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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing hematopoietic spleen colony formation in irradiated mice. IV. The effect of erythropoietic stimuliThis investigation was supported by a research grant (AM-04489) and a graduate training grant (2A-5098) from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 71 (1968), S. 65-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A variety of erythropoietic stimuli influenced the number of endogenous spleen colonies in irradiated mice and the number of transplantable colony forming cells in the spleen and marrow of unirradiated mice.Bleeding was the most effective stimulus. Bleeding before irradiation resulted in a 30-fold increase in endogenous spleen colonies and in increases in spleen weight, spleen iron and iododeoxyuridine uptake and volume of packed red cells ten days after irradiation. Bleeding unirradiated mice produced a 10-fold increase in the number of transplantable colony forming cells in the spleen and a slight decrease in the total number in the humerus. Bleeding before irradiation resulted in a significant reduction in 30-day post irradiation deaths, an effect abolished by splenectomy. Plasma from bled mice induced an increase in endogenous colonies when injected before irradiation into normal mice.Injection of erythropoietin, testosterone or testosterone plus cobalt induced effects which were, in general, qualitatively similar to those of bleeding, although they were less effective quantitatively. Except for a slight effect induced by ten injections of erythropoietin, post-irradiation stimulation in normal mice proved ineffective. Erythropoietin increased colony numbers and spleen iron uptake when given after irradiation to hypertransfused mice.The results of these studies do not support the concept that the colony forming cell and the erythropoietin sensitive cell are separate entities.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040710109
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreased neutrophils and megakaryocytes in anemic mice of genotype W/Wv (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 73 (1969), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The concentration of neutrophils and megakaryocytes was determined in the marrow of anemic mice of genotype W/Wv and their normal (+/+) litter mates. In all groups studied, the humerus of W/Wv mice contained significantly less neutrophils and megakaryocytes than did normal animals. Blood neutrophil concentration was less in all groups of W/Wv mice but in only one group which was the youngest group studied, did this value differ significantly from normal.The blood and marrow neutrophil response to endotoxin was similar in W/Wv and “+/+” animals. This suggests that the neutrophilic system of W/Wv mice responds to this stimulus in a relatively normal manner, much as their erythroid system responds to hypoxia, and androgens.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040730104
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  • 3
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    Editorial: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Theory in Relation to Possible Lymphoblastic Conversion of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (1974)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 4
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    The Frequency of Heterozygosity for S and C Hemoglobins in Western Pennsylvania (1974)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1974-11-01
    Description: The frequency of AS and AC type hemoglobin was studied by hemoglobin electrophoresis in 26,882 residents of Western Pennsylvania. In the black population, the frequency of S trait was estimated at 7.4% and the frequency of C trait at 1.8%. Reasons for variation in frequency from one to another subpopulation are discussed. The frequency of S and C trait was independent of age, suggesting little or no mortality can be attributed to these traits. Sickle trait was no more common in outpatients than in the general population, suggesting little or no significant trait-associated morbidity.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 5
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    Dedication: Maxwell M. Wintrobe (1973)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1973-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 6
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    Serum Protein Changes in Malignant Diseases. I. The Acute Leukemias (1960)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-10-01
    Description: A study of the serum protein changes and clinical events in acute myeloblastic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia was undertaken as a part of investigations on the effects of malignancies in man. In order to appraise the effects of the leukemic processes, an evaluation of the effects of disease type, activity, complications and therapy was also undertaken. Over a five-year period, clinical appraisal and electrophoretic serum protein analyses were compared 171 times in 82 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 64 times in 28 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Serum electrophoretic evaluation showed characteristic patterns in the two types of acute leukemia studied. Analyses conducted in the absence of fever, infection or liver disease typically revealed elevation of the gamma globulins in myeloblastic but not in lymphoblastic leukemia. Alpha-2 globulin elevation, however, was representative of active lymphoblastic leukemia. Serum albumin was significantly lowered, and the beta globulins component remained essentially normal in both myeloblastic and lymphoblastic leukemia. Alpha-1 and alpha-2 globulin values were notable for the wide range of values obtained. Hematologic remission in some patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was associated with a return of albumin and alpha globulin values toward normal, but the total experience indicated a general persistence during remission of the abnormalities seen in active diseases. Fever, in the absence of infection, was associated with elevation of the alpha-1 globulin component. Bacterial infection was associated with similar elevation of the alpha-1 globulin fraction and, in addition, a further fall in serum albumin levels. Marked depression of the gamma globulins was unusual. The mild decreases encountered in lymphoblastic leukemia could not be related to the frequency of bacterial infection. Administration of antimetabolites or adrenal corticosteroids could not be shown to produce any direct effect on the serum electrophoretic components.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 7
