ALBERT

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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2006-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0038-0717
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-3428
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0048-9697
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1026
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2016-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0045-6535
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1298
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Landscape and Urban Planning 27 (1993), S. 175-178 
    ISSN: 0169-2046
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: by products ; interactions ; phosphorus availability ; nitrogen fertilizers ; phosphate rock dissolution ; acid soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Coal combustion by products (BP) and phosphate rock (PR) have been widely used as cost-effective amendments for acid soils. Information is needed on the proper combination of BP with chemical fertilizers or other organic and inorganic amendments to improve the productivity of acid soils. Chemical analysis and soil incubation studies were carried out to examine the effect of BP, N fertilizers, and zeolite on dissolution of PR and on the status of extractable P in acid soil. Several kinetic models were compared for describing PR dissolution in acid soils that received different amounts of BP, different forms of N fertilizer, and zeolite. PR dissolution in acid soil measured by 0.5 M NaOH extraction was best described by a Langmuir kinetic model (r2=0.988**, followed by an Elovich (r2=0.950**), a two-constant rate (r2=0.947**), a parabolic diffusion (r2=0.905**), and a first-order reaction equation (r2=0.637*). A second-order reaction equation was the poorest among various models tested (r2=0.484). Addition of BP, N fertilizers, and zeolite to the PR-amended soil did not affect the good fitness of PR dissolution to these kinetic equations. Increasing BP addition decreased initial and average dissolution rate and potential maximum dissolution of PR during the incubation period of 132 days as calculated from the Elovich and Langmuir kinetic models. In general, NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4 increased the initial rate and decreased slightly the average PR dissolution rate due to a rapid but short-term acidifying effect. On the other hand, urea and zeolite decreased the initial rate of PR dissolution due to higher pH and increased the average PR dissolution rate because of long and persistent acidification by urea and slow but continued removal of Ca by zeolite. The effect of N fertilizers and zeolite on the potential maximum dissolution of PR was related to amounts of BP added. Extractable P in the PR-amended soils as determined by 0.5 M NaHCO3 was closely correlated with P released by PR dissolution. The ratio of increased NaHCO3-extractable P due to PR application divided by the total amount of P released from PR dissolution measured by NaOH extraction might reflect relative availability of P from PR dissolution. This ratio was increased by addition of BP, urea, and zeolite but decreased by NH4NO3 and (NH4)2SO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: aluminium toxicity ; P ; K ; Ca ; Mg ; Fe ; and Znefficiency ; t Zea mays L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Maize (t Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal grown in the world. In South and Central America, maize is mostly grown on acidic soils. On these soils, yields are limited by deficient levels of available P, Ca, and Mg, and toxic levels of Al and Mn. A greenhouse study was conducted with 22 maize genotypes originating from Africa, Europe, and North, Central, and South America on acid, dark red latosol (Typic Haplorthox) at 2%, 41%, and 64% Al saturation at corresponding pH of 5.6, 4.5, and 4.3. With increasing Al levels, the nutrient efficiency ratios (NER = mgs of dry shoot weight / mg of element in shoot) for K, Ca and Mg increased, and NER for P and Zn tended to decrease. Overall, Al-tolerant genotypes produced higher shoot and root weight and had higher NER for P, Ca Mg, and Fe at 41% Al saturation. Genotypes used in this study showed genetic diversity for growth and NER of essential nutrients. It was concluded that selection of acid-soil-tolerant genotypes and further breeding of acid-soil-tolerant maize cultivars are feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Soil Science Society of America journal 62 (1998), S. 1538-1541 
    ISSN: 1435-0661
