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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of signal-to-noise ratio of a quasiperiodic cardiovascular signal using coherency and correlation techniques (1989)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 27 (1989), S. 572-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Cardiovascular ; Coherence ; Correlation ; Signal sampling ; Signal processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two algorithms, based on coherency and correlation functions, are proposed for estimating the signal-to-noise ratio of physiological signals including the effect of flicker noise. New sampling techniques based on converting a single continuous signal into two time series that satisfy the requirements of the algorithms are proposed. The algorithms are applied to a computer-generated signal and noise composite of known SNR, as well as to quasiperiodic left ventricular pressure (LVP) waveforms transduced from ten patients. Both coherency and correlation methods were used to estimate the known SNR of the computer-generated compsite, signal and noise to within ±5 per cent, for SNR values between 10 and 30 dB. When applied to LVP waveforms, the two methods gave SNR values which were almost identical. Flicker noise associated with the LVP waveforms was computed to be 14 dB higher than the white noise. It is concluded that flicker, or 1/f noise, which has been heretofore ignored in SNR calculations of pressure and flow signals, must now be included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441638
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimisation of a computer vision system for the interpretation of American Sign Language (1993)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. 509-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Computer vision ; Image interpretation ; Motion algorithms ; Optimisation ; Sign language
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Presented in this paper is a simulation algorithm for the optimisation of camera position with respect to the signer, to have a full and reliable interpretation of the American Sign Language. The simulation includes a three-dimensional world point into two-dimensional image point transformation algorithm, the effect of the depth information loss and a sign projection correction test. It is concluded that the viewing camera should be positioned at any point in a specified area subtended by a solid angle of 30°, where the centre of the area is located at 45° in the azimuth and 45° in elevation relative to the signer. The theory and the technique are tested with regard to the efficiency of interpreting American Sign Language (ASL) by two adult signers. One of the signers had been using ASL on a regular basis since infancy, and the second signer had signed for the past five years. It is demonstrated that positioning the camera anywhere in the specified area provides a 96 per cent correct interpretation of the 36 signs tested. The results also provide a preliminary indication that signer variability may not present a major problem in interpretation, and that a computer vision system which captures the optimum depth information can distinguish between signs which, to the naked eye, appear to have similar characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02441987
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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