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The role of the Yala swamp lakes in conservation of Lake Victoria region haplochromine cichlids: evidence from molecular genetic and trophic ecology studies (2008)

Abila, R. ; Salzburger, W. ; Ndonga, M.F. ; [et al.]

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Publication Date: 2021-05-19

Description: Lake Kanyaboli (Kenya), a satellite lake of Lake Victoria, has been suggested as a potential refugium for haplochromine cichlids that have gone extinct in Lake Victoria. We employed mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite DNA molecular markers as well as feeding ecology studies to re- evaluate the evolutionary and ecological significance of Lake Kanyaboli haplochromines. The mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite markers revealed high genetic diversity in the endangered Xystichromis phytophagus and also the presence of mtDNA haplotypes that may have either gone extinct in Lake Victoria or have arisen in situ. Lake Kanyaboli thus acts as a ‘genetic reservoir’ for the Lake Victoria species flock. Gut content analysis revealed six trophic groups among the six haplochromine species. The haplochromine community in Lake Kanyaboli therefore exhibits trophic specializations. The relatively high trophic diversity in this cichlid community contrasts with the currently simplified trophic relationships of Lake Victoria. This high trophic diversity contributes to high energy flow and overall ecological efficiency of the lake. Lake Kanyaboli and similar satellite lakes therefore provide an opportunity for conservation of both genetic and trophic diversity threatened by introduction of exotics in the Lake Victoria basin. Lake Kanyaboli should thus be recognized as an important Evolutionary Signficant Unit (ESU) for Lake Victoria region haplochromine species. Basin wide molecular genetic characterization of the other tilapiine cichlid species as a basis of identifying genetically robust stocks that can be used in aquaculture or to restock Lake Victoria should be undertaken.

Description: Published

Description: Xystichromis phytophagus

Keywords: Genetics ; Swamps ; Lakes ; Swamps ; Inland waters ; Water reservoirs ; Species extinction ; Resource conservation ; Resource management ; Tropical fish ; Genetics ; Swamps ; Lakes ; Resource conservation ; Environment management ; Rare resources ; Resource management ; Trophic relationships ; Genetic diversity ; Swamps ; Inland waters ; Water reservoirs ; Freshwater lakes ; Species extinction ; Ecological efficiency

Repository Name: AquaDocs

Type: Proceedings Paper

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Origins of Shared Genetic Variation in African Cichlids (2013)

Loh, Y.-H. E., Bezault, E., Muenzel, F. M., Roberts, R. B., Swofford, R., Barluenga, M., Kidd, C. E., Howe, A. E., Di Palma, F., Lindblad-Toh, K., Hey, J., Seehausen, O., Salzburger, W., Kocher, T. D., Streelman, J. T.

Oxford University Press

In: Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Publication Date: 2013-03-21

Description: Cichlid fishes have evolved tremendous morphological and behavioral diversity in the waters of East Africa. Within each of the Great Lakes Tanganyika, Malawi, and Victoria, the phenomena of hybridization and retention of ancestral polymorphism explain allele sharing across species. Here, we explore the sharing of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between the major East African cichlid assemblages. A set of approximately 200 genic and nongenic SNPs was ascertained in five Lake Malawi species and genotyped in a diverse collection of ~160 species from across Africa. We observed segregating polymorphism outside of the Malawi lineage for more than 50% of these loci; this holds similarly for genic versus nongenic SNPs, as well as for SNPs at putative CpG versus non-CpG sites. Bayesian and principal component analyses of genetic structure in the data demonstrate that the Lake Malawi endemic flock is not monophyletic and that river species have likely contributed significantly to Malawi genomes. Coalescent simulations support the hypothesis that river cichlids have transported polymorphism between lake assemblages. We observed strong genetic differentiation between Malawi lineages for approximately 8% of loci, with contributions from both genic and nongenic SNPs. Notably, more than half of these outlier loci between Malawi groups are polymorphic outside of the lake. Cichlid fishes have evolved diversity in Lake Malawi as new mutations combined with standing genetic variation shared across East Africa.

Print ISSN: 0737-4038

Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719

Topics: Biology