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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Callus friability and somatic embryogenesis inHevea brasiliensis (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 33 (1993), S. 331-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: calcium ; genotype ; growth regulator ; macronutrient ; rubber tree ; sucrose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of plant growth regulators, sucrose, calcium and various macronutrient media on callus friability and somatic embryogenesis was investigated inHevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. Friable and embryogenic calli were spontaneously formed in two rubber tree clones (PR 107 and RRIM 600) on the Medium for Hevea (MH), with 3,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (3,4-d), kinetin and sucrose, while compact embryogenic calli were enhanced in three other clones (PB 260, PB 235 and GT1). Callus friability was enhanced in clone PB 260 when the concentration of one growth factor (3,4-d or kinetin) was reduced from 4.5 μLM to 0.45 μM during the first culture, or when high sucrose or calcium levels 351 mM and 12 mM, respectively) were maintained during subcultures. The different macronutrient media did not alter callus texture but only use of MH and Murashige and Skoog (MS) media led to somatic embryogenesis. Friable calli obtained by modifying the auxin/cytokinin balance lost their embryogenic potential. In contrast, those obtained on media with high sucrose or calcium concentrations were mainly composed of embryogenic cells embedded in a mucilaginous matrix. Such calli could be of potential interest for establishing embryogenic cell suspension cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02319019
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histology of early somatic embryogenesis inHevea brasiliensis: The importance of the timing of subculturing (1989)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 19 (1989), S. 243-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: callus histology ; Hevea brasiliensis ; rubber tree ; somatic embryogenesis ; subculture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic embryos ofHevea brasiliensis can be obtained by culturing thin sections of inner tegument of seed on two successive different media, MH1 and MH3. Histological study showed that in calli cultured on non-renewed medium MH1 for 40 days, the embryogenesis process initiated on the 20th day did not produce results owing to early degeneration of the cells involved in the embryogenic pathway. However, typical embryogenic cells formed when medium MH1 was renewed once during the first phase of culture (between day 20 and day 30). Proembryos developed when the calli were subcultured on medium MH3 10–15 days later. Embryogenic cells did not form when there was frequent renewal of medium MH1 or early subculturing on MH3 after less than 40 days of culture on MH1. Methodical histological monitoring of the development of embryogenic quality of calli thus made it possible to define the optimum culture sequences for the embryogenesis process and which are favourable for regular obtaining of proembryos.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00043351
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of atmospheric gases, particularly ethylene, on somatic embryogenesis of Hevea brasiliensis (1990)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 21 (1990), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: carbon dioxide ; ethylene ; somatic embryogenesis ; vessel atmosphere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The atmosphere of the culture vessel is an important factor for successful somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis (Müll. Arg.). Considerable release of carbon dioxide and ethylene occurred during the development of calli. By avoiding the accumulation of gas, unconfined conditions were the most favourable for inducing somatic embryogenesis. Trapping of ethylene was as favourable for calli development and for somatic embryogenesis as unconfined conditions. Inhibition of ethylene synthesis by the adding of aminooxyacetic acid to the medium, also favoured the embryogenic process, and inhibition of ethylene action by the adding of silver nitrate to the medium enhanced significantly embryo production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034488
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