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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ag13 is expressed in Alnus glutinosa nodules in infected cells during endosymbiont degradation and in the nodule pericycle (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 99 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We isolated and characterized an Alnus glutinosa cDNA clone, pAg13, which corresponds to a gene expressed at higher levels in nodules induced by Frankia than in roots. The deduced polypeptide sequence is rich in glutamic acid and proline and contains a putative signal peptide indicating an extracellular location of Ag13. In situ hybridization showed that ag13 is expressed in the pericycle of the nodule vascular bundle and in infected cells that exhibited degradation of the endosymbiont.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1997.tb05363.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone: a peptide lactone that mediates a quorum sensing in Enterococcus faecalis (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 41 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Biosynthesis of gelatinase, a virulence factor of Enterococcus faecalis, was found to be regulated in a cell density-dependent fashion in which its production is active in late log to early stationary phase. Addition of early stationary phase culture filtrate to medium shifted the onset of gelatinase production to that of mid-log phase, suggesting that E. faecalis secretes a gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone (GBAP). GBAP was isolated from culture supernatant of E. faecalis OG1S-P. Structural analysis suggested GBAP to be an 11-residue cyclic peptide containing a lactone structure, in which the α-carboxyl group of the C-terminal amino acid is linked to a hydroxyl group of the serine of the third residue. A synthetic peptide possessing the deduced structure showed GBAP activity at nanomolar concentrations as did natural GBAP. Database searches revealed that GBAP corresponds to a C-terminal part of a 242-residue FsrB protein. Northern analysis showed that GBAP slowly induces the transcription of two operons, fsrB-fsrC encoding FsrB and a putative histidine kinase FsrC and gelE-sprE encoding gelatinase GelE and serine protease SprE. Strains with an insertion mutation in either fsrC or a putative response regulator gene fsrA failed to respond to GBAP, suggesting that the GBAP signal is transduced by a two-component regulatory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02486.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon metabolism of Frankia spp. in root nodules of Alnus glutinosa and Hippophaë rhamnoides (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 54 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The occurrence and localization of enzymes involved in glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate cycle in root nodules of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Vill. and Hippophaë rhamnoides L. ssp. rhamnoides were studied. The following enzymes, catalyzing reversible steps in the glycolysis, were found in both the endophyte Frankia spp. and the plant cytosol of Alnus nodules: fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase, glyceralde-hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase and enolase. The enzymes catalyzing irreversible steps in glycolysis, viz. hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, were detectable only in the plant cytosol. Similar results were obtained with nodule homogenates of Hippophaë. This indicates the absence of a complete glycolysis in the endophyte. Vesicle clusters of the nodule endophyte of Alnus contained various dehydrogenases of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and showed activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase. Respiration studies showed that vesicle clusters take up oxygen when supplied with NAD, glutamate and malate together. No oxygen uptake was found when any of these compounds was omitted. Vesicle clusters from both Alnus and Hippophaë nodules showed no detectable activity of the glyoxylate cycle enzymes isocitrate lyase and malate synthase. Since these enzymes are known to be present in Frankia Avcll, when grown in a medium with Tween 80 as carbon source, it is suggested that the glyoxylate cycle enzymes are repressed in the root-nodule symbioses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1982.tb00709.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the malate-aspartate shuttle in the N2-fixing endophyte of Alnus glutinosa (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 53 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The occurrence and localization of enzymes involved in energy supply and biosynthesis was studied in root nodules of Alnus glutinosa (L.) Vill. Vesicle clusters of the endophyte, Frankia sp., contain NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase and malate dehydrogenase. The data indicate that both the endophyte and the host are capable of metabolizing carbon compounds via the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Both vesicle clusters of the endophyte and root nodule cells contain glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase which can function in a malate-aspartate shuttle. This might enable transport of reducing equivalents from the host cell cytoplasm to the endophyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb04502.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogenase is restricted to the vesicles in Frankia strain EAN1pec (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 70 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The presence of nitrogenase in vesicles and hyphae of Frankia EAN1pec was investigated by using immunogold labelling on ultrathin cryosections for electron microscopy. These studies resulted in the specific labelling of nitrogenase in the vesicles of nitrogen-fixing cultures. No significant label could be found in the hyphae, indicating a strong repression of nitrogenase in the hyphae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1987.tb06143.