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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blends of polycarbonate and poly(methyl methacrylate) and the determination of the polymer-polymer interaction parameter of the two polymers (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 20 (1987), S. 1876-1882 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00174a030
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal behavior, morphology and the determination of the polymer-polymer interaction parameter of polycarbonate-poly(butylene terephthalate) blends (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 190 (1989), S. 661-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Blends of bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC, poly(oxycarbonyloxy-1,4-phenylene-2-isopropylidene-1,4-phenylene)) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT, poly(oxytetramethyleneoxy-terephthaloyl)) have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Blends were prepared by screw extrusion and solution casting with mass fractions of PC in the blends varying from 0,90 to 0,10. From the measured glass transition temperature (Tg) and apparent mass fractions of PC and PBT dissolved in each phase, it appears that the PBT dissolves more in the PC-rich phase than does the PC in the PBT-rich phase. Also, compatibility is greater in the case of extruded blends than in the case of solutioncast blends. The values of the Flory-Huggins polymer-polymer interaction parameter (χ12) were determined and found to range from 0,042 to 0,033 for extruded blends at 250°C and from 0,054 to 0,039 for solution casting at 25°C. The χ12 decreases with increase of PBT content throughout the investigated composition range. From the Tg's, the microscopy study and the extrudate swell ratios, it is concluded that compatibility is achieved in the blends having mass fractions 0,90, 0,20 and 0,10 of PC, but that these blends are not microscopically homogeneous.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.021900322
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of molecular weight and temperature on phase separation in the ternary system polystyrene/polybutadiene/tetralin (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 521-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The phase diagram and cloud point surface for the ternary system polystyrene/polybutadiene/tetralin were determined at 29°, 87°, and 143°C. Polystyrenes and polybutadienes of narrow molecular weight distribution were used to study the effect of molecular weight on the cloud point concentration. The phase diagram obtained was bimodal. This unusual shape was more pronounced at higher molecular weights. A model describing the molecular weight dependence of the cloud point concentration was tested and found to hold over a wide composition and temperature range.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180217
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility studies of polystyrene-polybutadiene blends by thermal analysis (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 2989-3004 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In order to examine the behavior of incompatible blends of polystyrene and polybutadiene, the glass transition temperature, the melting point, and the specific heat increment at the glass transition temperature for atactic polystyrene (a-PS), isotactic polystyrene (i-PS), polybutadiene (PBD), and blends of a-PS/PBD and i-PS/PBD were determined by use of a differential scanning calorimeter. Blends were prepared by solution casting, freeze-drying, and milling. Weight fractions of polystyrene in the blends ranged from 0.95 to 0.05. The glass transition temperature of polystyrene changed with weight fraction in the blends, and with blending preparation methods; the glass transition temperature of polybutadiene remained essentially unchanged. The specific heat increment at the glass transition temperature of PBD decreases linearly with increasing proportions of PS in the PS/PBD blend for the broad and narrow molecular weight distribution polybutadience polymers, whereas the specific heat increment for PS did not decrease with increasing proportions of PBD in the PS/PBD blend. These results suggest that the polybutadiene dissolves more in the polystyrene phase than does the polystyrene in the polybutadiene phase.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution blending of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 1362-1372 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blends of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Blends were made of a low molecular weight PS with three PMMAs having number-average molecular weights of (1) 18,300, (2) 37,000, and (3) 211,000, The blend was found to be partially miscible. The composition-dependent values of the polymer-polymer interaction parameter (g12) were determined and found to be from 0.015 to 0.029 for solution casting at 25°C. The interaction parameter (g12) increases with increasing PMMA molecular weights in the PMMA/PS blend systems. This result is consistent with the behavior of the glass transition temperatures and with the microscopy study which indicate that compatibility is greater in the PMMA-1/PS blends having the low molecular weight of PMMA than in the PMMA-3/PS blends having the higher molecular weights of PMMA.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760282105
