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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tuber aestivum and Tuber uncinatum: two morphotypes or two species? (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 235 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Tuber spp. are ectomycorrhizal fungi that establish symbioses with shrubs and trees. Because of their different smell and taste, Tuber uncinatum and Tuber aestivum are two truffle morphotypes with a different market value, but whether or not T. uncinatum and T. aestivum are different taxa is still an open debate among mycologists. In order to identify molecular keys characterizing both T. aestivum and T. uncinatum morphotypes, ITS/RFLPs analyses were carried out on a large collection of samples from all over Italy and from other European countries, followed by a study of the phylogenesis of ITS, β-tubulin and EF 1-α genes, on representative samples. The present study provides compelling evidence that: (i) T. uncinatum and T. aestivum belong to the same species, (ii) neither morphotype presents a specific molecular fingerprint, but they may even share identical alleles at any of the loci analysed; (iii) T. aestivum is most likely under a selfing reproductive mode. Our findings suggest that ecological, rather than genetic causes may account for differences in sporal morphology, taste and smell between T. aestivum and T. uncinatum truffles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2004.tb09574.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single step molecular characterization of morphologically similar black truffle species (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 164 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Species-specific internal ITS primers that amplify polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of different lengths were selected to distinguish the morphologically similar ectomycorrhizal fungi T. melanosporum, T. brumale and T. indicum by aligning their internal transcribed spacer sequences and taking into account any incidence of intraspecific variability. In multiplex PCR experiments, the species-specific primers yielded the expected amplicons on template DNA isolated from the above mentioned species, while there was no amplification in PCR reactions carried out on fungal DNA from competing truffle species and host plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13060.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Typing Tuber melanosporum and Chinese black truffle species by molecular markers (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 153 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Morphologically similar species such as Chinese black truffles and Tuber melanosporum were typed by restriction length polymorphism of internal transcribed spacers. This analysis together with sequence comparison revealed the presence of high genetic variability among fruit bodies collected in China. Selection of primer pairs allowed the internal transcribed spacer region of both Chinese truffles and T. melanosporum to be specifically amplified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12582.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid molecular approach for a reliable identification of Tuber spp. ectomycorrhizae (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 28 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Protocols for isolating and amplifying fungal DNA from ectomycorrhizae, overcoming the presence of PCR inhibitors, were established to ensure a fast and reliable truffle mycorrhizal identification. By using species-specific ITS primers in multiplex PCR, morphologically very similar Tuber melanosporum, Tuber indicum and Tuber brumale ectomycorrhizae were identified in a single step of amplification, irrespective of their physiological stage. The molecular method assures a more accurate and reliable monitoring of nursery-inoculated plants both before and after their in-field planting, than any morphological or ITS/RFLP analyses so far performed. It should also prevent frauds, already a problem, and the potential for environmental damage due to the incorrect typing of the allochthonous species T. indicum as European truffle species, when the identity of ectomycorrhizae is based solely on morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1999.tb00557.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of two repeated sequences in the symbiotic fungus Tuber melanosporum Vitt. (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 34 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two repeated DNA sequences of European strains of the symbiotic fungus Tuber melanosporum were isolated and characterized. One of these, SS14, representing about 0.05% of the fungal genome, was shown to be a T. melanosporum-specific sequence by Southern and dot-blot hybridization. The second one, named SS15, is about 0.0025% of the entire genome, and it is specific not only to T. melanosporum but also to the Asian black truffle Tuber indicum. Neither of these two fragments hybridizes with any of the other European truffle species tested. By sequence analysis of these two fragments, PCR primers were designed and used to selectively amplify DNA from T. melanosporum ascocarps and ectomycorrhizae by simple and multiplex PCR. No amplification products were obtained with DNA from either mycorrhizal roots or fruit bodies of other ectosymbiotic fungi. The two identified genomic traits also provided useful information for a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships among black truffle species and for testing T. melanosporum intraspecific variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2000.tb00763.