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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestication effects on fin nipping, survival and growth in hatchery-reared arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in competition with wild conspecifics (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Aquaculture research 27 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: When reared in captivity, first-generation hatchery-reared Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), from Møkkeland lake, northern Norway, differed from wild-caught conspecifics from the same source. Incidence of caudal fin damage (used as an indirect assessment of aggressive interactions) was high amongst the wild-caught charr, and there was considerable mortality amongst these fish. By contrast, hatchery-reared fish displayed little evidence of fin damage, and mortalities were low. When the charr were held in mixed groups of wild-caught and hatchery-reared fish, the hatchery-reared fish showed the most extensive caudal fin damage. Weight losses and decreases in condition were also greatest amongst the hatchery-reared charr that were exposed to competition with wild fish. The hatchery-reared charr held together with the wild fish also suffered high mortality. Thus, aggression may have been selectively directed towards hatchery-reared fish in mixed groups. Taken together, the results suggest that the energetic costs may be high for the recipients of aggression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1996.tb00985.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of environmental manipulations on inter– and intra–individual variation in food acquisition and growth performance of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 44 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Repeated measurements of food intake made on juvenile Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, held under different rearing conditions enabled examination of the effects of environmental manipulations on both intra– and inter–individual variations in food intake to be made. This permitted the assessment of the influences of differential food acquisition on individual growth rates and biomass gain. When charr were held in isolation individual fish showed relatively little day–to–day variability in food intake and inter–individual differences in intake were small (‘base–fine’ values). All fish exhibited positive rates of growth and the overall range was narrow. Nevertheless, there was a highly significant positive correlation between food intake and growth, indicating that those individuals that consumed the greatest quantities of food were also those that had the highest rates of weight gain. The rearing of charr in groups led to increases in both intra– and inter–individual variations in food intake to levels considerably above ‘base–line’. This increased variability in food intake was reflected in rates of weight gain being more variable amongst the charr reared in groups, with fish that lost weight often being recorded. Manipulation of the rearing environment had marked influences upon intra–individual variability in food intake, inter–individual differences in food acquisition and rates of weight gain. High stocking densities and exposure of the fish to moderate water currents were most effective in reducing levels of variability to approach those observed under ‘base–line’ conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01277.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    State-dependent feed acquisition among two strains of hatchery-reared Arctic charr (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 50 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of genetic and environmental factors on aggression and feeding hierarchies were studied using X-radiography to measure food intake by hatchery-reared individuals of two strains (Hammerfest and Svalbard) of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus. A reduction in food rations and/or water current speed increased intraspecific aggression, and both factors led to increased interindividual variability in food intake, increasing the coefficient of variation (CV). Following a return to pre-manipulation conditions, CVs decreased to their original level. In control groups, CVs and share of group meals were stable throughout the experiment. The increase in CVs following manipulation was the result of a small number of dominant individuals obtaining a high share of the meal. Restriction in food ration affected share of meals, specific growth rates and the frequencies of non-feeding fish, while reductions in water current speed affected only share of meals. Feeding hierarchies were size-dependent in the control groups. In contrast, no relationships between body weight and feeding rank were evident in groups in which food ration or water current speed were reduced. A small, but consistent, difference was revealed in feeding hierarchy responses between the two strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01978.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring voluntary feed intake under practical conditions, methods and applications (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 11 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.1995.tb00025.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of prolonged exercise training on growth performance and production parameters in fish (1993)
    Springer
    Aquaculture international 1 (1993), S. 95-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-143X
    Keywords: Exercise training ; Growth performance ; Feeding behaviour ; Aggressive interactions ; Salmonids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract When juvenile salmonids are reared in water flowing with currents equivalent to swimming speeds of about 0.75–1.5 BL s−1, the fish tend to grow faster and make more efficient use of the food provided than do conspecifics held in standing water. There may be a more even distribution of food within a group of exercised fish leading to uniformity of growth rates and a reduced size range of the fish at harvest. In addition, frequencies of aggressive interactions may be lower in exercised fish than in those reared in standing water, leading to fewer exercised fish having fin damage. Thus, several benefits may be expected to accrue from growing salmonids in flowing water. The ‘training’ of salmonids by exposing them to moderate water currents for prolonged periods leads to improvements in physiological performance, so rearing such fish in flowing, rather than standing, water may be particularly beneficial when they are destined for release in connection with restocking or ‘ranching’ programmes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692614
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