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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 71 (1994), S. 211-226 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Populations ofHelicoverpa (=Heliothis) zea (Boddie),Heliothis virescens (F.),Manduca sexta (L.) andM. quinquemaculata (Haw.) and their egg and larval parasitoids were sampled in field plots of the: insect-resistant wild tomato,Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum C. H. Mull, accession PI 134417; susceptible commercial tomato cultivar ‘Better Boy’; F1 hybrid; and selected, moderately resistant backcross genotype. Densities ofH. zea andH. virescens eggs and small larvae were higher on resistant genotypes than on susceptible genotypes, but densities of large larvae were similar on all genotypes. Densities ofManduca spp. larvae were too low to permit similar analyses of the effects of plant genotype. Rates of egg parasitism byTrichogramma spp. andTelenomus sphingis (Ashmead) were reduced on insect-resistant genotypes. Rates of parasitism by the larval parasitoidsCampoletis sonorensis (Cameron) andCotesia congregata (Say) were reduced on resistant genotypes. No consistent effects on parasitism rates byCotesia marginiventris (Cresson) were observed and parasitism rates byCardiochiles nigriceps Viereck were unaffected.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 68 (1993), S. 143-155 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Resistance in accession PI 134417 ofLycopersicon hirsutum f.glabratum toManduca sexta L. results from the presence of the methyl ketones 2-tridecanone and 2-undecanone in the type VI trichome glands on foliage of these plants. Short (24 h) and long term (neonate to adult) laboratory experiments usingM. sexta-resistant and susceptible foliage and methyl ketone treated filter paper disks were conducted to evaluate the direct (plant-mediated), and indirect (prey-mediated) effects of this resistance on two predators ofHelicoverpa zea eggs,Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) andGeocoris punctipes (Say). Direct effects of resistance were manifest as reduced egg consumption and increased mortality for both predators. Indirect effects were manifest as reduced egg consumption byG. punctipes, but were not observed forC. maculata. Results of experiments using methyl ketone-treated filter paper disks instead of foliage were similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 60 (1991), S. 289-300 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Host-plant resistance ; host-plant suitability ; fertilizer ; M. sexta ; H. zea ; L. decemlineata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of fertilizer regime on trichome- and lamellar-based resistance in the wild tomato species, Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum C.H. Mull accession PI 134417, to three insect pests of tomato, the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.), the colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), and the tomato fruitworm, Heliocoverpa zea (Boddie), was examined. Increasing the rate at which NPK fertilizer was applied, from 1.8 to 19.6 g/plant/week, reduced the trichome-based resistance of PI 134417 to M. sexta and L. decemlineata by lowering both the density of type VI (sensu Luckwill, 1943) glandular trichomes and the amount of 2-tridecanone contained in the tips of these trichomes. 2-Tridecanone is a toxic methyl-ketone responsible for glandular trichome-mediated resistance in PI 134417 to M. sexta and L. decemlineata. A similar increase in the application rate of NPK fertilizer reduced the lamellarbased resistance of PI 134417 to L. decemlineata and H. zea. The meachanisms for this reduction of resistance are unknown, but may be related to improved nutritional quality of hosts at higher fertilizer regimes.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 17 (1991), S. 989-1005 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Host-plant resistance ; host-plant selection ; glycoalkaioids ; Leptinotarsa decemlineata ; Coleoptera ; Chrysomelidae ; Lycopersicon ; α-tomatine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The role of the steroidal glycoalkaloid α-tomatine in the hostplant resistance of tomato to the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) was examined in short- (24 hr; using first- and fourth-instar larvae) and long-term (first-instar larvae reared through the prepupal stage) feeding experiments. Consumption rate, growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food to body mass, and survival were compared forL. decemlineata provided foliage from susceptible (Lycopersicon esculetum Mill. cv. Walter), resistant (L. hirsutum f.Glabratum C.H. Mull accession PI 134417), and F1 hybrid plants. Values obtained for dietetic indices were regressed against corresponding values for α-tomatine content of foliage provided to larvae. Differences in dietetic indices could not be attributed to variation in foliar α-tomatine content despite a long-standing literature showing theex planta α-tomatine inhibits feeding and growth byL. decemlineata.
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