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    The Cellular Composition of Inflammatory Exudates in Human Leukemias (1960)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-04-01
    Description: An induced inflammation in patients with the leukemias was studied with reference to the cellular character of the exudate. Patients with the chronic forms of leukemia generally exhibited a normal cellular response. The granulocytic character of the exudate was proportional to the number of circulating mature neutrophils and metamyelocytes. Immature leukemic cells were not found in the exudates. The patients with acute leukemia with markedly reduced circulating mature granulocytes responded with acellular exudates or with marked qualitative and quantitative alteration in cellular composition. Bacterial infection was most frequent in the patients with few or no cells in the exudate. The nature of the defect or defects in leukemia relating to increased susceptibility to bacterial infection are reviewed.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 8
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    A Study of Prednisone Therapy in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (1961)
    American Society of Hematology
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    Publication Date: 1961-02-01
    Description: A study of prednisone therapy in 18 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is reported. 1. Antileukemic effects consisting of subjective improvement, decrease in organ infiltration, improvement in hemoglobulin and absolute neutrophil count occurred. 2. These effects were transient. 3. An increase, often marked, in the number of circulating lymphocytes occurred in 16 of the 18 patients. 4. The administration of prednisone was attended by an increase in the severity of infections. Some increase in the frequency of infections was also observed, but this was not statistically significant (p 〉 0.05). It is concluded that corticosteroids should not be used electively in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia except in the presence of hemolytic anemia, significant thrombocytopenia or in the presence of advanced disease associated with bone marrow failure.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 9
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    Patterns of Proliferation and Differentiation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells After Compartment Depletion (1971)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1971-05-01
    Description: The time of onset and rate of self-replication in the irradiation depleted pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell compartment of mice was measured by a split-dose irradiation method. Mice were irradiated to reduce the compartment size and at daily intervals thereafter were again irradiated; 10 days after the second irradiation the number of endogenous spleen colonies was determined. As irradiation interval was lengthened, colonies increased in an exponential fashion with no apparent lag interval after the first irradiation. The doubling time of the colony-forming cell compartment was calculated as 16 hr if severely reduced in size by 300 R or more but was slower if less irradiation was given. The time of resumption of erythropoiesis following irradiation was measured after 100-900 R by determining uptake of radioactive iron into marrow, spleen, and circulating red cells each day after irradiation. With 200 R or less, erythropoiesis was not abolished. With higher doses there was an interval of no apparent erythropoiesis which increased by 1.6 days for each increment of 100 R. These results are compatible with a pluripotential stem cell compartment, which (1) begins self replication almost immediately following compartment size reduction, and (2) will not differentiate if reduced in size below approximately 10% of normal.
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    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 10
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    Leukokinetic Studies. VII. Morphology of the Bone Marrow and Blood of Dogs Given Vinblastine Sulfate (1964)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1964-01-01
    Description: The effect of a single injection of vinblastine sulfate was studied in 50 mongrel dogs. Nine of 34 dogs given 0.2 mg./Kg. of VLB died with gastrointestinal toxicity and the mortality rate increased as the dosage of VLB was increased. The morphologic pattern of leukocyte suppression and recovery in the bone marrow and blood was studied in detail in surviving animals. The cells of the bone marrow were markedly affected by VLB. Within 4 hours there was an increase in the number of cells in metaphase and, by day 1, virtually all proliferating leukocytes and erythrocytes had disappeared. An orderly repopulation of the bone marrow followed. The neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes of the blood were all markedly altered in concentration after VLB. Each type of cell first decreased to abnormally small numbers and then increased to abnormally large numbers in the blood. The curve of disappearance from and reappearance in the blood differed for each cell type. The changes in blood neutrophil number and morphology were correlated with changes in the blood neutrophil precursor cells of the marrow. The following conclusions were reached concerning the neutrophils and the assumptions implicit to these conclusions were detailed. 1. In the dog, the marrow contains enough post-mitotic granulocytes to replace those lost from the blood for at least 3 to 4 days. 2. The release of mature neutrophils from the bone marrow is a function of the rate at which blood neutrophils are lost and proceeds normally even when the marrow granulocyte reserve is partially depleted.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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