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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parasitism byAphidius ervi (Hym.: Aphidiidae): Preference for pea aphid and blue alfalfa aphid (Hom.: Aphididae) and competition withA. Smithi (1993)
    Springer
    BioControl 38 (1993), S. 273-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Keywords: parasitism ; interspecitic competition ; host preference ; aphids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le puceron du pois (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) et le puceron bleu de la luzerne (A. kondoi Shinji) sont des ravageurs de la luzerneMedicago sativa L. Le parasitoïdeAphidius ervi Haliday se développe sur les deux espèces maisA. smithi ne se développe que surA. pisum. Des expériences furent réalisées afin de déterminer la préférence deA. ervi enversA. pisum etA. kondoi à trois niveaux de densité des hôtes. Le pourcentage de parasitisme, super-parasitisme et la distribution des œufs dans les hôtes ont été employés comme critères. Le résultat de la compétition entre les deux parasitoïdes quand tous deux sont exposés aux mêmes hôtes a aussi été examiné. Ce travail montre que,A. ervi parasite plus souventA. pisum quand ce dernier est présenté seul (“no choice test”), ou quand il est présenté en nombre égal au nombre deA. kondoi (“choice test”). Aucune différence significative n'a été obtenue entre le nombre de descendants des deux espèces quand une femelle de chaque espèce est exposée en même temps àA. pisum dans une même unité d'expérimentation.
    Notes: Abstract The pea aphidAcyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) and the blue alfalfa aphidA. kondoi Shinji are pests of alfalfaMedicago sativa L. worldwide. The parasitoidAphidium ervi Haliday attacks both species andA. smithi is host specific to pea aphid Experiments were conducted to determine the preference ofA. ervi forA. pisum andA. kondoi at three densities of hosts using the percentages of parasitism and superparasitism, and the distribution of eggs among hosts as criteria. Also examined was the outcome of competition between the two parasitoids when exposed to the same hosts. A. ervi attacks moreA. pisum when provided alone (no choice test) and when provided together in equal numbers withA. kondoi (choice test). There was no significant difference in the number of progeny produced by either parasitoid when a female of each species was introduced simultaneously into the same test unit containingA. pisum hosts. The effects of the pathogenPandora neoaphidis on this competition is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02372563
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Additive manufacturing using plasma transferred arc (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-21
    Print ISSN: 0268-3768
    Electronic ISSN: 1433-3015
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 3
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    Development and evaluation of a building energy model integrated in the TEB scheme (2012)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-29
    Description: The use of air-conditioning systems is expected to increase as a consequence of global-scale and urban-scale climate warming. In order to represent future scenarios of urban climate and building energy consumption, the Town Energy Balance (TEB) scheme must be improved. This paper presents a new building energy model (BEM) that has been integrated in the TEB scheme. BEM-TEB makes it possible to represent the energy effects of buildings and building systems on the urban climate and to estimate the building energy consumption at city scale (~10 km) with a resolution of a neighbourhood (~100 m). The physical and geometric definition of buildings in BEM has been intentionally kept as simple as possible, while maintaining the required features of a comprehensive building energy model. The model considers a single thermal zone, where the thermal inertia of building materials associated with multiple levels is represented by a generic thermal mass. The model accounts for heat gains due to transmitted solar radiation, heat conduction through the enclosure, infiltration, ventilation, and internal heat gains. BEM allows for previously unavailable sophistication in the modelling of air-conditioning systems. It accounts for the dependence of the system capacity and efficiency on indoor and outdoor air temperatures and solves the dehumidification of the air passing through the system. Furthermore, BEM includes specific models for passive systems, such as window shadowing devices and natural ventilation. BEM has satisfactorily passed different evaluation processes, including testing its modelling assumptions, verifying that the chosen equations are solved correctly, and validating the model with field data.
    Print ISSN: 1991-959X
    Electronic ISSN: 1991-9603
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 4
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    Development and evaluation of a building energy model integrated in the TEB scheme (2011)
    Copernicus
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-15
    Description: The use of air-conditioning systems is expected to increase as a consequence of global-scale and urban-scale climate warming. In order to represent future scenarios of urban climate and building energy consumption, the Town Energy Budget (TEB) scheme must be improved. This paper presents a new building energy model (BEM) that has been integrated in the TEB scheme. BEM-TEB makes it possible to represent the energy effects of buildings and building systems on the urban climate and to estimate the building energy consumption at city scale (~10 km) with a resolution of a neighbourhood (~100 m). The physical and geometric definition of buildings in BEM has been intentionally kept as simple as possible, while maintaining the required features of a comprehensive building energy model. The model considers a single thermal zone, where the thermal inertia of building materials associated with multiple levels is represented by a generic thermal mass. The model accounts for heat gains due to transmitted solar radiation, heat conduction through the enclosure, infiltration, ventilation, and internal heat gains. As a difference with respect to other building parameterizations used in urban climate, BEM includes specific models for real air-conditioning systems. It accounts for the dependence of the system capacity and efficiency on indoor and outdoor air temperatures and solves the dehumidification of the air passing through the system. Furthermore, BEM includes specific models for passive systems, such as window shadowing devices and natural ventilation. BEM has satisfactorily passed different evaluation processes, including testing its modelling assumptions, verifying that the chosen equations are solved correctly, and validating the model with field data.
    Print ISSN: 1991-9611
    Electronic ISSN: 1991-962X
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Copernicus on behalf of European Geosciences Union.
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  • 5
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    Adapting cities to climate change: A systemic modelling approach (2014)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Print ISSN: 2212-0955
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Elsevier
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