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic analysis of Syntrophobacter wolinii reveals a relationship with sulfate-reducing bacteria (1993)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 160 (1993), S. 238-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Syntrophobacter wolinii ; Syntrophic bacteria ; Sulfate ; reducing bacteria ; PCR ; 16S rRNA ; Phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A 16S rRNA sequence analysis of Syntrophobacter wolinii was done by using PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA-genes from DNA isolated from the S. wolinii-Desulfovibrio sp. coculture. Phylogenetic analysis using the obtained sequence revealed that S. wolinii was not related to bacteria growing syntrophically on other fatty acids than propionate, but was related to sulfate-reducing bacteria. The closest related bacteria are Desulfomonile tiedjei and Desulfoarculus baarsii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00249130
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sucrose synthase and enolase expression in actinorhizal nodules of Alnus glutinosa: comparison with legume nodules (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 250 (1996), S. 437-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Alnus glutinosa ; Actinorhiza ; Nodule ; Sucrose synthase ; Enolase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Two different types of nitrogen-fixing root nodules are known – actinorhizal nodules induced by Frankia and legume nodules induced by rhizobia. While legume nodules show a stem-like structure with peripheral vascular bundles, actinorhizal nodule lobes resemble modified lateral roots with a central vascular bundle. To compare carbon metabolism in legume and actinorhizal nodules, sucrose synthase and enolase cDNA clones were isolated from a cDNA library, obtained from actinorhizal nodules of Alnus glutinosa. The expression of the corresponding genes was markedly enhanced in nodules compared to roots. In situ hybridization showed that, in nodules, both sucrose synthase and enolase were expressed at high levels in the infected cortical cells as well as in the pericycle of the central vascular bundle of a nodule lobe. Legume sucrose synthase expression was studied in indeterminate nodules from pea and determinate nodules from Phaseolus vulgaris by using in situ hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02174032
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology, physiology and infectivity of twoFrankia isolates An 1 and An 2 from root nodules ofAlnus nitida (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. 45-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Actinorhizae ; Alnus nitrida ; Frankia ; Host-specificity ; Nitrogen fixation ; Root nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two different strains, An 1 and An 2, were obtained from root nodules ofAlnus nitida Endl., collected from one locality in the area of its natural habitat near Bahrin, District Swat, Pakistan. The light and electron microscopy of the isolates revealed the occurrence of septate and branched hyphae bearing sporangia and vesicles. The strains differed in their growth requirements, nitrogen-fixing ability and production of extracellular pigments, thus indicating the existence of more than oneFrankia strain in the same locality. In the absence of combined nitrogen in the medium strain An 1 formed vesicles and fixed N2 (up to 200 nmol C2H4. mg protein−1.h−1), while strain An 2 under the experimental conditions formed only few vesicles and fixed N2 at a very low rate (ca 10 nmol C2H4. mg protein−1 .h−1). The nitrogenase activity of strain An 1 was strongly affected by the O2 concentration.Frankia An 1 and An 2 were infective and effective onA. nitida andA. glutinosa but not onDatisca cannabina andElaeagnus umbellata. Both An 1 and An 2 strains were more infective and effective onA. glutinosa thanFrankia strains AvcIl and CpI1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277839
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular ecology ofFrankia: Advantages and disadvantages of the use of DNA probes (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 137 (1991), S. 49-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: actinorhizal plants ; nitrogen fixation ; oligonucleotide probes ; ribosomal RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ecological studies on the actinomyceteFrankia are often influenced by the difficulty to isolate and identify this microorganism. The application of molecular biological techniques offers possibilities to detect microbes without isolation and cultivation.Nif genes or whole plasmids can serve as targets for the design of specific probes. Alternatively, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), commonly used in modern phylogenetic studies, can be used as a target molecule in ecological studies. This paper gives an overview of new developments on the use of 16S rRNA as a target molecule for oligonucleotide probes. Group-specific sequences in the 16S rRNA ofFrankia can be used as targets for oligonucleotide probes that a) recognize ineffectiveFrankia strains onAlnus, b) recognize effective strains onAlnus, c) recognize allFrankia strains tested so far. The present paper summarizes the essential steps needed for the use of these probes for the detection ofFrankia strains in soil without isolation and cultivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02187431
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preface (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 78 (1984), S. IX 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02277833
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