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  • 1
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    Faultfinder: A diagnostic expert system with graceful degradation for onboard aircraft applications (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-29
    Description: A research effort was conducted to explore the application of artificial intelligence technology to automation of fault monitoring and diagnosis as an aid to the flight crew. Human diagnostic reasoning was analyzed and actual accident and incident cases were reconstructed. Based on this analysis and reconstruction, diagnostic concepts were conceived and implemented for an aircraft's engine and hydraulic subsystems. These concepts are embedded within a multistage approach to diagnosis that reasons about time-based, causal, and qualitative information, and enables a certain amount of graceful degradation. The diagnostic concepts are implemented in a computer program called Faultfinder that serves as a research prototype.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Type: DFVLR, Proceedings of the 14th Symposium on Aircraft Integrated Monitoring Systems; p 353-370
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Traditional versus rule-based programming techniques - Application to the control of optional flight information (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: A traditional programming technique for controlling the display of optional flight information in a civil transport cockpit is compared to a rule-based technique for the same function. This application required complex decision logic and a frequently modified rule base. The techniques are evaluated for execution efficiency and implementation ease; the criterion used to calculate the execution efficiency is the total number of steps required to isolate hypotheses that were true and the criteria used to evaluate the implementability are ease of modification and verification and explanation capability. It is observed that the traditional program is more efficient than the rule-based program; however, the rule-based programming technique is more applicable for improving programmer productivity.
    Keywords: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND SOFTWARE
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  • 3
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    Effects of expected-value information and display format on recognition of aircraft subsystem abnormalities (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This study identifies improved methods to present system parameter information for detecting abnormal conditions and to identify system status. Two workstation experiments were conducted. The first experiment determined if including expected-value-range information in traditional parameter display formats affected subject performance. The second experiment determined if using a nontraditional parameter display format, which presented relative deviation from expected value, was better than traditional formats with expected-value ranges included. The inclusion of expected-value-range information onto traditional parameter formats was found to have essentially no effect. However, subjective results indicated support for including this information. The nontraditional column deviation parameter display format resulted in significantly fewer errors compared with traditional formats with expected-value-ranges included. In addition, error rates for the column deviation parameter display format remained stable as the scenario complexity increased, whereas error rates for the traditional parameter display formats with expected-value ranges increased. Subjective results also indicated that the subjects preferred this new format and thought that their performance was better with it. The column deviation parameter display format is recommended for display applications that require rapid recognition of out-of-tolerance conditions, especially for a large number of parameters.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: NASA-TP-3395 , L-17262 , NAS 1.60:3395
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Traditional versus rule-based programming techniques: Application to the control of optional flight information (1987)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: To the software design community, the concern over the costs associated with a program's execution time and implementation is great. It is always desirable, and sometimes imperative, that the proper programming technique is chosen which minimizes all costs for a given application or type of application. A study is described that compared cost-related factors associated with traditional programming techniques to rule-based programming techniques for a specific application. The results of this study favored the traditional approach regarding execution efficiency, but favored the rule-based approach regarding programmer productivity (implementation ease). Although this study examined a specific application, the results should be widely applicable.
    Keywords: MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-89161 , NAS 1.15:89161
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Robust operative diagnosis as problem solving in a hypothesis space (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: This paper describes an approach that formulates diagnosis of physical systems in operation as problem solving in a hypothesis space. Such a formulation increases robustness by: (1) incremental hypotheses construction via dynamic inputs, (2) reasoning at a higher level of abstraction to construct hypotheses, and (3) partitioning the space by grouping fault hypotheses according to the type of physical system representation and problem solving techniques used in their construction. It was implemented for a turbofan engine and hydraulic subsystem. Evaluation of the implementation on eight actual aircraft accident cases involving engine faults provided very promising results.
