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  • 1
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    Tuned variability and correlations in MT neurons [Neuroscience] (2013)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-07
    Description: Population codes assume that neural systems represent sensory inputs through the firing rates of populations of differently tuned neurons. However, trial-by-trial variability and noise correlations are known to affect the information capacity of neural codes. Although recent studies have shown that stimulus presentation reduces both variability and rate correlations with...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    Extracting phosphoric iron under laboratorial conditions smelting bog iron ores (2013)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-14
    Description: In recent years it has been indicated by archaeometric investigations that phosphoric-iron (P-iron, low carbon steel with 0,5-1,5wt% P), which is an unknown and unused kind of steel in the modern industry, was widely used in different parts of the world in medieval times. In this study we try to explore the role of phosphorus in the arhaeometallurgy of iron and answer some questions regarding the smelting bog iron ores with high P-content. XRF analyses were performed on bog iron ores collected in Somogy county. Smelting experiments were carried out on bog iron ores using a laboratory model built on the basis of previously conducted reconstructed smelting experiments in copies of excavated furnaces. The effect of technological parameters on P-content of the resulted iron bloom was studied. OM and SEM-EDS analyses were carried out on the extracted iron and slag samples. On the basis of the material analyses it can be stated that P-iron is usually extracted but the P-content is hig...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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  • 3
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    Neural mechanisms of saccadic suppression (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-03-30
    Description: In normal vision our gaze leaps from detail to detail, resulting in rapid image motion across the retina. Yet we are unaware of such motion, a phenomenon known as saccadic suppression. We recorded neural activity in the middle temporal and middle superior temporal cortical areas during saccades and identical image motion under passive viewing conditions. Some neurons were selectively silenced during saccadic image motion, but responded well to identical external image motion. In addition, a subpopulation of neurons reversed their preferred direction of motion during saccades. Consequently, oppositely directed motion signals annul one another, and motion percepts are suppressed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiele, A -- Henning, P -- Kubischik, M -- Hoffmann, K-P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Mar 29;295(5564):2460-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Allgemeine Zoologie und Neurobiologie, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, 44780, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11923539" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Macaca mulatta ; Motion Perception ; Neurons/*physiology ; *Perceptual Masking ; Retina/physiology ; Saccades/*physiology ; Temporal Lobe/*physiology ; Visual Pathways ; *Visual Perception
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    [ASAP] Rapid Dissolution of BaSO 4 by Macropa, an 18-Membered Macrocycle with High Affinity for Ba 2+ (2018)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-29
    Description: Journal of the American Chemical Society DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08704
    Print ISSN: 0002-7863
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5126
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 5
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    Acetylcholine contributes through muscarinic receptors to attentional modulation in V1 (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-18
    Description: Attention exerts a strong influence over neuronal processing in cortical areas. It selectively increases firing rates and affects tuning properties, including changing receptive field locations and sizes. Although these effects are well studied, their cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. To study the cellular mechanisms, we combined iontophoretic pharmacological analysis of cholinergic receptors with single cell recordings in V1 while rhesus macaque monkeys (Macaca mulatta) performed a task that demanded top-down spatial attention. Attending to the receptive field of the V1 neuron under study caused an increase in firing rates. Here we show that this attentional modulation was enhanced by low doses of acetylcholine. Furthermore, applying the muscarinic antagonist scopolamine reduced attentional modulation, whereas the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine had no systematic effect. These results demonstrate that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms play a central part in mediating the effects of attention in V1.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2666819/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2666819/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Herrero, J L -- Roberts, M J -- Delicato, L S -- Gieselmann, M A -- Dayan, P -- Thiele, A -- 070380/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- 070380/Z/03/Z/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BBS/B/09325/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- England -- Nature. 2008 Aug 28;454(7208):1110-4. doi: 10.1038/nature07141. Epub 2008 Jul 16.