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Observations sur la structure du système nerveux céphalique (cerveau, masse sous-œsophagienne et complexe rétro-cérébral) de la fourmiAphænogaster senilis (Mayr, 1853) (Hymenoptera myrmicinæ) (1969)

Bressac, Claude ; Bitsch, Jacques

Springer

Insectes sociaux 16 (1969), S. 135-148

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ISSN: 1420-9098

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Description / Table of Contents: Summary The structure of the cephalic nervous system has been studied in the three castes of the antAphænogaster senilis on paraffin sections stained by general methods. - Among ocelli (present only in sexed individuals), the median one is supplied with two nervous roots. - The corpora pedunculata are more developed in queens and workers than in males. - The deutocerebrum consists of two distinct regions: a well developed sensory area (=olfactory lobes), and a motor one in a sub-oesophageal position. - The tritocerebrum, extremely reduced, consists of two small lobes placed one against the other under the digestive tract. - The recurrent nerve, at the level of the retro-cerebral complex, is situated in a peri-oesophageal sheath which is the anterior prolongation of the cephalic aorta. There is no genuine hypocerebral ganglion.

Notes: Résumé La structure du système nerveux céphalique a été étudiée dans les trois castes de la fourmiAphænogaster senilis sur des coupes à la paraffine colorées par des techniques simples. - Parmi les ocelles (présents uniquement chez les individus sexués), l'ocelle médian possède une double racine nerveuse. - Les corps pédonculés sont plus développés chez les reines et les ouvrières que chez les mâles. - Le deutocérébrum comporte deux régions distinctes: une sensorielle très développée (=lobes olfactifs), et une motrice en position sous-œsophagienne. - Le tritocérébrum, extrêmement réduit, est constitué par deux petits lobes placés l'un contre l'autre sous le tube digestif. - Le nerf récurrent, au niveau du complexe rétro-cérébral, est logé dans un manchon péri-œsophagien qui est un prolongement antérieur de l'aorte céphalique. Il n'y a pas de véritable ganglion hypocérébral. - Les tailles des corpora allata et des corpora cardiaca varient avec la caste. Elles sont maximales chez les reines, et minimales chez les mâles. Chaque corpus cardiacum est innervé par un nerf unique résultant de la fusion de deux racines intracérébrales.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02223405

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Modifications ultrastructurales des glandes vésiculaires des Machilidae (Insecta, Thysanura) au cours des cycles de mue (1976)

Bitsch, Jacques ; Palévody, Claude

Springer

Zoomorphology 83 (1976), S. 89-108

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ISSN: 1432-234X

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary During the period between apolysis and ecdysis, the vesicular glands show many important transformations which affect not only the cuticular ductules, but all the cells. The cytoplasm of the glandular cells undergoes a partial autolysis, whereas other parts of the cells present a high secretory activity. Immediately after the apolysis the cellular reservoir empties and disappears almost completely; soon after, refills with secretion. The most interesting transformations concern each ciliary cell, always associated with a glandular cell. In the first phase of the moulting cycle, the dendrite of the ciliary cell grows a ciliumlike extension (= distal region of the dendrite), which penetrates into the corresponding ductule; the new intima of this ductule is laid around the cilium. At the same time, the proximal region of the dendrite forms a circular fold around the base of the cilium and begins to secrete a material which will form the end apparatus. This latter is finished during the second phase of the cycle. The third phase is characterized by the degeneration of the distal region of the dendrite and the circular fold. Thus, the end apparatus is not a secretion of the ductule-carrying cell, but of the ciliary cell. At the end of the moulting period, just before ecdysis, the vesicular gland again takes the structure characteristic of the intermoult: the reservoir of the glandular cell is very large; the cuticular apparatus is almost formed; the dendrite of the ciliary cells shows, at its apex, a short “cilium” (= ciliary region s. str. + short distal region) surrounded by microvilli, free in the secretion of the reservoir.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00995431

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L'épithélium absorbant des vésicules coxales des Machilides (Insecta Thysanura) (1973)

Bitsch, Jacques ; Palévody, Claude

Springer

Cell & tissue research 143 (1973), S. 169-182

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ISSN: 1432-0878

Keywords: Insecta Tysanura Machilida ; Protrusible (coxal) vesicles ; Water absorption ; Ultrastructure

