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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 27 (1991), S. 185-191 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The polymerization of β-propiolactone, initiated by nickel propionate-tributylphosphine was studied in toluene at 35°C. Monomer and initiator consumptions were followed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The spectra were recorded at regular intervals and show that: (1) The phosphorus-chelated nickel complex is destroyed; (2) the resulting nickel carboxylate creates a new complex with the lactone. (3) The length of this transfer period depends on the initial monomer concentration. (4) The “activated” lactone leads to the formation of a zwitterion with consumption of tributylphosphine. (5) The zwitterion reacts with complexed lactone to give a β-substituted carboxylate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Polyimides (PI) having different molecular weights were prepared by condensation of oxydiphthalic anhydride with 9,9-bis-(4-aminophenyl)fluorene in nitrobenzene solution at 180°C. These polyimides carried two amino chain ends which allowed us to fix polycaprolactam chains (PA6) to obtain PA6-PI-PA6 type copolymers. The elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopic determination gave the proportion of PA6 (or PI) in the copolymers. The studies of thermal properties-DSC and TGA-allowed us to characterize the copolymers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 303-311 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: DSC ; polyester ; polymerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Polymerisation von 3-benzyl-3-ethyl 2-oxetanon führt zu drei Polymer Typen: PolyRS (überschuss des Enantiomers,EE=0), PolyR oder PolyS (REE 〉 SEE) und Polyracemate. Alle Polymere sind kristallin und die thermischen Eigenschaften (T g, SchmelzeT M und δH M) hängen wesentlich vonEE des Polymers ab. Die Fortpflanzung der Polymerisation ist nicht stereospeeifisch. Die Verwendung von Aufheitzen Abkühl Zyklen führt zu einer reinen kristallinen Form, die bei der höchsten Temperatur schmilzt. Das Polyracemat verhält sich wie ein reines Polymer, das bei niedrigeren Temperatur schmilzt; es racemisiert im Laufe einer verlängerten Erhitzung im Schemlzfluss.
    Notes: Abstract The polymerization of 3-benzyl-3-ethyl 2-oxetanones leads to three types of polymers: polyRS (enantiomer excess,ee=0), polyR or polyS (Ree 〉See) and polyracemate. All these polymers are crystalline and the thermal properties (T g, meltingT M and δH M) depend mainly on theee of the polymer. The propagation of the polymerization is not stereospecific. The use of heating-cooling cycles leads to a pure crystalline form melting at the highest temperature. The polyracemate has the behaviour of a pure polymer which melts at a lower temperature, a prolonged heating in the melt induces a strong racemization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 28 (1990), S. 606-611 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Disubstituted β-lactams ; Enantiomeric composition ; Absolute configuration ; 1H and 13C NMR ; Europium shift reagent ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The enantiomeric purities of disubstituted β-lactams were determined by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy using tris[3-(trifluoromethylhydroxymethylene)-d-camphorato]europium(III), Eu(tfc)3, as a chiral shift reagent. Using a [Eu(tfc)3]/[lactam] ratio of 0.5, most of the resonances were split into signal pairs due to the respective enantiomers. The method gives quantitative enantiomeric compositions. 13C NMR spectroscopy is more advantageous than 1H NMR, which is of limited use owing, for example, to the significant line broadening observed in the 1H spectra at [Eu(tfc)3]/[lactam] 〉 0.8. Assignments of the proton and carbon signals were obtained for the two enantiomers of the complexed lactams.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1991-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0170-0839
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-2449
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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