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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2015-03-23
    Description: The aim of this study is to evaluate the temperature change on specimens of primary enamel irradiated with different pulse duration of Nd:YAG laser. Fifteen sound primary molars were sectioned mesiodistally, resulting in 30 specimens (3.5 × 3.5 × 2.0 mm). Two small holes were made on the dentin surface in which K-type thermocouples were installed to evaluate thermal changes. Specimens were randomly assigned in 3 groups (): A = EL (extra long pulse, 10.000 μs), B = LP (long pulse, 700 μs), and C = SP (short pulse, 350 μs). Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1.064 μm) was applied at contact mode (10 Hz, 0.8 W, 80 mJ) and energy density of 0.637 mJ/mm2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for the statistical analysis (). Nd:YAG laser pulse duration provided no difference on the temperature changes on primary enamel, in which the following means were observed: A = EL (23.15°C ± 7.75), B = LP (27.33°C ± 11.32), and C = SP (26.91°C ± 12.85). It can be concluded that the duration of the laser pulse Nd:YAG increased the temperature of the primary enamel but was not influenced by different pulse durations used in the irradiation.
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-744X
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-03-23
    Description: This study evaluated the effect of CO2 laser irradiation and topical fluoride therapy in the control of caries progression on primary teeth enamel. 30 fragments ( mm) from primary canines were submitted to an initial cariogenic challenge that consisted of immersion on demineralizing solution for 3 hours and remineralizing solution for 21 hours for 5 days. Fragments were randomly assigned into three groups (): L: CO2 laser ( μm), APF: 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride, and C: no treatment (control). CO2 laser was applied with 0.5 W power and 0.44 J/cm2 energy density. Fluoride application was performed with 0.1 g for 1 minute. Cariogenic challenge was conducted for 5 days following protocol previously described. Subsurface Knoop microhardness was measured at 30 μm from the edge. Obtained data were subjected to analysis the variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test with significance of 5%. It was found that the L group showed greater control of deciduous enamel demineralization and were similar to those of APF group, while being statistically different from C group () that showed the lowest microhardness values. It was concluded that CO2 laser can be an additional resource in caries control progression on primary teeth enamel.
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-744X
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Hindawi
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2003-02-08
    Description: Nitric oxide was found to trigger mitochondrial biogenesis in cells as diverse as brown adipocytes and 3T3-L1, U937, and HeLa cells. This effect of nitric oxide was dependent on guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) and was mediated by the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha, a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, the mitochondrial biogenesis induced by exposure to cold was markedly reduced in brown adipose tissue of endothelial nitric oxide synthase null-mutant (eNOS-/-) mice, which had a reduced metabolic rate and accelerated weight gain as compared to wild-type mice. Thus, a nitric oxide-cGMP-dependent pathway controls mitochondrial biogenesis and body energy balance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nisoli, Enzo -- Clementi, Emilio -- Paolucci, Clara -- Cozzi, Valeria -- Tonello, Cristina -- Sciorati, Clara -- Bracale, Renata -- Valerio, Alessandra -- Francolini, Maura -- Moncada, Salvador -- Carruba, Michele O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Feb 7;299(5608):896-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Preclinical Sciences, Center for Study and Research on Obesity, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan 20157, Italy. enzo.nisoli@unimi.it〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12574632" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate/pharmacology ; Adipocytes/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Animals ; Cold Temperature ; Cyclic GMP/metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Eating ; Energy Metabolism ; Female ; HeLa Cells ; High Mobility Group Proteins ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; *Mitochondrial Proteins ; Motor Activity ; NF-E2-Related Factor 1 ; Nitric Oxide/*physiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Nuclear Respiratory Factors ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Oxadiazoles/pharmacology ; Oxygen Consumption ; Penicillamine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Quinoxalines/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism ; U937 Cells ; Weight Gain
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2005-10-15
