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  • 1
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    Poly-ADP-ribosylation-mediated degradation of ARTD1 by the NLRP3 inflammasome is a prerequisite for osteoclast maturation (2016)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-01
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Connexin43 and connexin45 form gap junctions with different molecular permeabilities in osteoblastic cells. (1994)
    EMBO Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0261-4189
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2075
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by EMBO Press on behalf of European Molecular Biology Organization.
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Connexin45 interacts with zonula occludens-1 in osteoblastic cells (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: Connexin43 (Cx43) and Cx45 are co-expressed in a number of different tissues. Studies demonstrated that Cx45 transfected ROS (ROS/Cx45) cells, were less permeable to low molecular weight dyes than untransfected ROS cells, that have gap junctions made of Cx43. This suggests that there may be a functionally important interaction between Cx43 and Cx45 in these cells. One way in which these proteins may interact is by associating with the same set of proteins. In order to isolate connexin interacting proteins, we isolated Cx45 from Cx45 transfected ROS cells (ROS/Cx45 cells) under mild detergent conditions. These studies showed that Cx45 co-purified with the tight junction protein, ZO-1. Immunofluorescence studies of ROS/Cx45 cells simultaneously stained with polyclonal Cx45 antibody and a monoclonal ZO-1 antibody showed that Cx45 and ZO-1 colocalized in ROS/Cx45 cells. Furthermore we found that ZO-1 could bind to peptides derived from the carboxyl terminal of Cx45 that had been covalently bound to an agarose resin. These data suggests that Cx45 and ZO-1 directly interact in ROS/Cx45 cells.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Cell communication & adhesion (ISSN 1541-9061); Volume 8; 4-6; 209-12
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in connexin43-null osteoblasts (2001)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Osteoblasts are highly coupled by gap junctions formed primarily by connexin43 (Cx43). We have shown that interference with Cx43 expression or function disrupts transcriptional regulation of osteoblast genes, and that deletion of Cx43 in the mouse causes skeletal malformations, delayed mineralization, and osteoblast dysfunction. Here, we studied the mechanisms by which genetic deficiency of Cx43 alters osteoblast development. While cell proliferation rates were similar in osteoblastic cells derived from calvaria of Cx43-null and wild type mice, camptothecin-induced apoptosis was 3-fold higher in mutant compared to wild type osteoblasts. When grown in mineralizing medium, Cx43-null cells were able to produce mineralized matrix but it took one week longer to reach the same mineralization levels as in normal cells. Likewise, expression of alkaline phosphatase activity per cell--a marker of osteoblast differentiation--was maximal only 2 weeks later in Cx43-null relative to wild-type cells. These observations suggest that Cx43 is important for a normal and timely development of the osteoblastic phenotype. Delayed differentiation and increase programmed cell death may explain the skeletal phenotype of Cx43-null mice.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Cell communication & adhesion (ISSN 1541-9061); 8; 6-Apr; 367-71
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-Related Decline of Bone Mass and Intestinal Calcium Absorption in Normal Males (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 197-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone mass — Intestinal calcium absorption — Aging in men.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Although about 25% of all hip fractures occur in men, little is known about the pattern of their age-related bone loss and its main determinants. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the age-related changes of intestinal calcium absorption, bone mass, and bone turnover in normal men. In 70 normal males (age 17–91 years), we measured spinal and forearm bone density (FBD) (by DXA), fractional intestinal calcium absorption (by oral test), serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH), dietary calcium intake (diet records), biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin, urine calcium, creatinine, and hydroxyproline), and 1,25(OH)2D3 serum levels. Vertebral bone density (VBD) showed a modest decline before age 50 and a greater decline after age 50, whereas FBD presented a significant decrease with advancing age starting at age 40, suggesting a predominant age-related cortical bone loss. Intestinal calcium absorption (47CaFA) and serum 1,25(OH)2D3 also presented an age-related decline similar to FBD. Simple correlation analysis revealed that age was significantly related to 47CaFA (r = 0.60), calcium intake (r = 0.32), VBD and FBD (r = 0.79 and 0.63, respectively), serum 1,25(OH)2D3 (r = 0.69), and serum iPTH (r = 0.72). No significant correlation was found between age and biochemical markers of bone remodeling. Partial correlation and stepwise variable selection analyses, using 47CaFA and bone mass as dependent variables, showed that in normal males, serum 1,25(OH)2D3 and dietary calcium intake were the main contributors (64%) to 47CaFA variability, whereas only age accounted for 63% of VBD and age and dietary calcium accounted for 45% of FBD variability. These results indicate that bone loss in men accelerates after age 50 years and that among other factors, intestinal calcium malabsorption and 1,25(OH)2D3 serum levels play a role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900514
