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  • 1
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    The visual cycle operates via an isomerase acting on all-trans retinol in the pigment epithelium (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-06-26
    Description: Thirty years have elapsed since Wald and his colleagues showed that 11-cis retinal was isomerized to all-trans when rhodopsin was bleached, yet little has been understood about the reverse process that generates 11-cis retinal for rhodopsin regeneration. It is not known whether the isomerization is enzyme-mediated, whether it occurs in the pigment epithelium or in the retina, or whether retinal, retinol, or a retinyl ester is the vitamin A compound that is isomerized. Radiolabeled all-trans retinol and high-performance liquid chromatography have now been used to demonstrate the existence of an eye-specific, membrane-bound enzyme (retinol isomerase) that converts all-trans to 11-cis retinol in the dark. Retinol isomerase is concentrated in the pigment epithelium; this localization clarifies the role of this tissue in rhodopsin regeneration and explains the need to transfer all-trans retinol from the rod outer segments to the pigment epithelium during the visual cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bridges, C D -- Alvarez, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jun 26;236(4809):1678-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3603006" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anura ; Choroid/enzymology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dark Adaptation ; Hot Temperature ; In Vitro Techniques ; Isomerases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Light ; Liver/enzymology ; Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride/pharmacology ; Pigment Epithelium of Eye/*enzymology ; Rats ; Retina/enzymology ; Trypsin ; Vitamin A/*metabolism ; *cis-trans-Isomerases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible Visual Pigment Changes in Tadpoles exposed to Light and Darkness (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 956-957 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 illustrates difference spectra of the visual pigments extracted from Rana pipiens sphenocephala tadpoles. These animals started out with 39 per cent porphyropsin and 61 per cent rhodopsin. The difference spectrum of this mixture is shown by the dashed curve. A group kept in darkness for 26 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/227956a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molar Absorbance Coefficient of Rhodopsin (1970)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 227 (1970), S. 1258-1259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] One of the earlier methods1 had depended on measurement of the absorbance of retinal oxime produced when a solution of rhodopsin containing liydroxylamine was bleached. From the molar absorbance coefficient of retinal oxime, the corresponding value for rhodopsin was calculated. In private ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2271258a0
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different receptors for distribution of peanut and ricin agglutinins between inner and outer segments of rod cells (1979)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 282 (1979), S. 513-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Receptors for jack bean lectin (concanavalin A, Con A) are present on the surfaces of rod outer segments (ROS)5"7. Con A has a specificity for complex mannose-containing oligosac-charides with internal and terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues8"11 as well as simpler structures containing ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/282513a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    11- cis vitamin A in dark-adapted rod outer segments is a probable source of prosthetic groups for rhodopsin biosynthesis (1976)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 259 (1976), S. 247-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Frogs (Rana pipiens, southern variety) were dark adapted for 24 h at 25 C The retinae were cleanly dissected in Ringer solution, any small areas with adhering pigment epithelium being cut away and discarded. Wherever possible, all subsequent operations were carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/259247a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of Tritiated Retinaldehyde by the Visual Pigment of Dark-adapted Rats (1969)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 221 (1969), S. 275-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Twelve albino male Wistar rats (12 weeks old) were dark-adapted for 30 h. Eleven were each injected intraperitoneally with 269 µCi of all-trans retinyl-11,12-3H2-acetate (1.26 mg) and 117 pig of DL-±-tocopherol in 1 ml. of 154 mM sodium chloride containing 15 per cent v/v 'Tween 80' ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/221275a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid Light-induced Potentials Common to Plant and Animal Tissues (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 212 (1966), S. 1235-1236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A discharge tube filled with xenon6 was used as a flash source. The recording electrodes were black cotton wicks protruding from black glass pipettes containing 0*9 per cent sodium chloride. The pipettes were bound with black masking tape. Silver wires inserted into these pipettes served as ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2121235a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Periodicity of Absorption Properties in Pigments based on Vitamin A 2 from Fish Retinæ (1964)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 203 (1964), S. 303-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Table 1. DISTRIBUTION OF VITAMIN A2,-BASED PIGMENTS IN THE FISHES EXAMINED ^max (m^ 0 of pig- ments bs ged on: Name Habitat Vitamin Vitamin A. A! Ameiurus nebulosus marmoratus (Holbrook) Chaenobryttus coronarius (Bartram) Lepomis microlophus (Giinther) ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/203303a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Season and Environment on the Retinal Pigments of Two Fishes (1964)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 203 (1964), S. 191-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Methods of extraction and analysis have been fully described elsewhere2,3. Notemigonus has pigments with lmax at 529 (vitamin A2-based) and at 502 mμ (vitamin A1-based)2; Balonesox has pigments with lmax at 521 (vitamin A2-based) and at 498 mμ (vitamin A1-based). The results of analyses of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/203191a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual Pigments in a Fish exposed to Different Light-Environments (1965)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 206 (1965), S. 1161-1162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This communication describes the results of an experiment in which batches of this species were kept in the laboratory under different conditions of illumination, ranging from complete darkness to an artificial day-length of 12 h. In this way the influence of light on the mean pigment composition ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2061161a0
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