ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

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Association of CTR and COLIA1 Alleles with BMD Values in Peri- and Postmenopausal Women (2000)

Braga, V. ; Mottes, M. ; Mirandola, S. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 67 (2000), S. 361-366

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Key words: COLIA1 — CTR — Genetics — Bone mass — Osteoporosis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract. The variability of bone mass and bone strength is in part genetically determined. The pathophysiology of the disease is complex and its heritability is almost certainly polygenic. In a large group of women from north eastern Italy, homogeneous for calcium intake and other risk factors for osteoporosis, we investigated three different genetic polymorphic markers that have been associated with bone mineral density (BMD). The study includes 663 postmenopausal (aged 48–85 years) and 52 perimenopausal (aged 47–53 years) women. Lumbar spine and hip BMD were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). After DNA extraction, the restriction enzymes utilized were MscI for the SP1 site of the collagen type I regulatory region (COLIA1), AluI for the calcitonin receptor (CTR) gene, and BsmI for the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. COLIA1 genotype was significantly associated with age-adjusted hip BMD, with the highest values in the SS group and the lowest in the ss group (p 〈 0.05). The COLIA1 effect was not visible until the sixth decade of life, but it increased thereafter with aging, becoming statistically significant also at the lumbar spine in subjects aged 〉70 years. CTR genotype was also significantly related to bone mass in the CC group, with the lowest age and weight-adjusted BMD values at the spine (p 〈 0.05). The CTR genotype effect was greater in the younger subset of women. This suggests that the CTR genotype might influence the process of acquiring peak bone mass rather than the process of bone loss along aging. No trend association was found between BMD values and VDR genotype. These findings suggest an association between the COLIA1 gene polymorphism more with the age-related rate of bone loss than with peak bone mass, which apparently is somewhat affected by CTR gene polymorphism.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230001160

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2

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Calcium-Induced Natriuresis: Physiologic and Clinical Implications (2000)

Adami, S. ; Parfitt, A. M.

Springer

Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 425-429

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Key words: Calcium infusion — Sodium excretion — Calcium excretion — Hypercalcemia — Tubular function.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract. Assessment of the tubular reabsorption of calcium (Ca) by infusion is complicated by suppression of parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, and by activation of the serpentine Ca sensing receptor in the renal tubule, which inhibits Ca and sodium reabsorption, but little is known about the magnitude of the natriuretic effect of Ca in human subjects. Accordingly, we reanalyzed the relationship between serum Ca and urine Ca and sodium excretion expressed per unit of creatinine clearance (CaE and NaE), and per unit of time (UCa and UNa), during a standard Ca infusion, in 14 healthy volunteers and in 8 primary hyperparathyroid patients. In healthy subjects we observed a large effect of Ca infusion on NaE, which rose as high as 8 mmol/liter GFR. In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism both CaE and NaE during Ca infusion were significantly lower overall than in healthy subjects for comparable values of serum Ca (P 〈 0.05 by covariance analysis), due mainly to a decline or reversal of the slopes at the highest serum Ca levels. In both controls and primary hyperparathyroid subjects the variance of CaE as dependent variable was explained by both serum Ca and by NaE as independent variables (P 〈 0.001). We conclude that (1) The natriuretic effect of hypercalcemia was unexpected large and if maintained would lead to substantial depletion of extracellular fluid. (2) Patients with chronic hypercalcemia, including primary hyperparathyroidism, probably have mild sodium depletion, and are more susceptible to volume depletion. (3) Calcium reabsorption during Ca infusion is reduced by suppression of PTH secretion and increased by volume contraction due to sodium depletion. Discrimination between different basal levels of parathyroid function is successful because these effects usually cancel out. (4) The increase in tubular reabsorption of Ca due to volume contraction can initiate a vicious circle, of importance to the pathogenesis and treatment of severe hypercalcemia.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010086

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3

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Influence of Growth Hormone on a New Marker of Cartilage Metabolism (Chondrex) (2000)

Radetti, G. ; Bozzola, M. ; Braga, V. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 67 (2000), S. 45-46

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Key words: Growth hormone — Growth — Chondrex — XKL-40.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a major secretory protein of human chondrocytes (chondrex) as a potential serum marker of bone responsiveness to growth hormone (GH). The study included 18 children (10 F, 8 M), aged 10.9 ± 2.3 years, bone age 8.8 ± 2.7 years, height −2.3 ± 0.22 SDS, affected by isolated idiopathic GH deficiency (GHD). Serum samples for evaluation of chondrex, total, and bone alkaline phosphatase were taken before and 3 and 6 months following treatment with rhGH. The basal serum level of chondrex did not differ between patients (37 ± 22 ng/ml) and controls (33 ± 9.8 ng/ml). Following 6 months of treatment with rhGH, a significant increase of height velocity SDS (from −2.8 ± 0.5 to 1.3 ± 0.7), total (from 195 ± 47 to 264 ± 79 U/liter) and bone alkaline phosphatase (from 81 ± 21 to 108 ± 30 U/liter) was observed, while chondrex serum level remained unchanged (from 37 ± 22 to 36 ± 29 ng/ml). It was concluded that chondrex cannot be considered a reliable marker of bone responsiveness to GH in the growing child.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00223001095

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4

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Acute effects of deflazacort and prednisone on rates of mineralization and bone formation (1995)

Cascio, V. ; Kanis, J. A. ; Beneton, M. N. C. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 56 (1995), S. 109-112

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Glucocorticoid ; Histomorphometry ; Bone

