Publication Date:
2011-06-08
Description:
Engraftment and maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) depend on their ability to respond to extracellular signals from the bone marrow microenvironment, but the critical intracellular pathways integrating these signals remain poorly understood. Furthermore, recent studies provide contradictory evidence of the roles of vascular versus osteoblastic niche components in HSPC function. To address these questions and to dissect the complex upstream regulation of Rac GTPase activity in HSPC, we investigated the role of the hematopoietic-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav1 in HSPC localization and engraftment. Using intravital microscopy assays, we demonstrated that transplanted Vav1−/− HSPC showed impaired early localization near nestin+ perivascular mesenchymal stem cells; only 6.25% of Vav1−/− HSPC versus 45.8% of wild-type HSPC were located less than 30 μm from a nestin+ cell. Abnormal perivascular localization correlated with decreased retention of Vav1−/− HSPC in the bone marrow (44–60% reduction at 48 h posttransplant, compared with wild-type) and a very significant defect in short- and long-term engraftment in competitive and noncompetitive repopulation assays (
Print ISSN:
0027-8424
Electronic ISSN:
1091-6490
Topics:
Biology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
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