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone density in white Brazilian women: Rapid loss at the time around the menopause (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 186-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ; Osteoporosis ; Menopause
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and proximal femur (neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanter) in 417 normal women (aged 20–79) living in São Paulo, Brazil. Bone density decreased with age at all sites. At the spine, the greatest decrease occurred during the sixth decade, with an average 11.4% bone loss compared with the previous decade. Stratifying the subjects according to menopausal status revealed that the fastest bone occurred at the time around the menopause (ages 45–60) when the rate of bone loss (-0.66%/year) was almost twice as rapid as in postmenopausal women (-0.39%/year). Although significant linear rates of bone loss were detected in all proximal femur sites before the menopause, a menopause-dependent pattern was less evident that at the spine. Lifetime rates of bone loss at the appendicular skeleton were-0.43,-0.62, and-0.35%/year at the femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and trochanteric area, respectively. After the menopause, BMD declined with menopausal age at all sites, although the rate of bone loss was faster at the femoral neck (-0.62%/year) and Ward's triangle (-0.84%/year) than at the spine-0.49%/year). The results are consistent with the notion that in women, the fastest bone loss occurs at the time round the menopause, most likely consequent to ovarian failure; and that faster rates of bone loss are detected at the proximal femur than at the lumbar spine in late postmenopausal women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298607
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipriflavone improves bone density and biomechanical properties of adult male rat bones (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Bone quality ; Vibration damping ; Impact strength ; Bone turnover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To assess the potential impact of ipriflavone on the biomechanical properties and mineral composition of bone, we administered two doses (200 or 400 mg/kg bw) of the drug orally to adult male rats for 1 month. Bone biomechanics were evaluated by vibration damping, an index of strain energy loss, and impact strength (the amount of energy required to fracture after a single impact). At the higher dose, ipriflavone significantly decreased vibration damping of rat femurs by 23.0±9.8% compared with control, vehicle-treated animals, suggesting a higher capacity to withstand dynamic stress. This result was confirmed by the impact strength studies showing that a higher energy (49.6±21.3% above control) was required to fracture femurs of rat treated with 400 mg/kg bw ipriflavone. The high dose of ipriflavone increased bone mineral density, assessed by both volume displacement and ash analysis (4.2% and 2.5% above controls, respectively). The relative content of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in the ashes was not different among the treated and untreated groups, indicating that no gross abnormalities in mineral composition of bone occurred after ipriflavone administration. Similarly, there were no differences in serum calcium and magnesium levels between treated and control animals at the end of the study, whereas lower circulating phosphorus levels were detected in the latter. Ipriflavone treatment was not associated with significant changes in serum alkaline phosphatase nor type I collagen telopeptide levels, two markers of bone turnover. In summary, 1-month treatment with ipriflavone increased bone density and improved the biomechanical properties of adult rat male bones without altering mineral composition. These results lend support to the use of ipriflavone in osteoporotic syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298613
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipriflavone does not alter bone apatite crystal structure in adult male rats (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 496-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone crystals ; X-ray diffraction ; Bone quality ; Mineral analysis ; Ipriflavone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have previously found that a short-term treatment with high doses of ipriflavone increased bone density and improved the biomechanical properties of adult male rat bones, without altering their mineral composition. To determine whether this effect can be associated with alterations of bone crystal structure, we have performed X-ray diffraction analysis of bones obtained from rats treated with ipriflavone at doses that were effective in inducing favorable changes on bone density and biomechanics. Eighteen-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were treated by oral route with either ipriflavone (200 or 400 mg/kg/day), or its vehicle for 12 weeks. The treatment was well tolerated and body weight