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  • 1
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    REVIEW OF CLAY-DRUG HYBRID MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS: ADMINISTRATION ROUTES (2016)
    Clay Minerals Society
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-08-06
    Beschreibung: Focus here is placed on the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications of novel clay-drug hybrid materials categorized by methods of administration. Clay minerals have been used for many years as pharmaceutical and medicinal ingredients for therapeutic purposes. A number of studies have attempted to explore clay-drug hybrid materials for biomedical applications with desired functions, such as sustained release, increased solubility, enhanced adsorption, mucoadhesion, biocompatibility, targeting, etc . The present review attempts not only to summarize the state-of-the-art of clay-drug hybrid materials and their advantages, depending on the methods of administration, but also to deal with challenges and future perspectives of clay mineral-based hybrids for biomedical applications.
    Print ISSN: 0009-8604
    Digitale ISSN: 1552-8367
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Publiziert von Clay Minerals Society
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase balance confers respiratory-droplet transmissibility of the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus in ferrets [Microbiology] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-24
    Beschreibung: A novel reassortant derived from North American triple-reassortant (TRsw) and Eurasian swine (EAsw) influenza viruses acquired sustained human-to-human transmissibility and caused the 2009 influenza pandemic. To identify molecular determinants that allowed efficient transmission of the pandemic H1N1 virus among humans, we evaluated the direct-contact and respiratory-droplet transmissibility in ferrets of representative swine influenza viruses of different lineages obtained through a 13-y surveillance program in southern China. Whereas all viruses studied were transmitted by direct contact with varying efficiency, respiratory-droplet transmissibility (albeit inefficient) was observed only in the TRsw-like A/swine/Hong Kong/915/04 (sw915) (H1N2) virus. The sw915 virus had acquired the M gene derived from EAsw and differed from the gene constellation of the pandemic H1N1 virus by the neuraminidase (NA) gene alone. Glycan array analysis showed that pandemic H1N1 virus A/HK/415742/09 (HK415742) and sw915 possess similar receptor-binding specificity and affinity for α2,6-linked sialosides. Sw915 titers in differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial cells and in ferret nasal washes were lower than those of HK415742. Introducing the NA from pandemic HK415742 into sw915 did not increase viral replication efficiency but increased respiratory-droplet transmissibility, despite a substantial amino acid difference between the two viruses. The NA of the pandemic HK415742 virus possessed significantly higher enzyme activity than that of sw915 or other swine influenza viruses. Our results suggest that a unique gene constellation and hemagglutinin–neuraminidase balance play a critical role in acquisition of efficient and sustained human-to-human transmissibility.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Digitale ISSN: 1091-6490
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von National Academy of Sciences
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    The Legionella effector RavZ inhibits host autophagy through irreversible Atg8 deconjugation (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-11-01
    Beschreibung: Eukaryotic cells can use the autophagy pathway to defend against microbes that gain access to the cytosol or reside in pathogen-modified vacuoles. It remains unclear if pathogens have evolved specific mechanisms to manipulate autophagy. Here, we found that the intracellular pathogen Legionella pneumophila could interfere with autophagy by using the bacterial effector protein RavZ to directly uncouple Atg8 proteins attached to phosphatidylethanolamine on autophagosome membranes. RavZ hydrolyzed the amide bond between the carboxyl-terminal glycine residue and an adjacent aromatic residue in Atg8 proteins, producing an Atg8 protein that could not be reconjugated by Atg7 and Atg3. Thus, intracellular pathogens can inhibit autophagy by irreversibly inactivating Atg8 proteins during infection.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3682818/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3682818/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Choy, Augustine -- Dancourt, Julia -- Mugo, Brian -- O'Connor, Tamara J -- Isberg, Ralph R -- Melia, Thomas J -- Roy, Craig R -- AI007019/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI041699/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI048770/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- NS063973/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI048770/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 NS063973/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- R37 AI041699/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 23;338(6110):1072-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1227026. Epub 2012 Oct 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23112293" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Schlagwort(e): Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; *Autophagy ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cysteine Proteases/genetics/*metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Glycine/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; *Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Hydrolysis ; Legionella pneumophila/*enzymology/genetics ; Legionnaires' Disease/*metabolism/microbiology ; Microfilament Proteins/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Phagosomes/metabolism/microbiology ; Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Levels of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) Flame Retardants in Animals Representing Different Trophic Levels of the North Sea Food Web (2002)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2002-08-28
    Print ISSN: 0013-936X
    Digitale ISSN: 1520-5851
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Energietechnik
    Publiziert von American Chemical Society
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Raised plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor in cardiac allograft recipients: evidence of increased cardiac secretion and decreased renal clearance (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 48 (1995), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): Atrial natriuretic factor ; Cyclosporin A ; heart transplantation ; renal function
