheral visual processing using more traditional psychophysical approaches. In a second study, we measured color detection thresholds using a staircase procedure while a set of observers intentionally attended to the periphery. Still, we found that observers were unaware when a large portion of their field of view was desaturated. Together, these results show that during active, naturalistic viewing conditions, our intuitive sense of a rich, colorful visual world is largely incorrect.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Neural control of interlimb oscillations (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-08-29
    Print ISSN: 0340-1200
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0770
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Published by Springer
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