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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 6 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue thresholds and crack growth rates up to 10−4 mm cycle −1 have been measured in β processed IMI 685. The results obtained in laboratory air for material having an aligned α microstructure and a random basketweave microstructure displayed a pronounced load ratio dependence which increased with decreasing ΔK. This sensitivity to mean load was also apparent from the threshold results determined in a vacuum of 5 ± 10−6 torr.Fractographic observations, compliance measurements, pd output and crack path replication have indicated that contacts can be made between the fracture faces at a number of points behind the crack tip during the load cycle. These contacts wedge the crack open, thus preventing the stress intensity from falling to the value associated with the minimum applied load. A critical stress intensity, Kop, has been determined which relates to the crack being fully “open” and the results are reanalysed and discussed in terms of an effective stress intensity range, ΔKeff.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 15 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— This paper describes the use of an optical crack monitoring system designed to examine the growth behaviour of short/long fatigue cracks in Waspaloy at room and elevated temperature. Its use at 19 and 500°C is demonstrated at stress ratios of 0.1 and -1. Fatigue crack formation was associated with slip band cracking at both R= 0.1 and R= -1. At 19°C short crack growth at R= -1 and R= 0.1 could not be normalized by adopting a positive stress approach. The compressive part of the fatigue cycle at R= -1 contributed to short crack growth at 19°C and long crack growth at 500°C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 1 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack growth and threshold behaviour have been examined in three commercial aluminium alloys in both air and vacuum environments. It was observed that, in air, the threshold stress intensity range ΔKt, varied linearly with the ΔKt ratio. In contrast ΔK, in vacuum was found to be independent of R. Over the whole growth rate range examined fatigue crack growth in vacuum was ΔK controlled and failure occurred by a dimple and ductile striation mechanism. This also applied to failure in the intermediate growth rate ranges in air. However, at slow growth rates in air, fatigue crack growth was structure sensitive and crystallographic facets were formed during the crack propagation process.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 1 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— Fatigue crack closure in commercial titanium has been investigated by examining the crack profile using a two-stage replica technique and by monitoring the crack raouth opening displacement. The replicas show that when closure occurs the crack does not close back from the crack tip but at discrete contact points along the crack faces. The observed closure mechanism is therefore quite different from the generally accepted model. Assuming that the contact points wedge the crack open, the stress intensity at the minimum load is greater than expected and the range of the stress intensity is effectively reduced. Also, it was found that the crack growth rates measured in the range 0·05 ≦R≦ 0·7 showed a singular dependence on the parameter Δθ which for SEN specimens approximates to the change in angle subtended by the crack faces. It is therefore suggested that there is a direct link between Δθ and the effective stress intensity amplitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 19 (1969), S. 343-346 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Coarse grained (∼0·3 mm) α-titanium has been fatigued in tension-compression about a zero mean load to ∼100 cycles/sec at normal temperature. Sections through fatigued specimens revealed that twin formation had occurred in grains completely constrained by surrounding material during cyclic loading and that fatigue damage was associated with some of these twins. A micro-beam X-ray and single face sterographic analysis technique combined with metallographic observations of the specimens revealed that {10¯12}, {11¯21} and {11¯22} twins had formed and that the internal fatigue damage was preferentially formed at the twin-matrix interface of the {11¯21} twins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1972), S. 23-30 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Deformation studies have been performed on bulk polycrystalline titanium hydride, of compositions between TiH1.53 and TiM,1.99, and at temperatures between −35 and 200° C. The yield stress increased with decreasing temperature and with increasing non-stoichiometric hydrogen vacancy content. The temperature dependence of the yield stress was enhanced with increasing vacancy content. Two-surface analysis of slip lines revealed that the slip plane was {1 1 1}. Strain-rate tests on TiH1.65 demonstrated a considerable strain-rate dependence of both yield and fracture characteristics. The effects of test temperature, non-stoichiometric defect concentration and strain-rate on the deformation and fracture characteristics are shown to be strongly related to hydrogen ion mobility.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1973), S. 1296-1306 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Composites of 1 to 20 vol % sapphire whiskers contained in a nickel matrix were annealed in vacuum in the temperature range 1100 to 1400° C for times up to 1000 h. After annealing, whiskers and alumina particles were extracted from composites and examined by optical and electron microscopy. The change of the aspect ratio distribution of whiskers during annealing was determined and related to the theory of tip ovulation. Pronounced spheroidization of whiskers occurred. This was only partly due to ovulation from the tips of whiskers by interfacial diffusion. Ostwald ripening made a significant contribution to the extent of spheroidization. For sapphire whiskers in nickel, ovulation times and interfacial diffusion constants were determined. The activation energy for the growth of ovoidal particles increased from 35 to 110 kcal during spheroidization. This is believed to indicate that the rate controlling process changes from interfacial diffusion to bulk matrix diffusion as the rate of tip ovulation decreases during annealing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 3 (1968), S. 660-663 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 4 (1969), S. 65-72 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Alumina whiskers separated from Thermokinetic Fibres sapphire wool mat type 1A have been incorporated into nickel by roll-bonding and by hot-pressing. The roll-bonded composites containing up to 5 vol % whiskers were successfully electrothinned to allow transmission electron microscope examination of alumina whiskers contained in the nickel matrix. In the hot-pressed composites which contained 20 vol % whiskers, examination of the whiskers was only possible after extraction from the composite. The roll-bonding process resulted in whisker break-up but the whisker segments retained their mono-crystalline form. The whiskers in these composites also retained extensive dislocation tangles in the adjacent nickel matrix after annealing at temperatures up to 1400° C. The whiskers extracted from the as-hot-pressed composites had a monocrystalline form and gave no indication of spheroidisation. In hot-pressed samples annealed at 1400° C for up to 100 h the whiskers exhibited evidence of spheroidisation. In some instances the whiskers developed strong crystallographic morphologies with faces parallel to the 〈11¯20〉 directions of the approximated close-packed hexagonal lattice ofα-alumina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 4 (1969), S. 802-808 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The compressive deformation of polycrystalline ɛ-zirconium hydride has been investigated within the temperature range 22 to ∼ 400° C and over the composition range ZrH1.71 to ZrH1.92. The observed deformation modes included slip, creation of new lamellae of different orientations to those of the main transformation lamellae, and movement of lamellar boundaries. The results are considered in terms of the contribution of these three processes to the overall deformation behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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