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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three isolations of a virus of the Hughes group were obtained from seabird ectoparasites,Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) maritimus, on Great Saltee Island, Ireland. The agent is closely related to Soldado virus, originally obtained from related ticks near Trinidad, West Indies, and represents the second recorded tickborne arbovirus in Ireland.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this, our second study on the biosystematics of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group, we consider an additional five species found in the Afrotropical region, namely R. sanguineus, R. camicasi, R. guilhoni, R. moucheti and R. bergeoni. Cross-breeding experiments have shown that R. sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) sensu stricto is genetically distinct from R. camicasi Morel, Mouchet & Rodhain, 1976. Further cross-breeding trials confirmed that R. camicasi also occurs in Saudi Arabia: a field strain from this country was more productive than a laboratory-reared strain from Egypt. R. sanguineus, which parasitises mainly dogs, probably occurs throughout the Afrotropical region. R. camicasi parasitises both large and small domestic ruminants and is restricted to the arid and semi-arid lowlands of northeastern Africa and the Arabian peninsula. The larva, nymph, male and female of these two last named species are described with the aid of scanning electron micrographs (SEMs). The two western African species, R. guilhoni Morel & Vassiliades, 1963 and R. moucheti Morel, 1964, are accepted as valid members of the R. sanguineus group, but we have little material available for critical study. The male and female of R. guilhoni are briefly redescribed with the aid of SEMs. R. bergeoni Morel & Balis, 1976 occurs predominantly on cattle in the wetter highlands and subhighlands of Ethiopia and Sudan. The male and female are briefly described. Current morphological and ecological data suggest that the inclusion of this species in the R. sanguineus group is questionable.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The systematic status of Rhipicephalus species whose males have tricuspid adanal plates has been confused for many years. Some authors have regarded Rhipicephalus tricuspis Dönitz, 1906 as the only valid entity with this morphological character and synonymized both Rhipicephalus lunulatus Neumann, 1907 and Rhipicephalus glyphis Dönitz, 1910 with it. Others, however, have always maintained that R. tricuspis and R. lunulatus (syn. R. glyphis) are separate species. Detailed comparative studies, including scanning electron microscopy, of laboratory-reared series as well as numerous field collections of these ticks have now confirmed that the latter view is correct. In addition, a third species, designated here as a ‘Rhipicephalus sp. near tricuspis’, has been identified as a member of this group. All stages of R. tricuspis and R. lunulatus are herein redescribed and illustrated by means of scanning electron micrographs. Their life cycles in the laboratory, hosts, distribution and disease relationships are discussed and their differentiation is described with the aid of line drawings. Rhipicephalus tricuspis has been recorded primarily in southern Africa, but also in Zambia and western Zaire, in various types of dry woodland. Its adults are most commonly parasitic on relatively small mammals such as hares, spring hares, jackals and small antelopes. R. lunulatus is much more widespread in the Afrotropical region, most commonly in different types of woodland but also in a variety of other habitats. Its adults parasitize a very wide range of hosts including domestic animals (especially cattle and dogs), the African buffalo, many different antelopes (especially the larger species) and wild pigs. The Rhipicephalus sp. near tricuspis occurs in eastern and parts of central Africa, where its distribution often overlaps with that of R. lunulatus.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract For many years the biosystematic status of several species in the Rhipicephalus sanguineus group has been confused, with the result that they have often been misidentified. Over the years some 18 of these species have been synonymised with R. sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) itself. More recently four new species in the group have been described: R. guilhoni Morel & Vassiliades, 1963; R. moucheti Morel, 1964; R. bergeoni Morel & Balis, 1976; and R. camicasi Morel, Mouchet & Rodhain, 1976. The literature on this group is critically reviewed and the main systematic problems analysed. R. sulcatus Neumann, 1908 and R. turanicus Pomerantsev, 1936 are two species that were confused both morphologically and ecologically. This has resulted in erroneous conclusions regarding their host relationships and distributions. Integrated biological, morphological and ecological studies on these two species have been conducted. Cross-breeding experiments have proved that both are distinct taxonomic entities. Interbreedings between African and Cypriot strains of R. turanicus demonstrated marked heterosis. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the main diagnostic morphological differences between the larvae, nymphae and adults of R. sulcatus and R. turanicus, and the morphological similarities between African and Cypriot strains of R. turanicus. Rhipicephalus sulcatus occurs widely in the Afrotropical region in wetter ecological habitats and most frequently parasitises hares, dogs and jackals. R. turanicus occurs more-or-less throughout the Afrotropical region in a wide range of climatic biotopes, as well as in parts of southern Europe, Arabia and Asia, and is most abundant in the late rainy/early dry seasons. It occurs on a wide range of domesticated and wildlife hosts, including ground-feeding birds.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1976-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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