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les Machilides présentent une série de vésicules abdominales paires, sous forme de sacs exsertiles capables d'absorber l'eau d'un film liquide. Les coupes histologiques montrent qu'une partie de la paroi de ces vésicules est faite d'un épithélium particulier revêtu d'une intima cuticulaire plus épaisse que celle de l'épithelium banal. La microscopie électronique permet de préciser la structure des cellules absorbantes qui sont caractérisés essentiellement par des microvillosités apicales et de profondes invaginations de la membrane plasmique basale associées à des mitochondries allongées. Une comparison est faite avec d'autres types de cellules absorbantes connues chez les Arthropodes, notamment dans le rectum. Grâce à leurs vésicules abdominales, les Thysanoures possèdent des organes originaux jouant un rôle important dans l'équilibre hydrique de ces insectes.

Notes: Summary The Machilida are endowed with several abdominal vesicles which are protrusible sacs capable of absorbing water from the substrate surface. Histology shows that a part of their outer wall consists of a particular epithelium covered by a cuticular intima, which is thicker than the intima of the common epithelium. The absorbing cells are electronmicroscopically characterized by apical microvilli and deep infoldings of the basal plasma membrane which are associated with mitochondria. A comparison is drawn with other types of absorbing cells already known, especially with those in the rectum of insects. Thanks to their abdominal vesicles, the Thysanura possess unique organs which play an important role in the control of their water balance.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307477

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Ultrastructural modifications of the glandular epithelium of the receptaculum seminis in Thermobia domestica (Insecta: Thysanura) during the moulting period (1981)

Bitsch, Jacques

Springer

Cell & tissue research 220 (1981), S. 99-113

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ISSN: 1432-0878

Keywords: Receptaculum seminis ; Exocrine glandular units ; Ciliary and secretory cells ; Cuticular apparatus ; Insecta Apterygota

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Summary The wall of the receptaculum seminis of Thermobia domestica is composed of numerous glandular units, each with four enveloping cells (denoted 1 to 4) separated by ordinary epithelial cells and associated with a cuticular apparatus. During the moulting periods, which continue to occur in the adult stage, these cells undergo a series of transformations. Just before apolysis there is a dedifferentiation of numerous cytoplasmic organelles, but no mitosis has been observed. When the intima lifts off, the apical system of each glandular unit, i.e. the distal parts of the C2 and C3 cells surrounding the end apparatus, is also eliminated. Then at the apex of each glandular unit, a new ductule is formed in the cavity of which a long ciliary process grows up from cell C1. Finally comes the phase of cuticle formation, i.e., epicuticle for the ductules, epi-and endocuticle for the intima lining the central cavity of the receptaculum. Various cell types participate in secretion of cuticle, the ciliary cells (C1) being responsible for the formation of the porous end apparatus. At ecdysis almost all of the new intima has been secreted and the apical systems are once more differentiated. These transformations are compared with those recently described in other exocrine glands of arthropods, e.g., tegumentary glands and accessory glands of the genital ducts.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209969

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Polypeptide composition and biosynthesis of the yolk proteins in the firebrat, Thermobia domestica (insecta, thysanura) (1988)

Rousset, André ; Bitsch, Colette ; Bitsch, Jacques

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 9 (1988), S. 299-312

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ISSN: 0739-4462

Keywords: polypeptides ; immunology ; pulse-chase ; processing ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Ion-exchange chromatography of crude ovarian extracts of the primitive insect Thermobia domestica allowed the separation, in native conditions, of major and minor vitellins of molecular weights of 300,000 and 430,000, respectively. Their polypeptide subunits were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunotransfer using an antiserum prepared against major vitellin. This protein was resolved into large (Mr 166,000-212,000) and small (around Mr 50,000) polypeptides. Minor vitellin, on the other hand, exclusively contained small polypeptides that are immunologically different from those of the major vitellin. Vitellogenin polypeptides from the hemolymph of mature females exhibited electrophoretic mobilities and immunological properties similar to vitellin polypeptides. Pulse-chase experiments showed that the female fat body synthesizes radioactive and immunoprecipitable proteins, whose polypeptide pattern is close to that of the major vitellogenin. However, part of the primary vitellogenic polypeptides, at Mr 210,000 and 212,000, is rapidly processed to Mr 176,000 and 182,000 subunits. These two polypeptides, as well as the precursors, enter into the composition of the major hemolymph vitellogenin. Finally, processing of the still uncleaved 210,000-212,000 polypeptides takes place in the ovary, which performs the same step of vitellogenin maturation as the fat body.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940090405

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