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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Climate Change 2001 : The scientific basis ; contribution of Working Group I to the third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Associated volumes
    Details Availability
    Call number: 12/M 01.0453 ; AWI A3-01-0215 ; PIK N 071-01-0481 ; PIK N 071-0115 ; PIK N 071-02-0351 ; PIK N 071-01-0564
    In: Climate change 2001
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: X, 881 S.
    Edition: 1st publ.
    ISBN: 0521014956
    Classification:
    Meteorology and Climatology
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Foreword. - Preface. - Summary for Policymakers. - Technical Summary. - 1 The Climate System: an Overview. - 2 Observed Climate Variability and Change. - 3 The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide. - 4 Atmospheric Chemistry and Greenhouse Gases. - 5 Aerosols, their Direct and Indirect Effects. - 6 Radiative Forcing of Climate Change. - 7 Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks. - 8 Model Evaluation. - 9 Projections of Future Climate Change. - 10 Regional Climate Information - Evaluation and Projections. - 11 Changes in Sea Level. - 12 Detection of Climate Change and Attribution of Causes. - 13 Climate Scenario Development. - 14 Advancing Our Understanding. - Appendix I Glossary. - Appendix II SRES Tables. - Appendix Ill Contributors to the IPCC WGI Third Assessment Report. - Appendix IV Reviewers of the IPCC WGI Third Assessment Report. - Appendix V Acronyms and Abbreviations. - Appendix VI Units. - Appendix VII Some Chemical Symbols used in this Report. - Appendix VIII Index.
    Location: Reading room
    Location: Reading room
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
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    Fear across development in mice and humans [Psychological and Cognitive Sciences] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-03
    Description: The only evidence-based behavioral treatment for anxiety and stress-related disorders involves desensitization techniques that rely on principles of extinction learning. However, 40% of patients do not respond to this treatment. Efforts have focused on individual differences in treatment response, but have not examined when, during development, such treatments may be...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 3
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    Full p53 transcriptional activation potential is dispensable for tumor suppression in diverse lineages [Medical Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-10-12
    Description: Over half of all human cancers, of a wide variety of types, sustain mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Although p53 limits tumorigenesis through the induction of apoptosis or cell cycle arrest, its molecular mechanism of action in tumor suppression has been elusive. The best-characterized p53 activity in vitro is as a transcriptional activator, but the identification of numerous additional p53 biochemical activities in vitro has made it unclear which mechanism accounts for tumor suppression. Here, we assess the importance of transcriptional activation for p53 tumor suppression function in vivo in several tissues, using a knock-in mouse strain expressing a p53 mutant compromised for transcriptional activation, p5325,26. p5325,26 is severely impaired for the transactivation of numerous classical p53 target genes, including p21, Noxa, and Puma, but it retains the ability to activate a small subset of p53 target genes, including Bax. Surprisingly, p5325,26 can nonetheless suppress tumor growth in cancers derived from the epithelial, mesenchymal, central nervous system, and lymphoid lineages. Therefore, full transactivation of most p53 target genes is dispensable for p53 tumor suppressor function in a range of tissue types. In contrast, a transcriptional activation mutant that is completely defective for transactivation, p5325,26,53,54, fails to suppress tumor development. These findings demonstrate that transcriptional activation is indeed broadly critical for p53 tumor suppressor function, although this requirement reflects the limited transcriptional activity observed with p5325,26 rather than robust transactivation of a full complement of p53 target genes.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Groundwater arsenic contamination throughout China (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-24
    Description: Arsenic-contaminated groundwater used for drinking in China is a health threat that was first recognized in the 1960s. However, because of the sheer size of the country, millions of groundwater wells remain to be tested in order to determine the magnitude of the problem. We developed a statistical risk model that classifies safe and unsafe areas with respect to geogenic arsenic contamination in China, using the threshold of 10 micrograms per liter, the World Health Organization guideline and current Chinese standard for drinking water. We estimate that 19.6 million people are at risk of being affected by the consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater. Although the results must be confirmed with additional field measurements, our risk model identifies numerous arsenic-affected areas and highlights the potential magnitude of this health threat in China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rodriguez-Lado, Luis -- Sun, Guifan -- Berg, Michael -- Zhang, Qiang -- Xue, Hanbin -- Zheng, Quanmei -- Johnson, C Annette -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Aug 23;341(6148):866-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1237484.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970694" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arsenic/analysis/*toxicity ; Arsenic Poisoning/epidemiology ; Drinking ; Drinking Water/chemistry/*standards ; Environmental Monitoring ; Global Health ; Groundwater/chemistry/*standards ; Guidelines as Topic ; Hazardous Substances/analysis/*toxicity ; Humans ; Models, Statistical ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/*toxicity ; World Health Organization