    Description: Calorie restriction extends life span in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Here, we report that calorie restriction for either 3 or 12 months induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate formation in various tissues of male mice. This was accompanied by mitochondrial biogenesis, with increased oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate production, and an enhanced expression of sirtuin 1. These effects were strongly attenuated in eNOS null-mutant mice. Thus, nitric oxide plays a fundamental role in the processes induced by calorie restriction and may be involved in the extension of life span in mammals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nisoli, Enzo -- Tonello, Cristina -- Cardile, Annalisa -- Cozzi, Valeria -- Bracale, Renata -- Tedesco, Laura -- Falcone, Sestina -- Valerio, Alessandra -- Cantoni, Orazio -- Clementi, Emilio -- Moncada, Salvador -- Carruba, Michele O -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Oct 14;310(5746):314-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Integrated Laboratories Network, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan University, 20157 Milan, Italy. enzo.nisoli@unimi.it〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16224023" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; *Caloric Restriction ; DNA, Mitochondrial/metabolism ; Enzyme Induction ; Female ; GTP Phosphohydrolases/biosynthesis ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mitochondria/*physiology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/*biosynthesis/genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; Oxygen Consumption ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Sirtuin 1 ; Sirtuins/biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2015-08-20
    Description: Author(s): Cristhian A. Valerio-Lizarraga, Ildefonso Leon-Monzon, and Richard Scrivens The space charge of intense unbunched ion beams can be compensated by the ions created when the beam ionizes the residual gas, which creates a source of secondary particles inside the beam pipe. For negative ion beams, the effect of the beam electric field is to expel the electrons to the beam pipe … [Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 18, 080101] Published Wed Aug 19, 2015
    Keywords: Low- and Intermediate-Energy Accelerators
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-4402
    Topics: Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-03-09
    Description: Author(s): C. A. Valerio-Lizarraga The need to extract the maximum beam intensity with low transversal emittance often comes with the drawback of operating the ion source to limits where beam current instabilities arise, such fluctuations can change the beam properties producing a mismatch in the following sections of the machine. Th... [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 21, 030101] Published Thu Mar 08, 2018
    Keywords: Low- and Intermediate-Energy Accelerators
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-4402
    Topics: Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 15 (1969), S. 323-327 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A laser doppler flowmeter is used to obtain velocity profiles in circular glass tubes downstream from a plug composed of brass screens. The apparatus for measuring point velocities of particles suspended in a fluid is described. Measurements were made very close to the plug at Reynolds numbers of 16.5, 47, and 274, and the flow development followed down the tube. The results show that the entrance flow development is dependent on the inlet profile shape and the Reynolds number for Reynolds numbers below 300.The flow development at Reynolds numbers less than 300 was considerably slower than that predicted by the boundary-layer solution of the equations of motion starting with a flat profile.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-04-20
    Description: The representation of spatial wind distribution is recognized as a serious difficulty when modeling the hydrodynamics of lakes surrounded by a complex topography. To address this issue, we propose to force a 3D lake model with the wind field simulated by a high-resolution atmospheric model, considering as a case study a 61 km 2 pre-alpine lake surrounded by mountain ranges that reach 1800 m above the lake's surface, where a comprehensive data set was available in the stratified season. The improved distributed description of the wind stress over the lake surface led to a significant enhancement in the representation of the main basin-scale internal wave motions, and hence provided a reference solution to test the use of simplified approaches. Moreover, the analysis of the power exerted by the computed wind field enabled us to identify measuring stations that provide suitable wind data to be applied uniformly on the lake surface in long-term simulations. Accordingly, the proposed methodology can contribute to reducing the uncertainties associated with the definition of wind forcing for modeling purposes and can provide a rational criterion for installing representative measurement locations in pre-alpine lakes.
    Print ISSN: 0043-1397
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-7973
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2006-05-12
    Print ISSN: 1350-9047
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-5403
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2006-06-07
    Print ISSN: 0957-4484
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6528
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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