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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 817-817 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 255 (1977), S. 1139-1139 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 164 (1973), S. 135-147 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bicyclopropyl, ein Isomeres des 2,3-Dimethyl-butadiens-1,3, gibt in Gegenwart von LEWIS-Säuren oder verschiedenen ZIEGLER-NATTA-Katalysatoren Polymere, die aus verketteten Monocyclohexenbausteinen bestehen und vergleichbar sind mit jenen, die durch Cyclisierung von Polyisopren-1,4 entstehen. Die Starttemperaturen sind verhältinismäßig niedrig; die Umsatzgrade haben ein Maximum im Bereich von 50°C. Bei höheren Temperaturen fallen die Ausbeuten wegen der Struktur des Monomeren ab. Der Polymerisations-mechanismus besteht in einer Öffnung der beiden Cyclopropanringe, worauf eine Cyclisierung von zwei Grundbausteinen folgt.In Gegenwart von TiCl4/(C2H5)3Al verläuft die Polymerisation teilweise derart, daß sich nur ein Cyclopropanring öffnet und das erhaltene lineare Polymere seitenständig Cyclopropangruppen enthält.
    Notes: Le bicyclopropyle, isomère du diméthyl-2,3 butadiène-1,3, mis en présence d'acides de LEWIS ou de divers catalyseurs de ZIEGLER-NATTA conduit à des polymères formés d'un enchainement de motifs monocyclohexbniques, comparables à ceux qui sont obtenus par cyclisation du polyisoprbne-1,4. Les températures d'amorçage peuvent être relativement faibles et les taux de conversion presentent un maximum pour les temperatures voisines de 50°C. Aux temperatures plus Clevees, les taux de conversion dhcroissent du fait même de la nature du monomere. Le mecanisme de polymerisation prockde par ouverture des deux cyclopropanes, suivie d'une riaction de cyclisation entre deux unitis monomères.En presence du couple TiCl4/Et3Al, la polymerisation s'effectue en partie par ouverture d'un seul cyclopropane : un polymhre lineaire possedant des groupements cyclopropaniques en chafne laterale est alors obtenu.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bicyclische Verbindungen mit der Struktur von gem-Dihalogenbicyclo[n.1.0]-alkanen scheinen wegen einer gemeinsamen Bindung des Cyclopropanringes mit dem anderen Ring von Interesse zu sein. Diese Monomeren wurden durch Addition von Dichlorcarbenen an verschiedene Cycloolefine und Methyl-1-cycloolefine hergestellt. Trizentrische Ringöffnungsreaktionen an den gem-Dihalogen-bicyclen wurden mit elektrophilen Reagenzien und mittels Pyrolyse untersucht; in allen Fällen erfolgte die Öffnung allein über die den Ringen gemeinsame Bindung. Die kationische Polymerisation dieser Verbindungen und jene mit komplexen Katalysatoren, die Übergangsmetalle enthalten, gaben Oligomere, wobei gleichzeitig Halogenwasserstoffabspaltung auftrat. Die systematische Untersuchung mit zahlreichen Initiatoren zeigt die Wichtigkeit der Ringgröße des am Cyclopropanring gebundenen Ringes an.
    Notes: The bicyclic systems of the gem-dihalo bicyclo (n.1.0) alkanes type, appear to be of particular interest because of the presence of a common bond between the cyclopropane and the other ring. These monomers are prepared by addition of dichloro-carbene to the corresponding cyclenes and 1-methyl cyclenes. The tricentric ring-opening reactions in the gemdihalo-bicyclic compounds has been studied both using electrophilic reactants and by pyrolysis and in all cases, opening is made uniquely by rupture of the bond common to both rings. Polymerization of these compounds by cationic means and by means of complex catalysts of transition metals gives oligomers and there is simultaneous dehydrohalogenation. Systematic studies carried out using a number of initiators make it possible to demonstrate the importance of size of the ring fused to the cyclopropane.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 887-898 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Low vapor tension polymerized acrylates as thin films when they are subjected to a cold plasma. The plasma-induced polymerization is described in terms of direct or indirect energy transfer from the plasma to the monomer. The indirect transfer is related to the absorption of UV-visible radiations by the monomer. The radiations are emitted from excited species of the plasma. Direct transfers correspond to the reactive species collision (radicals, ions metastable species) with a molecule of monomer. The polymerization is a result of these two kinds of transfers. Direct transfers lead to competitive reactions (addition, terminations and degradation, etc.) and acrylate polymerization is mostly induced by the UV-visible radiations.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52 (1994), S. 1309-1316 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The use of phosphorus for improving flame retardancy of natural rubber vulcanizates was attempted by incorporating a modified form of natural rubber. By reacting epoxidized liquid natural rubber (ELNR) with dibutylphosphate it was possible to chemically modify the polymer. On a 25% epoxidized LNR, 5.2-6.8% w/w of phosphorus could be fixed on the polymer backbone. The reaction carried out in bulk and solution resulted in products with different Tg values probably due to the varying crosslink levels in the resultant products. Chemical analysis of the modified polymers prepared by two sets of reactions under identical conditions proved the reproducibility of the reactions in bulk and in solution. Incorporation of the phosphorus-modified ELNR in a natural rubber formulation decreased the flammability behaviors of the vulcanizate. On the other hand, a decrease of the rate of curing and mechanical properties was observed. The phosphorus addition could also be carried out by mixing ELNR and dibutylphosphate at the time of mixing the compounds and resulted in equally good flame retardance with relatively better processing and mechanical properties. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 1855-1868 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The improvement of flame-retardation of thermosetted epoxy-amine resins was attempted by chemically incorporating phosphorus-containing reagents. By reacting 4,4′-diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) with dialkyl (or aryl) phosphate, it was possible to chemically modify the epoxy resin and then cure it in the presence of 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) to obtain epoxy-amine resin with good flame-retardant and thermal stability behaviors. The quantitative aspect of the addition of dialkyl (or aryl) phosphate onto glycidyle oxiranes was evaluated by elemental analysis of the modified epoxy-amine resins. Flammability and thermal behaviors of modified DGEBA/DDS resins depend on the nature of phosphate groups (the best flame-retardation was observed on resins bearing phenyl phosphate groups) and their concentration in the material. In relation to DGEBA/DDS samples containing additives of the same structure [trialkyl(or aryl) phosphate], cured resins incorporating chemically bonded phosphate groups show a better flame-retardation. On the contrary to the nonomodified DGEBA/DDS [with or without trialkyl (or aryl) phosphate as additive], combustion of modified DGEBA/DDS resins is accompanied by formation of intumescent char. Chemical modification of DGEBA by dialkyl (or aryl) phosphates can be carried out in situ during the curing of epoxy resins without change in the fire behavior. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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