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Simulated binding of transcription factors to active and inactive regions folds human chromosomes into loops, rosettes and topological domains (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-06
    Description: Biophysicists are modeling conformations of interphase chromosomes, often basing the strengths of interactions between segments distant on the genetic map on contact frequencies determined experimentally. Here, instead, we develop a fitting-free, minimal model: bivalent or multivalent red and green ‘transcription factors’ bind to cognate sites in strings of beads (‘chromatin’) to form molecular bridges stabilizing loops. In the absence of additional explicit forces, molecular dynamic simulations reveal that bound factors spontaneously cluster—red with red, green with green, but rarely red with green—to give structures reminiscent of transcription factories. Binding of just two transcription factors (or proteins) to active and inactive regions of human chromosomes yields rosettes, topological domains and contact maps much like those seen experimentally. This emergent ‘bridging-induced attraction’ proves to be a robust, simple and generic force able to organize interphase chromosomes at all scales.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Current profile redistribution driven by neutral beam injection in a reversed-field pinch (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-04-21
    Description: Neutral beam injection in reversed-field pinch (RFP) plasmas on the Madison Symmetric Torus [Dexter et al. , Fusion Sci. Technol. 19 , 131 (1991)] drives current redistribution with increased on-axis current density but negligible net current drive. Internal fluctuations correlated with tearing modes are observed on multiple diagnostics; the behavior of tearing mode correlated structures is consistent with flattening of the safety factor profile. The first application of a parametrized model for island flattening to temperature fluctuations in an RFP allows inferrence of rational surface locations for multiple tearing modes. The m  = 1, n  = 6 mode is observed to shift inward by 1.1 ± 0.6 cm with neutral beam injection. Tearing mode rational surface measurements provide a strong constraint for equilibrium reconstruction, with an estimated reduction of q 0 by 5% and an increase in on-axis current density of 8% ± 5%. The inferred on-axis current drive is consistent with estimates of fast ion density using TRANSP [Goldston et al. , J. Comput. Phys. 43 , 61 (1981)].
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    Recurrent network activity drives striatal synaptogenesis (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-06-05
    Description: Neural activity during development critically shapes postnatal wiring of the mammalian brain. This is best illustrated by the sensory systems, in which the patterned feed-forward excitation provided by sensory organs and experience drives the formation of mature topographic circuits capable of extracting specific features of sensory stimuli. In contrast, little is known about the role of early activity in the development of the basal ganglia, a phylogenetically ancient group of nuclei fundamentally important for complex motor action and reward-based learning. These nuclei lack direct sensory input and are only loosely topographically organized, forming interlocking feed-forward and feed-back inhibitory circuits without laminar structure. Here we use transgenic mice and viral gene transfer methods to modulate neurotransmitter release and neuronal activity in vivo in the developing striatum. We find that the balance of activity between the two inhibitory and antagonist pathways in the striatum regulates excitatory innervation of the basal ganglia during development. These effects indicate that the propagation of activity through a multi-stage network regulates the wiring of the basal ganglia, revealing an important role of positive feedback in driving network maturation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367801/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3367801/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kozorovitskiy, Yevgenia -- Saunders, Arpiar -- Johnson, Caroline A -- Lowell, Bradford B -- Sabatini, Bernardo L -- F31 NS074842/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- F31 NS074842-02/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS046579/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK089044/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS046579/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS046579-09/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- T32 MH020017/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 May 13;485(7400):646-50. doi: 10.1038/nature11052.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22660328" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Basal Ganglia/cytology/*embryology/*physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/cytology/physiology ; Feedback, Physiological ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Neurological ; Neostriatum/cytology/*embryology/*physiology ; Neural Inhibition ; Neural Pathways/*physiology ; Synapses/*metabolism ; Thalamus/cytology/physiology ; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Parallel computing in biomedical research (1994)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-08-12
