ISSN:
1439-0280
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
,
Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
Notes:
Abstract The availability of pesticides in private gardens is limited by local law in the State of Baden-Württemberg in south-west Germany. Only 26 insecticides, fungicides and molluscicides are permitted. Hence, only pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis, Granulosis Virus, pyrethrum or the pheromone mating disruption method (PMDM) can be used for moth control in apple. The use of beneficials like Trichogramma sp. or Chrysoperla carnea is not limited. PMDM had not been previ-ously investigated in allotments until the experiments reported here were carried out in 1998 and 1999. In these experiments, PMDM was compared with the use of the egg parasites, Trichogramma dendrolimi and T. cacoeciae. The observations were done in 102 allotments, each of about 300 m2. The gardeners are members of a special club for the allotments and they often organize the bulk acquisition of plants or fertilizers for the club. Sometimes the club obtains plant protection products when something has to be done in all allotments. The codling moth and the plum fruit moth are important pests in these allotments. In 1997, attacks of codling moth were generally low throughout the southern Germany. This was reflected in the allotments where there was less than one per cent fruit damage with PMDM or the egg parasites the following year. During 1999, the attacks were generally much higher resulting in a higher use of insecticides in commercial German orchards. In the allotments, about six to eight per cent of fruits were damaged by the codling moth in both experimental treatments. The results indicate that PMDM can be successful in allotments and is equally as effective as the use of egg-parasites. But further experiments are required.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00079.x
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