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The mechanism(s) causing high levels of plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in cardiac allograft recipients is(are) unclear. The kidney is important for the clearance of ANF and renal function may decline with cyclosporin A therapy in these patients. The relationship between plasma ANF level and renal function and also the pharmacokinetics of a continuous infusion of ANF (15.5 ng·kg−1·min−1 for 60 min) was examined in 6 cardiac allograft recipients on cyclosporin A therapy. Resting plasma ANF levels were significantly higher in these patients than in 8 healthy subjects (71 vs. 21 ng·l−1). Both effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were significantly lower in these patients than in healthy subjects (215 vs. 617 ml·min−1 and 55 vs. 102 ml·min−1 respectively). There was a significant inverse correlation between plasma ANF and ERPF (r=-0.86) and between plasma ANF and GFR (r=-0.81). During the period of ANF infusion, steady state plasma ANF levels were significantly higher in cardiac allograft recipients. Total body clearance of ANF was marginally lower in these patients than in healthy subjects (60 vs. 10.0 l·min−1) although this difference did not reach statistical significance. Derived endogenous secretion rate of ANF was threefold higher in patients when compared to healthy subjects (633 vs. 208 ng·min−1). We have therefore shown that cardiac allograft recipients on cyclosporin A have elevated plasma ANF levels and also decreased renal function. Pharmacokinetic analysis have shown that this increase in plasma ANF levels is due more to increased ANF secretion than to decreased ANF clearance in these patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194330
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 6
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    The Legionella Effector RavZ Inhibits Host Autophagy Through Irreversible Atg8 Deconjugation (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2012-10-25
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    PIII-25The functional consequence of the Glu298Asp polymorphism of the eNOS gene in humans (2006)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2006-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0009-9236
    Digitale ISSN: 1532-6535
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Publiziert von Wiley
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Abnormalities of the QT interval in primary disorders of autonomic failure (1998)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: BACKGROUND: Experimental evidence shows that activation of the autonomic nervous system influences ventricular repolarization and, therefore, the QT interval on the ECG. To test the hypothesis that the QT interval is abnormal in autonomic dysfunction, we examined ECGs in patients with severe primary autonomic failure and in patients with congenital dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) deficiency who are unable to synthesize norepinephrine and epinephrine. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Maximal QT and rate-corrected QT (QTc) intervals and adjusted QTc dispersion [(maximal QTc - minimum QTc on 12 lead ECG)/square root of the number of leads measured] were determined in blinded fashion from ECGs of 67 patients with primary autonomic failure (36 patients with multiple system atrophy [MSA], and 31 patients with pure autonomic failure [PAF]) and 17 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. ECGs of 5 patients with congenital DbetaH deficiency and 6 age- and sex-matched controls were also analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with MSA and PAF had significantly prolonged maximum QTc intervals (492+/-58 ms(1/2) and 502+/-61 ms(1/2) [mean +/- SD]), respectively, compared with controls (450+/-18 ms(1/2), P 〈 .05 and P 〈 .01, respectively). A similar but not significant trend was observed for QT. QTc dispersion was also increased in MSA (40+/-20 ms(1/2), P 〈 .05 vs controls) and PAF patients (32+/-19 ms(1/2), NS) compared with controls (21+/-5 ms(1/2)). In contrast, patients with congenital DbetaH deficiency did not have significantly different RR, QT, QTc intervals, or QTc dispersion when compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with primary autonomic failure who have combined parasympathetic and sympathetic failure have abnormally prolonged QT interval and increased QT dispersion. However, QT interval in patients with congenital DbetaH deficiency was not significantly different from controls. It is possible, therefore, that QT abnormalities in patients with primary autonomic failure are not solely caused by lesions of the sympathetic nervous system, and that the parasympathetic nervous system is likely to have a modulatory role in ventricular repolarization.
    Schlagwort(e): Life Sciences (General)
    Materialart: American heart journal (ISSN 0002-8703); 136; 4 Pt 1; 664-71
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Global patterns and inferences of tuna movements and trophodynamics from stable isotope analysis (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2023-02-08
    Beschreibung: A global dataset of carbon stable isotope (δ13C) values from yellowfin, bigeye, and albacore tuna muscle tissue (n = 4275) was used to develop a novel tool to infer broad-scale movement and residency patterns of these highly mobile marine predators. This tool was coupled with environmental models and lipid content (C:N ratio) of tuna muscle tissues to examine ocean warming impacts on tuna ecology and bioenergetic condition across Longhurst provinces. Over a 16-year study period (2000–2015), latitudinal gradients in tuna δ13C values were consistent, with values decreasing with increasing latitude. Tuna δ13C values, reflecting modelled global phytoplankton δ13C landscapes (“isoscapes”), were largely related to spatial changes in oxygen concentrations at depth and temporal changes in sea surface temperature. Observed tuna isoscapes (δ13CLScorr), corrected for lipid content and the Suess effect (oceanic changes in CO2 over time), were subtracted from model-predicted baseline isoscapes (Δ13Ctuna-phyto) to infer spatial movement and residency patterns of the different tuna species. Stable isotope niche width was calculated for each Longhurst province using Δ13Ctuna-phyto and baseline-corrected nitrogen isotope (δ15Ntuna-phyto) values to further quantify isotopic variability as evidence of movements across isoscapes. A high degree of movement—defined as the deviation from the expected range of Δ13Ctuna-phyto values— was evident in three Longhurst provinces: Guinea current coast, Pacific equatorial divergence, and the North Pacific equatorial counter current. The highest level of population dispersal (variability in Δ13Ctuna-phyto values) was observed in Longhurst provinces within the western and central Pacific Oceans and in the Guinea current coast. While lipid content was low in yellowfin and bigeye, high and variable lipid stores in albacore muscle were consistent with seasonal movements between productive foraging and oligotrophic spawning habitats. Our ability to characterize tuna movement patterns without ambiguity remains challenged by uncertainty in trophic discrimination factors and ecological (e.g. diet variability) processes. However, this study illustrates that model-corrected δ13C values are a valuable, relatively cost-effective tool for identifying potential areas of mixing across management zones, particularly when electronic tagging studies are limited or absent. Stable isotope analyses of tuna tissues can therefore be an additional tool for guiding spatial stock assessments on top predator movement, dispersal patterns, and how they may be altered under a changing climate.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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