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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Building activity and longevity of queenless groups of the Oriental hornet,Vespa orientalis (1995)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 57 (1995), S. 441-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of group size on behavioral parameters of the Oriental hornet,Vespa orientalis, was assessed experimentally under laboratory conditions. Hornet groups of various sizes (ranging from 1 to 100 individuals per group) comprised of young individuals (0–24 hr of age) devoid of a queen were placed in artificial breeding boxes (ABBs). The following three quantitative parameters were evaluated: the amount and rate of building as a function of the number of hornets in the group, the rate of oviposition as, related to group size and the longevity of hornets as a function of their group size. The probability for the occurrence of these events was similarly considered and additional behavioral parameters were only assessed qualitatively. Results of this investigation revealed a relation between the three mentioned quantitative behavioral parameters and the number of hornets per group. The number of hornets per group was positively related to the extent of building, the number of cells built by a group is $$2\pi \sqrt {group size} $$ , but negatively related to the rate of building. As for the delay of building, a non-monotone relation was found. The relation between number of hornets per group and the oviposition delay was found to be non-monotone; the number of hornets per group and their longevity were found to be inversely related. Discrepanices were recorded on the very small (1–2 individuals) or very large (100 individuals) hornet groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460634
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rhythmic signalling and entrainment inVespa orientalis larvae: Characterization of the underlying interactions (1988)
    Springer
    Bulletin of mathematical biology 50 (1988), S. 661-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1522-9602
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Rhythmic “circa-second” contrations of larvae of the hornetVespa orientalis, believed to serve as hunger signals, were studied. A considerable degree of coordination among individual larvae, both in frequency and phase of these contractions, has been observed. The oscillations of singly isolated larvae are of short duration, non-constant, with increasing intervals in between and there is a substantial variability in the patterns shown by different larvae. In contrast, the association of two or more larvae leads to enhancement of their periodic behaviour and to (partial) entrainment. Communication among larvae may perhaps be mediated by the sound pulses (“scratching” noises) which are generated by these contractions. We have subjected individual and grouped larvae to external sound pulses and were able to demonstrate: (a) enhancement of rhythmic activity; (b) phase resetting; (c) entrainment to an external oscillator within a range of frequencies; (d) the existence of a subharmonic mode of entrainment. We propose a simple phenomenologic model to account for these larvae responses. Our model assumes the existence of an “energy” variable which declines with time but is upgraded, in a phase-dependent way, by external stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460095
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell wall structure and composition in the comb built by hornets and wasps (Vespinae, hymenoptera) (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 189 (1986), S. 215-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Morphological, mineralogical, and chemical investigations were undertaken to determine the structure and composition of the cell walls of the comb in the nest of Vespa orientalis, Paravespula germanica, and Vespacrabro. Nests of V. orientalis were from three sites having different soil types, namely, Khamra soil, Gramosol soil, and organically rich soil from the city dump in Tel Aviv. Nests of P. germanica were from areas rich in organic matter, and those of V. crabro, shipped from Austria, were similarly comprised of organic matter. Structure and composition of cell walls in the three species differed; furthermore, grain size in the combs differed from that of particles in the surrounding soil.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051890211
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