increased to the same extent in all animals. As a measure of bone crystallinity, we examined the (310) and (002) reflections of the X-ray diffraction patterns, corresponding to the directions perpendicular and parallel to the c-axis of the crystals, respectively. No major differences were observed between ipriflavone-treated and control animals for the broadening parameter β1/2 for (310) and (002) peaks, as well as for lattice parameters. Therefore, a 12-week treatment with ipriflavone at high doses does not induce significant modifications of bone “crystallinity.” Thus. the positive effect of ipriflavone on bone mineral density appears to be associated with an increased apatite crystal formation rather than an increase of crystal size. These results provide further evidence for the safety and usefulness of ipriflavone in the treatment of osteoporotic syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369217
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Ipriflavone on Bone Formation and Bone Biomechanics (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. S012 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Ipriflavone — Bone formation — Bone biomechanics.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Ipriflavone (IP) positively affects bone density in postmenopausal osteoporosis, primarily by inhibiting bone resorption. Using in vitro models of human osteoblast differentiation, we have observed that IP and some of its metabolites stimulate the expression of bone sialoprotein, decorin, and type I collagen, and facilitate the deposition of mineralized matrix. This suggests that IP may stimulate bone formation in addition to its antiresorptive activity. To assess whether these effects translate into an improved bone ``quality'' in vivo, we measured biomechanical properties, mineral composition, and crystallinity of femurs of 12-week-old, male, Sprague-Dawley rats treated with IP for 1 month. IP significantly decreased vibration damping, an index of strain energy loss. Because vibration damping increases as bone porosity increases, the results indicate that IP-treated bones acquired a higher capacity to withstand dynamic stress. In fact, 1.5-fold higher energy was required to fracture femurs of IP-treated rats after a single supramaximal impact. IP also increased BMD, assessed by both volume displacement and ash analysis, whereas the relative contents of Ca, P, and Mg in the ashes were not affected. Thus, no gross abnormalities in mineral composition of bone occurred after IP administration. As a measure of bone crystallinity, X-ray diffraction analysis was performed. The broadening parameter β½ for the (310) and (002) reflections was not significantly different between IP-treated and control animals. Similarly, there were no differences in serum levels of Ca, Mg, alkaline phosphatase, and type I collagen telopeptides between treated and control animals at the end of the study. Therefore, 1-month treatment with IP increased bone density and improved the biomechanical properties of adult male rat bones without altering mineral composition or bone crystallinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900378
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of human osteoblast differentiation and function by ipriflavone and its metabolites (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 356-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoblasts ; Matrix proteins ; Collagen ; Cell differentiation ; Calcification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ipriflavone (IP), an isoflavone derivative, has been shown to interfere with bone remodeling by inhibiting bone resorption and perhaps stimulating bone formation. In this study, we have analyzed the effect of IP and its metabolites on the differentiation and function of human osteoblastic cells. Bone marrow stromal osteoprogenitor cells (BMC) and trabecular bone osteoblasts (HOB) were isolated from human donors. The former can be induced to differentiate by treatment with dexamethasone, whereas the latter represent a more differentiated osteoblast. Incubation of BMC with metabolite III (10-5 M) for 1 week induced modest but significant changes of alkaline phosphatase activity. Though both IP and metabolite III stimulated the expression of bone sialoprotein mRNA, a protein involved in cell attachment to the matrix, only metabolite III increased the steady-state level of decorin mRNA, a collagen fibrillogenesis-regulating proteoglycan. Metabolites III and V, but not the other isoflavones, increased the expression of type I collagen mRNA in HOB, whereas no detectable changes were observed in BMC cells with any of the experimental compounds. In HOB, an increased abundance of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein mRNA were also obtained after 1-week treatment with IP or metabolite V. No appreciable effects of IP or its metabolites were seen on osteocalcin expression and synthesis by either cell type. Finally, IP consistently increased the amount of 45Ca incorporated into the cell layer by BMC, and stimulated mineralization of both BMC and HOB, assessed by von Kossa staining. Thus, IP and its metabolites regulate the differentiation and biosynthetic properties of human bone-forming cells by enhancing the expression of some important matrix proteins and facilitating the mineralization process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299315
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