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haploid plants regenerated via anther culture in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Kock) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 10 (1991), S. 273-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Hordeum spontaneum ; Wild barley ; Anther culture ; Haploids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Androgenic plants have been obtained via anther culture in four natural populations of Hordeum spontaneum. Microscopic observations revealed that androgenesis started with the formation of two vegetative-type nuclei derived from the mitotic division of the uninucleate microspores. In this species androgenesis was affected by the type and concentration of the sugars added to the culture medium: the highest response (17% of callusing anthers) was observed on media containing 80 g l−1 maltose. The highest production of androgenic plants (per 100 anthers, 5.9 green and 4.3 albino plants) was obtained from callus grown on these same media. About half of the green plants regenerated were haploid, while the others were diploid and set seed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193140
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of Medicago arborea L. with an Agrobacterium rhizogenes binary vector carrying the hygromycin resistance gene (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 10 (1991), S. 300-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Transformation ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; forage legumes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Plants of Medicago arborea have been infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain LBA9402 harbouring the plasmids Ri 1855 and AGS125 carrying a gene conferring resistance to the antibiotic hygromycin. About 7056 of the hairy roots showed callus formation on hygromycin-supplemented medium. Regeneration took place on antibiotic free medium only. Plantlets suitable for transfer to soil were obtained after the manual removal of most of the leaves. Plant morphology showed the usual alterations induced by the Ri plasmid; moreover, two years after soil-transfer, transformants have not flowered. Molecular analysis indicates the presence of T-DNA from both pAGS 125 and p1855. The expression of the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene allowed callus and protoplasts of transformed plants to grow on media supplemented with the antibiotic. This trait will be utilized as a marker in protoplast fusion between Medicago arborea and Medicago sativa (alfalfa).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193146
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feulgen-DNA densitometry of embryo sacs permits discrimination between sexual and apomictic plants in Paspalum simplex (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 110 (1999), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: apomixis ; nuclear DNA content ; Paspalum simplex ; progeny tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The chromosomes of sexual diploid plants of Paspalum simplex were colchicine-doubled and the plant obtained were crossed with their aposporous natural tetraploid counterparts to generate a F1 population segregating for apomixis. Analysis of the DNA content during megagametogenesis indicated that although the nuclei of nucellus and developing embryo sacs were in both the G1 and G2 phases, polar nuclei and egg cells of mature embryo sacs tended to remain in the G1 phase. Because both meiotic and aposporous mature embryo sacs are of the 8-nucleated-type in P. simplex and are barely distinguishable, nuclear DNA content of polar nuclei was used to distinguish apomictic and sexual phenotypes and confirmation obtained by progeny testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003772623703
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPD analysis reveals a low rate of outcrossing in burr medic (Medicago polymorpha L.) (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 337-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: burr medic ; genetic variability ; Medicago ; outcrossing rate ; RAPD ; selfing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Although burr medic (Medicago polymorpha L.) is commonly considered a self-pollinating species, intrapopulational variation for morphological, biochemical and molecular markers is relatively high. To investigate whether part of this variation is the result of outcrossing, we designed RAPD analysis experiments to reveal both inter- and intra-accession crossing. No cases of inter-accession hybrids were documented, but an intra-accessional crossing rate of 0 to 4% was estimated for one of the four accessions studied. Therefore, a rare outcrossing event between local individuals and migrating genotypes may contribute to high genetic variability observed in natural M. polymorpha. A better understanding of the factors which influence outcrossing in M. polymorpha is pertinent both for medic breeding programmes and for assessing risks associated with releasing transgenic herbicide-resistant crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008686721385
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP markers are an effective tool for the identification of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) cultivars (2000)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 47 (2000), S. 455-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Agrostis stoloniferaL. ; cultivar identification ; RFLP ; turfgrass
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The potential use of RFLP molecular markers for the identification of four creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) cultivars and one variety of A. tenuis Sibth. used as control, was investigated. Seven probes out of the total 44 screened were able to differentiate all five cultivars at once. On the basis of their genetic similarity the varieties bred at the Pennsylvania State University were grouped closely together, whereas the variety Prominent and the A. tenuis control were more distantly related.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008751520046
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