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract The aims of this study were to determine (1) whether acute suppression of bone formation could be evaluated after the administration of corticosteroids in man by quantitative bone histomorphometry; and (2) whether there were significant differences between the effects of prednisone and its analog deflazacort. Thirteen patients who needed high-dose corticosteroid therapy were randomly allocated to two groups of treatment (prednisone or deflazacort). Quantitative bone histomorphometry, using the technique of triple labeling, and biochemical measurements of bone turnover were studied. There were no differences in biochemical indices of bone turnover between prednisone and deflazacort at the beginning and end of the 15 days of treatment course. During corticosteroid treatment, there were no significant changes in biochemical indices of bone turnover but a significant decline in total alkaline phosphatase (P〈0.01). Histomorphometric indices, as revealed by measurements of tetracycline interval and extent of labeling, showed no significant differences in either mineral apposition rate or bone formation rate in the two groups. We conclude that the acute glucocorticoid suppression of bone turnover by glucocorticoids is not detectable within the first 2 weeks of treatment by histomorphometric techniques. No differences in bone effects of prednisone and deflazacort were detected in this short-term study.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296340

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5

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Effect of Chronic Treatment with Ipriflavone in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mass (1997)

Gennari, C. ; Adami, S. ; Agnusdei, D. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. S019

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Key words: Ipriflavone — Bone mass — Postmenopausal osteopenia.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract. We present the results of two multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year studies to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of ipriflavone in postmenopausal women (PMW) with low bone mass. 453 PMW (aged 50–65 years) with a vertebral (VMD) or radial (RMD) mineral density value 1 SD lower compared with age-matched controls, were randomly selected to receive oral ipriflavone (200 mg T.I.D. at meals) or matching placebo, plus 1 g oral calcium daily. Vertebral (study A, by dual X-ray absorptiometry-DXA) and radial (study B, by dual photon absorptiometry-DPA) bone density, serum bone Gla-protein (BGP), and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine (HOP/Cr) were measured every 6 months. In both studies, the Valid Completers (VC) analysis showed a maintenance of bone mass in ipriflavone-treated women, whereas in the placebo group, bone mineral density (BMD) was significantly decreased. The final outcome was a bone-sparing effect of 1.6% in study A, and of 3.5% in study B after 2 years. The Intention to Treat (ITT) analysis confirmed the decrease in the placebo group, with no changes in ipriflavone-treated women. A significant (P 〈 0.05) between-treatment difference was found in both studies. Biochemical markers of bone turnover decreased in patients treated with ipriflavone, thus suggesting a reduction of bone turnover rate. Twenty-six women treated with ipriflavone and 28 receiving the placebo dropped out because of side effects, mainly gastrointestinal. The compliance to the oral long-term treatment was good. The results of these studies show that ipriflavone is able to prevent both axial and peripheral bone loss in PMW with low bone mass, and is well tolerated.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900380

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6

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Regulation of calcium absorption by 1,25,dihydroxy-vitamin D—Studies of the effects of a bisphosphonate treatment (1982)

Adami, S. ; Frijlink, W. B. ; Bijvoet, O. L. M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 317-320

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: 1,25-Dihydroxy-vitamin D ; Calcium absorption ; Parathyroid hormone ; Bisphosphonate

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Summary In 10 patients with Paget's disease of bone and 2 patients with osteoporosis, we studied the effects of hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia induced by disodium-(3-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene)-1,-bisphosphonate (APD) treatment on the serum concentration of PTH and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D3] and on calcium absorption and balance. The fall in serum calcium and phosphate was associated with a rise in the serum concentration of PTH and 1,25(OH)2D3, coupled with increases in net calcium absorption and calcium balance. The concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3 was significantly related (P〈0.001) to the serum calcium (r=0.66), the serum phosphate (r=0.78), and the serum PTH (r=0.71), confirming the interrelated control of these parameters on 1,25(OH)2D3 production. Moreover, the rise in 1,25(OH)2D3 caused an appropriate rise in calcium absorption (r=0.74) and calcium balance (r=0.86), showing that this vitamin D metabolite contributes as a hormone to calcium homeostasis.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02411260

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7

Electronic Resource

Maggio, D. ; Pacifici, R. ; Cherubini, A. ; [et al.]

Springer

Calcified tissue international 60 (1997), S. 94 -97

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ISSN: 1432-0827

Keywords: Key words: Aging — Cortical bone — Photodensitometry — Radiogrammetry.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics

Notes: Abstract. In order to evaluate in vivo the entity of endosteal and periosteal changes with age in the two sexes, and their relative contribution to age-related cortical bone loss, we undertook a cross-sectional study on a population of normal Caucasian subjects. The group included 189 women and 107 men who were studied by photodensitometry and radiogrammetry of the second metacarpal bone, derived from the same standard hand X-ray. Of the subjects, 134 were 65 years of age or older (75 women and 59 men). Metacarpal bone mineral density (BMD) correlated with age in both sexes, with an annual bone loss rate of 0.5% in women and 0.15% in men. In the over 65 group, correlation was significant only in women, who underwent an acceleration in the rate of bone loss (1% per year). Marrow cavity width (M), cortical index at the second metacarpal shaft (MI) and external width (W) all correlated with age in both sexes, although generally better in the female than in the male sex. M almost doubled from the fourth to the ninth decade in women and increased 50% in men. In the same age interval, MI showed an annual decrease of 0.49% in females and 0.33% in males. In the over 65 group, cortical thinning rate was significant in women (0.39% per annum) but not in men (0.14% per annum), whereas correlation of W was not significant in either sex. Finally, MI correlated with BMD in the whole study population and in the over 65, with a female prevalence in correlation strength maintained throughout life. The following conclusions can be derived for metacarpal aging: (1) an acceleration in cortical bone loss occurs in females after age 65; (2) age-related growth in periosteal diameter, although significant in the whole population, is negligible in the elderly of both sexes; (3) age-related cortical bone loss is generally more dependent on cortical thinning in women than in men.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900193

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