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the ascorbic acid-molybdenum blue method for measurement of soluble P, the relationship between color intensity and P concentration in solution and color stability is greatly affected by organic and inorganic ligands such as oxalate, citrate, tartrate, or F. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of these ligands and to optimize the conditions for determination of inorganic P in the presence of the interfering ligand. The critical concentrations of the ligand at which P recovery was significantly decreased were 1.5 mM for oxalate, 3.0 mM for citrate or tartrate, and 10 mM for fluoride. The interference of the ligand with P determination was overcome by excess amounts of ammonium molybdate (AM) added before the color developing reagent (CDR). The critical molybdate/ligand molar ratios (excluding the amount of molybdate added in the CDR) required to completely eliminate the interference of the ligand were 1.12 for oxalate, 0.84 for citrate, 0.56 for fluoride, and 0.34 for tartrate. The presence of ligand and excess amount of AM did not affect the linearity of color intensity against P concentration but did alter the slope, suggesting that the modified method is reliable for P determination in the presence of an interfering ligand provided that the standard curve is prepared in the same matrix as the sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 188 (1997), S. 101-106 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acid soil tolerance ; Al tolerance ; selection ; Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil acidity in the Great Plains of the USA can reduce forage and grain yields of winter wheat, primarily by Al toxicity. Indigenous cultivars may vary in seedling tolerance to Al toxicity, but the benefit that Al tolerance provides to forage and grain production is not well documented in this region. Backcrossed-derived lines of ‘Chisholm’ and ‘Century’ were selected with an additional gene from ‘Atlas 66’ conferring Al tolerance in solution culture. Our objective was to determine the impact of this source of Al tolerance on forage production prior to the jointing stage and subsequent grain yield. Experiments were conducted at several locations on non-limed (pH=4.5–4.7) and limed soils (pH=5.2-6.1) in Oklahoma. Two cultivars (‘TAM 105’, susceptible; ‘2180’, tolerant) with extreme differences in Al tolerance were used as controls . In limed conditions, forage and grain production did not differ between Al-tolerant and -susceptible genotypes, indicating a neutral effect of the Atlas 66 gene in the absence of Al toxicity. Despite visual differences in early-season plant vigor in non-limed acid soil, the Al-tolerant selections did not yield greater season-long forage than their susceptible parents. At sites where Al saturation in the non-limed soil exceeded 30%, spike production at maturity was nearly doubled in the Century background by the addition of Al tolerance, but final grain yield was not significantly improved. In the Chisholm background, grain yield was improved 50 to 74% by Al tolerance. The magnitude of the agronomic benefit of Al tolerance was highly influenced by the edaphic environment and genetic background. Acid soils of the Great Plains appear highly variable in Al toxicity; hence, consideration of the target environment is essential to predict the potential impact of Al tolerance selected in solution culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acid soils ; endophyte ; ergot alkaloids ; Festuca arundinacea ; Neotyphodium coenophialum ; phosphorus ; tall fescue
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) plants infected by the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones & Gams) (Glenn et al., 1996) often perform better than noninfected plants, especially in marginal resource environments. There is a lack of information about endophyte related effects on the rhizosphere of grasses. In a greenhouse experiment, four endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue clones (DN2, DN4, DN7, DN11) and their endophyte-free (E−) forms were grown in limed (pH 6.3) Porter soil (low fertility, acidic, high aluminum and low phosphorus content, coarse-loamy mixed mesic Umbric Dystrochrept) at three soil P levels (17, 50, and 96 mg P kg-1 soil) for five months. Excluding the genotype effect, endophyte infection significantly increased cumulative herbage DM yield by 8% at 17 mg P kg-1 soil but reduced cumulative herbage DM yield by 12% at 96 mg P kg-1 soil. With increased P availability in the soil, shoot and root DM, and root/shoot ratio in E+ plants were significantly less when compared to E− plants. Endophyte infection increased specific root length at 17 and 50 mg P kg-1soil. At soil P level of 17 mg P kg-1soil, E+ plants had significantly higher P concentrations both in roots and shoots. Similar relationships were found for Mg and Ca. E+ plants had significantly higher Zn, Fe, and Al concentration in roots, and lower Mn and Al concentration in shoots when compared to E− plants. Ergot alkaloid concentration and content in shoot of E+ plants increased with increasing P availability in the soil from 17 to 50 mg P kg-1 but declined again at 96 mg P kg-1 soil. Ergot alkaloid accumulation in roots increased linearly with P availability in the soil. Results suggest that endophyte infection affects uptake of phosphorus and other mineral nutrients and may benefit tall fescue grown on P-deficient soils. Phosphorus seems also to be involved in ergot alkaloid accumulation in endophyte-infected tall fescue.
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