ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Description: Toughening in hierarchically structured materials like bone arises from the arrangement of constituent material elements and their interactions. Unlike microcracking, which entails micrometer-level separation, there is no known evidence of fracture at the level of bone’s nanostructure. Here, we show that the initiation of fracture occurs in bone at the...

Print ISSN: 0027-8424

Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General

Published by National Academy of Sciences

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

PAPER CURRENT

S·F·X

Fulltext

3

Unknown

Mineralization of Bones and Teeth (2007)

Boskey, A. L.

Mineralogical Society of America

In: Elements. 2007; 3(6): 385-391. Published 2007 Dec 01. doi: 10.2113/gselements.3.6.385.

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Print ISSN: 1811-5209

Electronic ISSN: 1811-5217

Topics: Geosciences

Published by Mineralogical Society of America

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

PAPER CURRENT

S·F·X

Fulltext

4

Unknown

Spectroscopic characterization of collagen cross-links in bone (2001)

Mendelsohn, R. ; Boskey, A. L. ; Doty, S. B. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Collagen is the most abundant protein of the organic matrix in mineralizing tissues. One of its most critical properties is its cross-linking pattern. The intermolecular cross-linking provides the fibrillar matrices with mechanical properties such as tensile strength and viscoelasticity. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and FTIR imaging (FTIRI) analyses were performed in a series of biochemically characterized samples including purified collagen cross-linked peptides, demineralized bovine bone collagen from animals of different ages, collagen from vitamin B6-deficient chick homogenized bone and their age- and sex-matched controls, and histologically stained thin sections from normal human iliac crest biopsy specimens. One region of the FTIR spectrum of particular interest (the amide I spectral region) was resolved into its underlying components. Of these components, the relative percent area ratio of two subbands at approximately 1660 cm(-1) and approximately 1690 cm(-1) was related to collagen cross-links that are abundant in mineralized tissues (i.e., pyridinoline [Pyr] and dehydrodihydroxylysinonorleucine [deH-DHLNL]). This study shows that it is feasible to monitor Pyr and DHLNL collagen cross-links spatial distribution in mineralized tissues. The spectroscopic parameter established in this study may be used in FTIRI analyses, thus enabling the calculation of relative Pyr/DHLNL amounts in thin (approximately 5 microm) calcified tissue sections with a spatial resolution of approximately 7 microm.

Keywords: Life Sciences (General)

Type: Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ISSN 0884-0431); 16; 10; 1821-8

Format: text

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS

S·F·X

5

Unknown

Studies of matrix vesicle-induced mineralization in a gelatin gel (1992)

Doty, S. B. ; Greer, K. ; Feliciano, A. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Matrix vesicles isolated from fourth-passage cultures of chondrocytes were tested for their ability to induce hydroxyapatite formation in a gelatin gel in order to gain insight into the function of matrix vesicles in in situ mineralization. These matrix vesicles did not appear to be hydroxyapatite nucleators per se since the extent of mineral accumulation in the gel diffusion system was not altered by the presence of matrix vesicles alone, and in the vesicle containing gels, mineral crystals were formed whether associated with vesicles or not. In gels with these matrix vesicles and beta-glycerophosphate, despite the presence of alkaline phosphatase activity, there was no increase in mineral deposition. This suggested that in the gel system these culture-derived vesicles did not increase local phosphate concentrations. However, when known inhibitors of mineral crystal formation and growth (proteoglycan aggregates [4 mg/ml], or ATP [1 mM], or both proteoglycan and ATP) were included in the gel, more mineral was deposited in gels with the vesicles than in comparable gels without vesicles, indicating that enzymes within these vesicles were functioning to remove the inhibition. These data support the suggestion that one function of the extracellular matrix vesicles is to transport enzymes for matrix modification.

Keywords: Life Sciences (General)

Type: Bone and mineral (ISSN 0169-6009); 17; 2; 257-62

Format: text

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS

S·F·X

6

Unknown

Vitamin C-sulfate inhibits mineralization in chondrocyte cultures: a caveat (2001)

Blank, R. D. ; Doty, S. B. ; Boskey, A. L.

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Differentiating chick limb-bud mesenchymal cell micro-mass cultures routinely mineralize in the presence of 10% fetal calf serum, antibiotics, 4 mM inorganic phosphate (or 2.5 mM beta-glycerophosphate), 0.3 mg/ml glutamine and either 25 microg/ml vitamin C or 5-12 microg/ml vitamin C-sulfate. The failure of these cultures to produce a mineralized matrix (assessed by electron microscopy, 45Ca uptake and Fourier transform infrared microscopy) led to the evaluation of each of these additives. We report here that the "stable" vitamin C-sulfate (ascorbic acid-2-sulfate) causes increased sulfate incorporation into the cartilage matrix. Furthermore, the release of sulfate from the vitamin C derivative appears to be responsible for the inhibition of mineral deposition, as demonstrated in cultures with equimolar amounts of vitamin C and sodium sulfate.

