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  • 1
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    Islet amyloid polypeptide demonstrates a persistent capacity to disrupt membrane integrity [Biophysics and Computational Biology] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-08
    Description: Amyloid fiber formation is correlated with pathology in many diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and type II diabetes. Although β-sheet–rich fibrillar protein deposits define this class of disorder, increasing evidence points toward small oligomeric species as being responsible for cell dysfunction and death. The molecular mechanism by which this occurs is unknown, but likely involves the interaction of these species with biological membranes, with a subsequent loss of integrity. Here, we investigate islet amyloid polypeptide, which is implicated in the loss of insulin-secreting cells in type II diabetics. We report the discovery of oligomeric species that arise through stochastic nucleation on membranes and result in disruption of the lipid bilayer. These species are stable, result in all-or-none leakage, and represent a definable protein/lipid phase that equilibrates over time. We characterize the reaction pathway of assembly through the use of an experimental design that includes both ensemble and single-particle evaluations. Complexity in the reaction pathway could not be satisfied using a two-state description of membrane-bound monomer and oligomeric species. We therefore put forward a three-state kinetic framework, one of which we conjecture represents a non-amyloid, non-β-sheet intermediate previously shown to be a candidate therapeutic target.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    Agronomy, Vol. 9, Pages 416: Harvesting Regimes Affect Brown Midrib Sorghum-Sudangrass and Brown Midrib Pearl Millet Forage Production and Quality (2019)
    MDPI
    In: Agronomy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: As water levels in the Ogallala Aquifer continue to decline in the Texas High Plains, alternative forage crops that utilize less water must be identified to meet the forage demand of the livestock industry in this region. A two-year (2016 and 2017) study was conducted at West Texas A&M University Nance Ranch near Canyon, TX to evaluate the forage production and quality of brown midrib (BMR) sorghum-sudangrass (SS) (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. Drummondii) and BMR pearl millet (PM) (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) Leeke)) harvested under three regimes (three 30-d, two 45-d, and one 90-d harvests). Sorghum-sudangrass consistently out yielded PM in total DM production in both tested years (yield range 3.96 to 6.28 Mg DM ha−1 vs. 5.38 to 11.19 Mg DM ha−1 in 2016 and 6.00 to 9.87 Mg DM ha−1 vs. 6.53 to 15.51 Mg DM ha−1 in 2017). Water use efficiency was higher in PM compared to SS. The 90-d harvesting regime maximized the water use efficiency and DM production compared to other regimes in both crops; however, some forage quality may be sacrificed. In general, the higher forage quality was achieved in shorter interval harvesting regimes (frequent cuttings). The selection of suitable forage crop and harvesting regime based on this research can be extremely beneficial to the producers of Texas High Plains to meet their individual forage needs and demand.
    Electronic ISSN: 2073-4395
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by MDPI
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  • 3
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    Regulation of fasted blood glucose by resistin (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-21
    Description: The association between obesity and diabetes supports an endocrine role for the adipocyte in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Here we report that mice lacking the adipocyte hormone resistin exhibit low blood glucose levels after fasting, due to reduced hepatic glucose production. This is partly mediated by activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and decreased expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the liver. The data thus support a physiological function for resistin in the maintenance of blood glucose during fasting. Remarkably, lack of resistin diminishes the increase in post-fast blood glucose normally associated with increased weight, suggesting a role for resistin in mediating hyperglycemia associated with obesity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Banerjee, Ronadip R -- Rangwala, Shamina M -- Shapiro, Jennifer S -- Rich, A Sophie -- Rhoades, Ben -- Qi, Yong -- Wang, Juan -- Rajala, Michael W -- Pocai, Alessandro -- Scherer, Phillipp E -- Steppan, Claire M -- Ahima, Rexford S -- Obici, Silvana -- Rossetti, Luciano -- Lazar, Mitchell A -- NIH T32-GM008216/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P01 DK49210/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK19525/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P60 DK20541/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Feb 20;303(5661):1195-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and The Penn Diabetes Center, 611 CRB, 415 Curie Boulevard, Universityof Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14976316" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; Adipocytes/metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose/*metabolism ; Body Weight ; Diet ; Dietary Fats/administration & dosage ; *Fasting ; Gene Targeting ; Gluconeogenesis ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hormones, Ectopic/administration & dosage/blood/genetics/*physiology ; Insulin/blood ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Multienzyme Complexes/metabolism ; Obesity/metabolism ; Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (GTP)/metabolism ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage ; Resistin ; Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    National Seismic Hazard Model for New Zealand: 2010 Update (2012)
    Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-01
    Description: A team of earthquake geologists, seismologists, and engineering seismologists has collectively produced an update of the national probabilistic seismic hazard (PSH) model for New Zealand (National Seismic Hazard Model, or NSHM). The new NSHM supersedes the earlier NSHM published in 2002 and used as the hazard basis for the New Zealand Loadings Standard and numerous other end-user applications. The new NSHM incorporates a fault source model that has been updated with over 200 new onshore and offshore fault sources and utilizes new New Zealand-based and international scaling relationships for the parameterization of the faults. The distributed seismicity model has also been updated to include post-1997 seismicity data, a new seismicity regionalization, and improved methodology for calculation of the seismicity parameters. Probabilistic seismic hazard maps produced from the new NSHM show a similar pattern of hazard to the earlier model at the national scale, but there are some significant reductions and increases in hazard at the regional scale. The national-scale differences between the new and earlier NSHM appear less than those seen between much earlier national models, indicating that some degree of consistency has been achieved in the national-scale pattern of hazard estimates, at least for return periods of 475 years and greater. Online Material: Table of fault source parameters for the 2010 national seismic-hazard model.
    Print ISSN: 0037-1106
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-3573
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Seismological Society of America (SSA)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronal networks for biochemical sensing
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 6 (1992), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0925-4005
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0925-4005(92)80022-P
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On products of power series (1963)
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Mathematik 67 (1963), S. 125-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5081
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01298942
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degree of Approximation to Functions in a Normed Space (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of computational analysis and applications 2 (2000), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9206
    Keywords: degree of approximation ; Fourier series ; Hölder metric
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We compute the degree of approximation of functions, in the H$ouml;lder metric,using lower triangular nonnegative matrices. Ourwork generalizes that of Singh [5], and other authors, since we do notassume any monotonicity condition on the rows of the matrix.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010193314045
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The point spectra for certain classes of operators in B(ℓ p ) (1991)
    Springer
    Integral equations and operator theory 14 (1991), S. 747-753 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8989
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In a recent paper [5] Maddox determined the point spectrum of the Cesaro matrices of order α〉0, considered as series-to-series operators. In this paper we obtain the point spectrum for the Endl generalized Hausdorff matrices, the Hausdorff matrices, and for a wide class of generalized Hausdorff matrices, which include the Endl and ordinary Hausdorff matrices as special cases. We also obtain point spectrum results for a wide class of weighted mean matrices. Since the Cesaro matrices are examples of Hausdorff matrices, our results contain the corresponding theorems of Maddox as special cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01200557
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Square roots for Hausdorff operators (1988)
    Springer
    Integral equations and operator theory 11 (1988), S. 292-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8989
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01272124
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine spectra for weighted mean operators in B(l P) (1989)
    Springer
    Integral equations and operator theory 12 (1989), S. 82-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8989
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01199758
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