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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Some Chlorine-Substituted Methanes and Ethanes: Infrared and Mass Spectrometric Determination (1953)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 25 (1953), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac60073a025
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the applicability of the Lennard-Jones potential function to amorphous high polymers (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 1931-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Pressure-volume-temperature measurements were performed on five amorphous thermoplastics. From these data, first derivatives of internal energy with respect to volume were calculated. These derivatives were cast into the Lennard-Jones form and the two defining parameters were evaluated for each polymer. It was found that, when the polymer is in the glassy state, these parameters correspond to the volume and internal energy of the polymer at absolute zero. For melts, the first derivatives are constant within the accuracy of these experiments regardless of temperature, pressure, or volume. As a result, the Lennard-Jones potential was found to be a good model for the amorphous glassy state and inappropriate above Tg. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070491108
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental stress cracking in impact polystyrene (1981)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 21 (1981), S. 624-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Environmental stress cracking (ESC) measurements for various impact polystyrenes were performed using a constant load technique with the specimens in contact with a 50/50 solution of cotton seed oil and oleic acid. It was shown that ESC in impact polystyrene is controlled by the transport of the aggressive liquid through a pre-established dry craze structure where capillary pressure is the driving force. At moderate stress levels just above the critical stress for environmental cracking, there is an apparent incubation time for the dry craze formation. The craze incubation time is strongly influenced by thermal stresses induced by the gel particles. As a consequence, ESC is two-stage process involving both an incubation time and actual crack growth. Control of the craze structure to maximize fibril content is essential for good ESC resistance. The craze fibril content can be altered by variables such as gel particle size, matrix molecular weight, plasticizer content, and rubber content.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760211009
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold flow in high-impact polystyreneProd. No. 1359 (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 1099-1110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Eyring's theory of viscous flow has been applied to some mechanical properties of rubber-modified polystyrenes. Yield strength as a function of orientation, temperature, of transition from ductile to strain have been shown to be consistent with the theory. The temperature of transition from ductile to brittle fracture as a function of orientation has also been measured and found to be consistent with theoretical predictions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070100802
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Percolation in injection molded polymer blends (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 841-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Elastic moduli of injection molded blends of polycarbonate with poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) have been obtained at temperatures between the glass transition temperatures of the two components. When compared with compression molded blends as a function of composition, the moduli were found to differ by as much as a factor of three at intermediate compositions. The variations are ascribed to differences in connectivity between minor component particles. The morphologies of these materials have been modeled using percolation concepts to quantify continuity of the individual phases. The effects of phase continuity resulting from composition as well as dispersed phase shape differences were evaluated. It was found that shape per se has only a minor effect on percolation. However, shape as reflected in the size of dispersed particles relative to the extent of the domain in which they reside is primary for developing a model for continuity of the phases. An empirical relation for percolation in finite domains was devised from Monte Carlo simulations. Modulus values calculated from these continuity considerations agree well with the observed data.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760321302
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phenomenology based equation of state for polymer melts (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 711-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An equation of state for polymer melts has been devised from observation on pressure-volume-temperature data for several thermoplastics. The final equation has the form (P + Π - mT ln (cV*)) ln (cV*) = gT, where P is pressure; T, absolute temperature, V*, the volume normalized by van der Waal's volume, and Π, m, g, and c, parameters. Pertinent ancillary relationships include a “universal” bulk modulus vs. a normalized volume function and an observation that the thermal expansion coefficient is solely dependent on pressure. We find that the parameter “Π” is precisely the first derivative of internal energy with respect to volume and is evaluated from the thermal expansion coefficient and bulk modulus. It appears that “Π” is constant over a wide range of conditions. The parameters “m” and “g” are related through the bulk modulus relation. Finally, “c” has been found to be nearly a constant whose action is to change the volume reference state to the melt volume when extrapolated to absolute zero. The “universal” nature of the temperature-reduced bulk modulus and the constancy of Π suggest that the melt state is controlled by entropy rather than by potential energy. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510417
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tensile strengths of glassy plastics with drilled holes and measurement of griffith parameters (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 787-793 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The tensile strengths of plastics with drilled holes can be analyzed by treating the hole as a nucleus in flaw generation. The analysis is accurate for hole diameters less than the inherent flaw size. Above this value the tensile strengths define a single curve when plotted on a reduced variable scale. Using the analysis in its linear range facilitates evaluation of the Griffith parameters. From such an application it was found that plasticizers markedly reduce the values of the Griffith parameters while affecting tensile strengths only slightly. Temperature has a similar effect.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070100511
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenomenology of impact resistance and impact testing (1965)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 3531-3540 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The impact resistance of plastics can be described in terms of three contributions; these are the elastic, plastic, and crack propagation phases. By using a recording pendulum impact device it is possible to analyze any material as to the relative importance of the above phenomena. It was found that most plastics which exhibit good impact resistance have large plastic elongations or good resistance to crack propagation or both. A simple analysis of the cantilever beam impact shows that reasonable values of modulus and of maximum fiber stress can be obtained if care is taken to account for shear and compressive contributions to the overall response. It was also noted that plastic samples under impact conditions tend to bounce against the striker head.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1965.070091103
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Creep induced buckling of plastic materials (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 506-509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In this work, creep induced buckling was studied for a number of thermoplastic materials. The effect was observed by monitoring top displacements of thermoplastic bars as a function of time under static loading conditions. The recorded times to failure were averaged and correlated with the applied loads. The experiments, conducted for different materials, established an exponential dependence between the critical time and the load. The evolution of the buckling eigenvalues was modeled numerically. The simulations of eccentric columns behavior under compressive loads were coupled with the eigenvalue analyses. The correlation of the time-load predictions obtained from the numerical simulations followed the experimental results within acceptable limits. The observed phenomenon of creep induced buckling was explained by damage accumulation leading to an effective reduction of the load carrying capability.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760280803
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of a concept of distributed damage to creep induced buckling of high density polyethylene specimens (1988)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 28 (1988), S. 1066-1070 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In this work, a concept of distributed damage, including its inception and propagation, was applied to creep induced buckling of specimens prepared from high density polyethylene (HDPE). Using a kinetic relationship for damage accumulation, an integral equation for the front of the damage zone was derived. A time parameter associated with the inception of the damage front was obtained. The motion of the front was approximated for small times. Long time estimation was obtained using an assumption for a shape of the damage distribution. These results enabled us to review reported experimental results on creep induced buckling using a new insight into the relationship between applied load and time to buckle.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760281609
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