    Keywords: CYBERNETICS
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Future Flight Decks (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The evolution of commercial transport flight deck configurations over the past 20-30 years and expected future developments are described. Key factors in the aviation environment are identified that the authors expect will significantly affect flight deck designers. One of these is the requirement for commercial aviation accident rate reduction, which is probably required if global commercial aviation is to grow as projected. Other factors include the growing incrementalism in flight deck implementation, definition of future airspace operations, and expectations of a future pilot corps that will have grown up with computers. Future flight deck developments are extrapolated from observable factors in the aviation environment, recent research results in the area of pilot-centered flight deck systems, and by considering expected advances in technology that are being driven by other than aviation requirements. The authors hypothesize that revolutionary flight deck configuration changes will be possible with development of human-centered flight deck design methodologies that take full advantage of commercial and/or entertainment-driven technologies.
    Keywords: Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: Paper-98-1.9.3 , 21st Congress International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences; Sep 13, 1998 - Sep 17, 1998; Melbourne; Australia
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Human-centered automation and AI - Ideas, insights, and issues from the Intelligent Cockpit Aids research effort (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A development status evaluation is presented for the NASA-Langley Intelligent Cockpit Aids research program, which encompasses AI, human/machine interfaces, and conventional automation. Attention is being given to decision-aiding concepts for human-centered automation, with emphasis on inflight subsystem fault management, inflight mission replanning, and communications management. The cockpit envisioned is for advanced commercial transport aircraft.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: ; 9 p.|International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence; Aug 01, 1989; Detroit, MI; United States
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Information management for commercial aviation - A research perspective (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The problem of flight deck information management (IM), defined as processing, controlling, and directing information, for commercial flight decks, and a research effort underway to address this problem, are discussed. The premises provided are utilized to lay the groundwork required for such research by providing a framework to describe IM problems and an avenue to follow when investigating solution concepts. The research issues presented serve to identify specific questions necessary to achieve a better understanding of the IM problem, and to provide assessments of the relative merit of various solution concepts.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: International Symposium on Aviation Psychology; Apr 29, 1991 - May 02, 1991; Columbus, OH; United States
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  • 9
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    An evaluation of a real-time fault diagnosis expert system for aircraft applications (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A fault monitoring and diagnosis expert system called Faultfinder was conceived and developed to detect and diagnose in-flight failures in an aircraft. Faultfinder is an automated intelligent aid whose purpose is to assist the flight crew in fault monitoring, fault diagnosis, and recovery planning. The present implementation of this concept performs monitoring and diagnosis for a generic aircraft's propulsion and hydraulic subsystems. This implementation is capable of detecting and diagnosing failures of known and unknown (i.e., unforseeable) type in a real-time environment. Faultfinder uses both rule-based and model-based reasoning strategies which operate on causal, temporal, and qualitative information. A preliminary evaluation is made of the diagnostic concepts implemented in Faultfinder. The evaluation used actual aircraft accident and incident cases which were simulated to assess the effectiveness of Faultfinder in detecting and diagnosing failures. Results of this evaluation, together with the description of the current Faultfinder implementation, are presented.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: IEEE Conference on Decision and Control; Dec 09, 1987 - Dec 11, 1987; Los Angeles, CA; United States
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  • 10
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    Implementation of a research prototype onboard fault monitoring and diagnosis system (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Due to the dynamic and complex nature of in-flight fault monitoring and diagnosis, a research effort was undertaken at NASA Langley Research Center to investigate the application of artificial intelligence techniques for improved situational awareness. Under this research effort, concepts were developed and a software architecture was designed to address the complexities of onboard monitoring and diagnosis. This paper describes the implementation of these concepts in a computer program called FaultFinder. The implementation of the monitoring, diagnosis, and interface functions as separate modules is discussed, as well as the blackboard designed for the communication of these modules. Some related issues concerning the future installation of FaultFinder in an aircraft are also discussed.
    Keywords: SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
    Type: AIAA PAPER 87-2777 , AIAA Computers in Aerospace Conference; Oct 07, 1987 - Oct 09, 1987; Wakefield, MA; United States
    Format: text
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