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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 262-270 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A detailed solution of Kato's equations describing the propagation of X-rays or neutrons in a crystal containing a statistical distribution of imperfections is presented: this solution makes use of propagation operators to describe multiple scattering events. Corrections to Kato's original solution are given which have a significant effect, even in the case of crystals with a high degree of long-range perfection. The present modified solution is applied to experimental measurement on parallel plates of silicon with different dislocation densities by Olekhnovich, Karpei, Olekhnovich & Puzenkova [Acta Cryst. (1983), A39, 116-122]. The theory reproduces observations quite well, in contrast to conclusions reached by Olekhnovich et al. on the basis of the original solution. It can be inferred that the basic ideas of Kato allow for a correct interpretation of diffraction reflectivities in highly perfect crystals, where a significant contribution from incoherent components of scattered intensities must be incorporated. However, the theory has to be modified for the case of lower long-range perfection: this involves the modification of the expressions for the effective correlation lengths that enter the theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 45 (1989), S. 333-337 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The development of the statistical dynamical theory of diffraction by real crystals involves two order parameters: a long-range and a short-range one. These parameters play a fundamental role in practical applications of the theory to real diffraction data. A reasonable probabilistic model is proposed to describe the phase correlation at two given scattering positions. This model allows for a tractable solution of the propagation equations for the beams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 48 (1992), S. 121-134 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A method is presented to deal with the propagation of X-rays or neutrons in a statistically distorted crystal in the general case where both short-range and long-range order are present: it is the generalization of a theory presented in a previous paper [Becker & Al Haddad (1990). Acta Cryst. A46, 123–129]. The main difference from Kato's formulation is concerned with the correlation length Γ of the incoherent part of the beams [Kato (1980). Acta Cryst. A36, 763–769, 770–778; Al Haddad & Becker (1988). Acta Cryst. A44, 262–270; Becker & Al Haddad (1990)]. The present formulation shows that Γ is variable within the sample under study, and is of the same order of magnitude as the correlation length τ of the phase factor [exp (27πih . u) where u is the distortion field]. This is the main difference from Kato's approach where Γ was considered as 〉〉 τ. A detailed solution of the propagation equations is proposed and is applied to the case of silicon crystals containing a variable amount of oxygen, using measurements by Schneider, Gonçalves, Rollason, Bonse, Lauer & Zulehner [Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. (1988), B29, 661–674] using γ-ray diffraction. The present theory is in fair agreement with the observed intensities, although Kato's original proposition does not work.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 112-123 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The extinction factor in finite perfect crystals is calculated from pure dynamical theory. In particular, a detailed solution is proposed for a sphere, in which case the extinction factor depends on the Bragg angle θ and the parameter (R/Λ), where R is the radius of the crystal and Λ the extinction length. An approximate solution based on the Laue geometry is proposed and corrections to take care of the complex boundary conditions are presented. An expression easily usable in refinement programs is proposed that fits the exact value to better than 1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 46 (1990), S. 123-129 
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Kato's statistical theory of diffraction [Kato (1980). Acta Cryst. A36, 763-769, 770-778] is reformulated in a self-consistent manner. The local displacement field u(r) occurs through the phase factor φ(r) = exp [2πih . u(r)]. The present paper is concerned with the limiting case where (φ(̃r)) = E = 0: this corresponds to the situation where only secondary extinction is present. There are two correlation lengths in the problem, the first one τ for the phase factor φ, the second one Γ for the wave-field amplitudes. Kato assumed Γ » τ. It is shown in the present paper that Γ ∼ τ, a property which has important consequences for the general theory, where E ≠ 0, to be discussed in the second paper of this series.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 181 (1994), S. 131-140 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An instrumental thermal neutron activation analysis facility based, on a 16 Ci241 Am−Be source, a high resolution γ-ray spectrometry setup and a PC-based data acquisition system at KFUPM is described. The thermal neutron flux distribution was determined from the induced activities of high purity indium foils. The absolute thermal neutron flux was calculated from the activities of bare and cadmium-covered gold foils at a position of 3 cm from the soource at which the flux reaches a maximum. The facility tests were carried out with the determination of manganese concentrations in six types of industrially important steel samples. The result of 1.33% manganese in SS-304 steel sample was in excellent agreement with the literature value. The method is nondestructive, economical and ideal for bulk analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-11-11
    Description: Data replication is a known redundancy used in fault-tolerant distributed system. However, it has the problem of mutual exclusion of replicated data. Mutual exclusion becomes difficult when a distributed system is partitioned into two or more isolated groups of sites. In this study, a new dynamic algorithm is presented as a solution for mutual exclusion in partitioned distributed systems. The correctness of the algorithm is proven, and simulation is utilized for availability analysis. Simulations show that the new algorithm, ancestral dynamic voting algorithm, improves the availability and lifetime of service in faulty environments, regardless of the number of sites and topology of the system. This algorithm also prolongs the lifetime of service to mutual exclusion for full and partial topologies especially for the situations where there is no majority. Furthermore, it needs less number of messages transmitted. Finally, it is simple and easy to implement.
    Print ISSN: 1550-1329
    Electronic ISSN: 1550-1477
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0236-5731
    Electronic ISSN: 1588-2780
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1990-02-01
    Description: The extinction factor in finite perfect crystals is calculated from pure dynamical theory. In particular, a detailed solution is proposed for a sphere, in which case the extinction factor depends on the Bragg angle θ and the parameter (R/Λ), where R is the radius of the crystal and Λ the extinction length. An approximate solution based on the Laue geometry is proposed and corrections to take care of the complex boundary conditions are presented. An expression easily usable in refinement programs is proposed that fits the exact value to better than 1%.
    Print ISSN: 0108-7673
    Electronic ISSN: 2053-2733
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1989-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0108-7673
    Electronic ISSN: 2053-2733
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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