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility studies of blends of polycarbonate and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 28 (1990), S. 1409-1429 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Blends of bisphenol-A polyarbonate (PC) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Blends were prepared by screw extrusion and solution casting with weight fractions of PC in the blends varying from 0.90 to 0.10. From the measured glass transition temperature (Tg) and apparent weight fractions of PC and PET dissolved in each phase, it appears that PET dissolves more in the PC-rich phase than does the PC in the PET-rich phase. The composition-dependent values of the Flory-Huggins polymer-polymer-interaction parameter were determined and found to be from 0.054 to 0.037 for extruded blends at 275°C and from 0.058 to 0.040 for solution casting at 25°C. The interaction parameter decreases with increasing PET concentration. This result is consistent with the values of the Tgs, the microscopy study, and the measured extrudate swell ratios which show that compatibility increases more in the PET-rich compositions than in the PC-rich compositions. The PC-PET blends are not microscopically miscible for all the blend compositions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1990.090280901
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase behavior of blends of polycarbonate with partially miscible polymers (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 1575-1593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Phase behavior of blends of bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) with polystyrene (PS), poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN), poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) has been investigated. Blends were prepared by screw extrusion and solution casting with weight fractions of PC in the blends varying from 0.90 to 0.10. From the phase diagram of the blends, it appears that PS, SAN, ABS, PMMA, PET, and PBT dissolve more in the PC-rich phase than does PC in the PS-, SAN-, ABS-, PMMA-, PET-, and PBT-rich phases. Also, from the measured glass transition temperature (Tg) of the screw-extruded blends and the solution-cast blends, it appears that compatibility increases more in the PS-, SAN-, ABS-, PMMA, PET-, and PBT-rich compositions than in the PC-rich compositions. Composition-dependent values of the polymer-polymer interaction parameters (g12) of various blends were calculated and found to be from 0.034 to 0.053 for equal weights of each of the polymers with PC.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410718
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An approximate method for the determination of polymer-polymer interaction parameters of incompatible polymers in solution (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 37 (1989), S. 1909-1919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method is developed, based on Scott's equations for ternary systems of two polymers and a mutual solvent, for the calculation of values of the polymer-polymer interaction parameter, χ23, for systems in which both polymer-solvent interaction parameters χ12 and χ13 are not known a priori. Equilibrium phase studies were carried out on ternary systems of polystyrene, polybutadiene, and tetrahydrofuran or toluene at 23°C and 1 atm. Typical interaction parameter values (χ23) calculated by this new method were compared with the values of χ23 determined earlier using standard equations and known χ12 values for these systems, and were found to agree very well. It is concluded that the technique presented in this article can be used for mixed polymer systems in good mutual solvents where neither polymer-solvent interaction parameter is known, for determining an approximate value of the χ23 parameter alone.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070370714
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ternary blends of poly(amide-6)/polycarbonate/poly(ε-caprolactone) (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 1003-1011 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blends of poly(amide-6) (PA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) prepared by solution casting and screw extrusion have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). From the measured melting point (Tm) of the solution-cast PA/PCL blends, a Tm depression of the PA was observed for the investigated compositions. No Tm depression was found for the extruded PA/PCL blends, however. In the SEM study of the morphology of the solution-cast PA/PCL blends, phase separation was observed between the PA phase and the PCL phase for all blend compositions. For the extruded PA/PCL blends, however, more pronounced phase separation was observed for all blend compositions. Ternary blends of PA, PCL, and bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) have also been prepared by screw extrusion. From the study of morphology and extrudate swell of the PA/PC binary blends and the extruded PA/PC/PCL ternary blends, it appears that PCL could be used as a compatibilizer for the extruded PA/PC/PCL blends. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070490606
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal behavior and morphology of rubber-modified epoxies (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 1951-1957 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Rubber-modified epoxies of tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane and a carboxylterminated copolymer of butadiene-acrylonitrile (CTBN) have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and micrograph image analysis. Bisphenol-A (BPA) was used to produce chain-extended resins by reaction with the epoxy-terminated rubber. Diaminodiphenyl sulfone was used as a hardener. Partially cured resins were prepared with different amounts of added CTBN and cured in an oven for different cure times at 448 K. From the measured heat of reaction of the samples, a fast curing reaction was observed when BPA was present in the resin formulation. In the study of the morphology, the average size of the domains was seen to increase with the CTBN content. These CTBN-rich domains appear to include substantial amounts of epoxy material, as indicated by the measured glass transition temperature of the CTBN-rich phase. The size of domains was observed to range mostly from 0.1 to 5 μm in diameter and to show a slightly bimodal distribution, with modes around 1 μm and 3-4 μm when 15 and 20 phr CTBN was added. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070501112
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