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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5604-5606 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of CoZrNb amorphous films, with thickness t ranging from 200 to 630 nm, has been studied by using several techniques: Kerr imaging, dc and audio frequency hysteresis loops, field dependence of the permeability, torque balance, broadband frequency susceptometer (1 kHz≤f≤500 MHz). Only samples with t≤500 nm have simple domain structures typical of an in-plane anisotropy (with a small dispersion of the easy axis). Although domain walls (DW) are visible, they do not contribute to the initial permeability in the observed frequency range (even in the favorable case where the magnetic field is parallel to the easy axis), but they do play a role on the irreversible magnetization processes as shown by the existence of a critical field Hcr, typical of the onset of irreversible DW motion. These observations are consistant with a model which assumes that the DW are pinned at the film surfaces: the calculations give a negligible DW bulging contribution to the initial permeability, and predict the occurence of a DW unpinning field, thickness dependent as observed.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5348-5353 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: When cycling a hysteresis loop, bursts of high frequency ultrasonic waves are emitted. This general phenomenon, which must not be confused with the classical magnetostrictive effect at twice the cycling frequency, is called the magnetoacoustic emission (MAE). By using literature and authors' results, qualitative and quantitative, the authors review the past and present knowledge of the MAE phenomenon to stress its fundamental origin: the domain wall (DW) creation/annihilation processes. On a qualitative point of view, the shape demagnetizing effect is shown to drastically change the MAE profiles, which allow us to clearly distinguish the MAE from the classical magnetic Barkhausen noise. Quantitatively and in agreement with their interpretation, the authors have established that the total MAE activity along an hysteresis loop is proportional to the hysteresis losses during the same loop; this law has been confirmed on several series of polycrystalline ferrimagnets and is valid whatever the composition, the grain size, or the measuring temperature is. The noncorrelation between the MAE and the magnetostriction is also demonstrated, contrary to some previously reported results and interpretations. Related to the DW creation/annihilation processes, the MAE might be the missing link in the process of the conversion of the magnetic energy into heat during a hysteresis loop.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For thin films with very well defined uniaxial anisotropy, initial permeability spectra in the hard direction may be well described by Landau–Lifshitz theory that, in the low frequency range, is reduced to μi=4πMs/Hk. But the switching process of the magnetization becomes more complex when it is dominated by local variations of the anisotropy, what is known as magnetization ripple. Then, initial permeability at low frequency may be expressed as μi=4πMs/Heff. Here, effective field Heff is, from ripple theory: Heff=Hk(1+b+c), the terms b and c being additional anisotropy fields due to short and long range magnetization fluctuations. Measurements of Hk, b, and c can be obtained from the transverse bias permeability that has been measured along easy and hard axis by transverse Kerr effect. We obtain values of b+c between 0.04 and 0.30, what imply a reduction of permeability between 4% and 30% due to the dispersion of the anisotropy. Saturation magnetization was measured using a VSM and also with a computer aided hysteresismeter. Then, initial permeability was measured along hard axis using an inductive system previously described. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3955-3957 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For the first time, the acoustic emission (AE) along a hysteresis loop has been investigated at variable magnetizing field frequency (10−2 up to 102 Hz) on three very different magnetic materials: polycrystalline YIG, amorphous FeNiBSi ribbon and mumetal. For all the samples the AE activity is hysteretic; in the very-low-frequency range it shows two sharp minima around the coercive field values ±Hc and a smooth decrease when approaching the saturation, as we have reported in a previous paper. At increasing frequency, the AE minima at Hc vanish progressively and in some cases are even replaced by broad maxima, as already reported in the literature. Such an effect could be attributed to the complex situation occurring when increasing the frequency, due either to the measurement technique or to physical phenomena such as echoes. However, we cannot exclude the possible influence of dynamical changes of the microprocesses which originate the AE. That leads us to the conclusion that AE is better investigated in quasistatic conditions.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3461-3461 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: At low temperature CdCr2xIn2−2xS4 spinel solid solutions show a ferromagnetic-spin-glass transition. In the present work the ac susceptibility measurements (130 Hz〈ν〈100 kHz) have been carried out on toroid-shaped samples, which allows us to minimize the macroscopic demagnetizing fields, by using a technique based on a direct flux determination. Our results are compared with previous measurements, performed by using standard methods. The shape of the χ'(ν) curves is similar to that obtained from the standard methods: no maximum in the transition temperature region (4 K〈Tg〈18 K); however, the χ' values are higher: as an example, for x=0.95, χ'max (approximately-equal-to)0.5 emu/cm3(approximately-equal-to)1/N (N being the demagnetizing factor) with standard methods, while our result is χmax ∼3.5 emu/cm3. Such a result is discussed notably with respect to the influence of porosity; a precise comparison should take into account the actual density of samples. Just below Tc (∼40–85 K), χ' does not depend on frequency, but we observe, in the transition temperature region, a decrease of χ' when ν increases. χ‘ presents two well-defined peaks around Tg and Tc. The latter maximum does not depend on frequency, while the first one shifts as a function of ν, which indicates dynamical effects (as an example for x=0.95, Tg =10.5 K at 130 Hz and Tg =13.0 K at 100 kHz).
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4180-4182 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The frequency dependence of hysteresis loops of high purity yttrium iron garnet (YIG) polycrystals has been measured over the range of temperature and frequency where the permeability spectrum has evidenced significant dispersion. Very close to Tc, the effect of domain wall damping results in elliptical loops when the wall relaxation frequency is approached. The observed increase in losses with frequency implies values of the wall damping parameter β which agree with previous determinations from permeability data. In the 150 K range, migrating electrons due to the voluntary slight iron deficiency of the studied sample cannot follow fast wall motions and relax, which in turn produce more rectangular loops for frequencies above the diffusion relaxation frequency. The corresponding increase in hysteresis losses is due to an increase in the wall energy γ and possible dynamical changes of the domain wall configuration in the sample.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 15-18 (1980), S. 555-556 
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Solid State Communications 7 (1969), S. 27-31 
    ISSN: 0038-1098
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 95 (1983), S. 388-390 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 120 (1987), S. 64-68 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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