Keywords: Life Sciences (General)

Type: Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology (ISSN 0945-053X); 20; 2; 99-106

Format: text

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS

S·F·X

7

Unknown

FT-IR microscopic mappings of early mineralization in chick limb bud mesenchymal cell cultures (1992)

Binderman, I. ; Camacho, N. P. ; Doty, S. B. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: Chick limb bud mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes and form a cartilaginous matrix in culture. In this study, the mineral formed in different areas within cultures supplemented with 4 mM inorganic phosphate, or 2.5, 5.0, and 10 mM beta-glycerophosphate (beta GP), was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) microscopy. The relative mineral-to-matrix ratios, and distribution of crystal sizes at specific locations throughout the matrix were measured from day 14 to day 30. The only mineral phase detected was a poorly crystalline apatite. Cultures receiving 4 mM inorganic phosphate had smaller crystals which were less randomly distributed around the cartilage nodules than those in the beta GP-treated cultures. beta GP-induced mineral consisted of larger, more perfect apatite crystals. In cultures receiving 5 or 10 mM beta GP, the relative mineral-to-matrix ratios (calculated from the integrated intensities of the phosphate and amide I bands, respectively) were higher than in the cultures with 4 mM inorganic phosphate or in the in vivo calcified chick cartilage.

Keywords: Life Sciences (General)

Type: Calcified tissue international (ISSN 0171-967X); 51; 6; 443-8

Format: text

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS

S·F·X

8

Unknown

Studies of mineralization in tissue culture: optimal conditions for cartilage calcification (1992)

Leboy, P. ; Boskey, A. L. ; Doty, S. B. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: The optimal conditions for obtaining a calcified cartilage matrix approximating that which exists in situ were established in a differentiating chick limb bud mesenchymal cell culture system. Using cells from stage 21-24 embryos in a micro-mass culture, at an optimal density of 0.5 million cells/20 microliters spot, the deposition of small crystals of hydroxyapatite on a collagenous matrix and matrix vesicles was detected by day 21 using X-ray diffraction, FT-IR microscopy, and electron microscopy. Optimal media, containing 1.1 mM Ca, 4 mM P, 25 micrograms/ml vitamin C, 0.3 mg/ml glutamine, no Hepes buffer, and 10% fetal bovine serum, produced matrix resembling the calcifying cartilage matrix of fetal chick long bones. Interestingly, higher concentrations of fetal bovine serum had an inhibitory effect on calcification. The cartilage phenotype was confirmed based on the cellular expression of cartilage collagen and proteoglycan mRNAs, the presence of type II and type X collagen, and cartilage type proteoglycan at the light microscopic level, and the presence of chondrocytes and matrix vesicles at the EM level. The system is proposed as a model for evaluating the events in cell mediated cartilage calcification.

Keywords: Life Sciences (General)

Type: Bone and mineral (ISSN 0169-6009); 16; 1; 11-36

Format: text

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS

S·F·X

9

Unknown

Pyridoxine deficiency affects biomechanical properties of chick tibial bone (1996)

Masse, P. G. ; Boskey, A. L. ; Howell, D. S. ; [et al.]

In: Other Sources

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

Publication Date: 2019-07-13

Description: The mechanical integrity of bone is dependent on the bone matrix, which is believed to account for the plastic deformation of the tissue, and the mineral, which is believed to account for the elastic deformation. The validity of this model is shown in this study based on analysis of the bones of vitamin B6-deficient and vitamin B6-replete chick bones. In this model, when B6-deficient and control animals are compared, vitamin B6 deficiency has no effect on the mineral content or composition of cortical bone as measured by ash weight (63 +/- 6 vs. 58 +/- 3); mineral to matrix ratio of the FTIR spectra (4.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 4.5 +/- 0.2), line-broadening analyses of the X-ray diffraction 002 peak (beta 002 = 0.50 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.49 +/- 0.01), or other features of the infrared spectra. In contrast, collagen was significantly more extractable from vitamin B6-deficient chick bones (20 +/- 2% of total hydroxyproline extracted vs. 10 +/- 3% p 〈 or = 0.001). The B6-deficient bones also contained an increased amount of the reducible cross-links DHLNL, dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine, (1.03 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.84 +/- 0.13 p 〈 or = 0.001); and a nonsignificant increase in HLNL, dehydro-hydroxylysinonorleucine, (0.51 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.43 +/- 0.03, p 〈 or = 0.10). There were no significant changes in bone length, bone diameter, or area moment of inertia. In four-point bending, no significant changes in elastic modulus, stiffness, offset yield deflection, or fracture deflection were detected. However, fracture load in the B6-deficient animals was decreased from 203 +/- 35 MPa to 151 +/- 23 MPa, p 〈 or = 0.01, and offset yield load was decreased from 165 +/- 9 MPa to 125 +/- 14 MPa, p 〈 or = 0.05. Since earlier histomorphometric studies had demonstrated that the B6-deficient bones were osteopenic, these data suggest that although proper cortical bone mineralization occurred, the alterations of the collagen resulted in changes to bone mechanical performance.

Keywords: Aerospace Medicine

Type: Bone (ISSN 8756-3282); 18; 6; 567-74

Format: text

Permalink