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18633352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylcholine/*metabolism/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Attention/*drug effects ; Cholinergic Antagonists/pharmacology ; Macaca mulatta/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mecamylamine/pharmacology ; Muscarinic Antagonists/pharmacology ; Nicotinic Antagonists/pharmacology ; Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/*metabolism ; Scopolamine Hydrobromide/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Existence limits of stable and unstable domain-wall motion : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4593-4595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We obtain the entire region of existence of one-dimensional steady-state lossless domain-wall motion for the case of orthorhombic anisotropy with an in-plane field applied at an arbitrary angle. We compute the unstable solutions by applying the method used to obtain the stable solutions. Solutions with a nonzero in-plane field may be classified by their correspondences to the four Walker solutions: two stable (Bloch-wall-like) and two unstable (Néel-wall-like) solutions. All three previously identified breakdown mechanisms in stable solutions, domain-wall breakdown, and breakdown in the near and far asymptotic regions, are again found in unstable solutions. The existence limits of stable and unstable solutions are found to share certain boundaries. We find at any given velocity and field the number of solutions is zero, two, or four. We find an analytic solution which occurs within solution regions and as a boundary of the regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348321
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eyespot resistance in wheat ×Aegilops kotschyi backcross lines (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In wheat, eyespot caused by PseudoCercosporella herpotrichoides, is one of the main foot-rot diseases. Yield losses up to 40% occur in some years. Plant protection by fungicide application is possible, but a better way is through resistance breeding. Two resistance sources are currently used: Aegilops ventricosa and the old French variety ‘Cappelle Desprez’. A new source of resistance has been found in the accession AE120 of Ae. kotschyi from the Gatersleben gene bank with the genome constitution UUSvSv. This accession has been crossed and backcrossed twice to susceptible wheat varieties, and in each generation, plants with a relatively high level of resistance have been selected. From this material, lines have been developed and tested in F6 to F8. Finally, several lines could be classified as moderately resistant, such as the French variety ‘Cappelle Desprez’ after resistance determination during milk ripeness (DC75). No line reached the high resistance level achieved with Pch-1 from Ae. ventricosa. The yield of these lines under infection conditions was higher compared with ‘Cappelle Desprez’. The line 6018-96-3 showed a high yield of 64.3 dt/ha compared with 59.6 dt/ha, on the average, in combination with the best expression of eyespot resistance in the adult growth stage over 3 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00669.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple Endopeptidasen als biochemische Marker für die Resistenz von Winterweizen gegenüber Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fron) Deighton (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 99 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Multiple endopeptidases as biochemical marker for resistance of winter wheat to Pseudocercosporella herpotnchoides (Fron) Deighton. Electrophoretic patterns of primary leaf endopeptidases in breeding material derived from crosses between different winter wheat genotypes and amphidiploids (Triticum turgidum×Aegilops ventricosa) were compared with those of cultivars susceptible to Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides. The results indicate that the multiple endopeptidase EP-1 coded by Wheat chromosome 7 D is absent in the international known lines ‘VPM 1’ and ‘Roazon’ and in all 24 winter wheat selections with increased resistance to P. herpotrichoides.A close relationship between the absence of EP-1 and the introduction of Aegilops ventricosa resistance is assumed. The use of this biochemical marker in wheat breeding is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01175.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyses of Interactions of Wheat Cultivars in Tests for Resistance to Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 113 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A total of 20 cultivars of winter wheat were tested by ELISA for resistance to Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides in six environments and three growth stages. In a three-factor statistical analysis, the contribution of the different factors to their respective interactions was studied. The genotype × environment interactions exerted a considerable influence which could be reduced by increasing the number of test locations. Environments with a high disease level were less suited to measuring resistance than those environments with a medium level. Estimates of heritability from 0.54 to 0.78 show that successful selection may be possible using ELISA. Significant correlations of quantitative resistance at different environments were only obtained under similar environmental conditions (the same location, the same year) and with P. herpotrichoides populations of similar composition (the same inoculum). The contributions of the individual cultivars to the genotype/ environment interactions were not significantly different, except for ‘Roazon’ and ‘Rendezvous’. Due to high environmental effects in growth stage H5, the determination of quantitative resistance was more reliable in younger stages (65, 75). Nevertheless, the use of the values from that late stage did not reduce the genetic parameters (σ2, h2) if they were combined with the earlier measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00736.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colour-marking in experiments on food selection with Collembola (1990)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 9 (1990), S. 203-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Collembola ; Colour-marked food ; Fungi ; Soil fauna ; Food selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A laboratory method was developed for colour-marking different food types ingested by several slightly pigmented or unpigmented species of Collembola. After feeding Collembola on food marked with food-colouring, the gut contents of the animals appeared coloured. Thus, it was possible to accurately relate the tested animals to the differently stained types of food, irrespective of the location of the animals at the moment of observation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335809
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