    Description: Scalable parallel computer architectures provide the computational performance needed for advanced biomedical computing problems. The National Institutes of Health have developed a number of parallel algorithms and techniques useful in determining biological structure and function. These applications include processing electron micrographs to determine the three-dimensional structure of viruses, calculating the solvent-accessible surface area of proteins to help predict the three-dimensional conformation of these molecules from their primary structures, and searching for homologous DNA or amino acid sequences in large biological databases. Timing results demonstrate substantial performance improvements with parallel implementations compared with conventional sequential systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Martino, R L -- Johnson, C A -- Suh, E B -- Trus, B L -- Yap, T K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Aug 12;265(5174):902-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Computational Bioscience and Engineering Laboratory, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8052847" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Capsid/ultrastructure ; *Computer Simulation ; *Computers ; Databases, Factual ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; *Research ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Simplexvirus/ultrastructure ; Tomography, Emission-Computed ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    The challenge of micropollutants in aquatic systems (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-26
    Description: The increasing worldwide contamination of freshwater systems with thousands of industrial and natural chemical compounds is one of the key environmental problems facing humanity. Although most of these compounds are present at low concentrations, many of them raise considerable toxicological concerns, particularly when present as components of complex mixtures. Here we review three scientific challenges in addressing water-quality problems caused by such micropollutants. First, tools to assess the impact of these pollutants on aquatic life and human health must be further developed and refined. Second, cost-effective and appropriate remediation and water-treatment technologies must be explored and implemented. Third, usage and disposal strategies, coupled with the search for environmentally more benign products and processes, should aim to minimize introduction of critical pollutants into the aquatic environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwarzenbach, Rene P -- Escher, Beate I -- Fenner, Kathrin -- Hofstetter, Thomas B -- Johnson, C Annette -- von Gunten, Urs -- Wehrli, Bernhard -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Aug 25;313(5790):1072-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. rene.schwarzenbach@env.ethz.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16931750" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Complex Mixtures/analysis/toxicity ; Developing Countries ; Ecosystem ; Environment ; *Fresh Water ; Humans ; Risk Assessment ; Toxicity Tests ; *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis/classification/metabolism/toxicity ; *Water Pollution/prevention & control ; *Water Purification/methods ; Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Planar cell polarity acts through septins to control collective cell movement and ciliogenesis (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-07-31
    Description: The planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling pathway governs collective cell movements during vertebrate embryogenesis, and certain PCP proteins are also implicated in the assembly of cilia. The septins are cytoskeletal proteins controlling behaviors such as cell division and migration. Here, we identified control of septin localization by the PCP protein Fritz as a crucial control point for both collective cell movement and ciliogenesis in Xenopus embryos. We also linked mutations in human Fritz to Bardet-Biedl and Meckel-Gruber syndromes, a notable link given that other genes mutated in these syndromes also influence collective cell movement and ciliogenesis. These findings shed light on the mechanisms by which fundamental cellular machinery, such as the cytoskeleton, is regulated during embryonic development and human disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3509789/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3509789/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kim, Su Kyoung -- Shindo, Asako -- Park, Tae Joo -- Oh, Edwin C -- Ghosh, Srimoyee -- Gray, Ryan S -- Lewis, Richard A -- Johnson, Colin A -- Attie-Bittach, Tania -- Katsanis, Nicholas -- Wallingford, John B -- G0700073/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- P50 MH094268/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK072301/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK075972/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM074104/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD042601/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Sep 10;329(5997):1337-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1191184. Epub 2010 Jul 29.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671153" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics ; Animals ; Bardet-Biedl Syndrome/*genetics ; Cell Membrane/metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Cell Movement ; *Cell Polarity ; Cell Shape ; Cilia/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cytoskeleton/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology/physiology ; Embryonic Development ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Gastrula/cytology ; Genetic Association Studies ; Glycoproteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Morphogenesis ; Mutant Proteins/metabolism ; Mutation ; Septins ; Syndrome ; Xenopus Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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